IPatisson ithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi nabalimi. Lesi sitshalo saminyaka yonke esi-herbaceous asidingi ukuba sicwebezelwe futhi asakheki. Izithelo zakhona zinambitha nezimpawu zezokwelapha zifana ne-zucchini, ngoba zombili izitshalo zohlobo lwethanga. Kuliqiniso, uma siqhathanisa i-zucchini ne-squash, khona-ke lezi zamuva ezinezithelo ezinde ezenezinto ezengeziwe ezizuzisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingama-thermophilic ngaphezulu, futhi izithelo ezingaphezulu zivuthwa. Ukuthola isivuno esiphakeme, kufanele wazi ezinye izimfihlo kuk squash okhulayo.
Mayelana squash
E-Russia, ama-squash atshaliwe kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Ama-Connoisseurs abheka u-squash njengemifino elula: ayatholwa, anosawoti futhi asemakhishini. Ukunambitheka kwezithelo kufana kakhulu namakhowe.
Odokotela bacabanga ukuthi squash kuwukudla kokudla. Aqukethe: amavithamini, ushukela, i-pectin. I-alkaline compounds namanzi aqukethe izithelo akhuphula izinga lokufakazelwa ngamaprotheni ngumzimba futhi adale ukusabela kwe-alkali egazini. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-squash ekudleni kunomthelela omuhle emsebenzini wamathumbu nezinso. Umphumela wabo wokwelashwa ohlelweni lomchamo uyaziwa.
Izinhlobo ezihlukile zo-squash zinesimo esihlukile: ipuleti, idiski, isitsha, insimbi. Imibala enemibala nayo ihlukile: mhlophe (ngokwesiko), luhlaza okotshani, ophuzi, obomvu. I-squash isakazeka kwenzeka ngembewu.
Ungakhula kanjani u-squash ekhishini lasehlobo
I-squash ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Kulokhu, ukufika kenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Futhi ungahlwanyela imbewu yesikwele ku-greenhouse. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ku-greenhouse kufanele kwenziwe ngo-Ephreli.
Amaphethini wokufakelwa kwezinhlobo ezimbili:
- Ithiphu - 50x90x70 cm.
- Isikwele-isidleke - 70x70 cm noma 60x60 cm.
Ilungiselela imbewu yesikwele engatshalwa
Embewini yesikwashi, isikhathi sokukhula sithatha iminyaka eyi-9 ukuya kwengama-10. Kuliqiniso, ukuhluma okuhamba phambili kubonwa kwabaneminyaka emibili nethathu. Kepha ukuhluma okuhle kwembewu yangonyaka odlule akunqunyelwa uma belashwa ngokushisa amahora angama-5-6 ngama-degree angama-50-60 noma omiswe elangeni.
Ukusuka esithelweni esivuniwe, kukhethwa izithelo eziningana zekhwalithi enhle. Imbewu ikhishwa kubo, okumele yomiswe egumbini elifudumele nelinomoya omncane.
Ukubulala izifo, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezithombo, imbewu ifakwe kuzixazululo ezahlukahlukene, isibonelo, ku-boric acid encibilikisiwe (20 mg ilitha lamanzi). Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona ukuhlanza ukomisa. Ngale ndlela elula, isivuno sikhuphukela ku-20%.
Iyacubungula ngaphambi kokutshala ngesixazululo se-potanganum permanganate: yandisa ukuhluma, isheshisa ukukhula kwezitshalo nentuthuko. Kulokhu, imbewu igcinwa isisombululo imizuzu engama-20, igezwe futhi yomile.
Enye yezimo zezithombo ezisheshayo nezithelo eziphakeme ukuqina. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu ibekwa esikhwameni sentaba emincane, ebekwa esiqandisini. Amahora ayi-6 okuqala izithombo asezingeni lokushisa lama-degree angama-18 kuye kwangama-20. Izinsuku ezilandelayo ezingama-5-6, izinto zokutshala zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama-0 kuye kwayi-2 degrees.
Ukutshala imbewu endaweni ebamba ukushisa
Indlela yokufika okunjalo ikhethiwe ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nokuthi zithengiswe kuqala emakethe. Usuku lokufika olufanele ngu-Ephreli.
Izithombo zikhule ku-peat noma izinkomishi zepulasitiki. Ukusheshisa ukuhluma, kugcwele inhlabathi yezimbali noma ingxube yomhlaba ngezithasiselo. Izicucu zisetshenziswa zixutshwe namanzi.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: okokuqala, izinkomishi zokufika ezinobubanzi obungu-10 cm zingcwatshwa ngo-4 cm zifafazwe nomhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa elithile liyagcinwa, elizovumela amahlumela ukuthi aqine futhi akhule ngokusebenzayo. Izinga lokushisa elifanele ngaphambi kokuqhamuka: phakathi nosuku ama-23-25 degrees, nasebusuku ama-degrees angu-1818.
Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, izinga lokushisa kufanele lehliswe: ama-degree angu-18 phakathi nosuku namadigri ayi-16 ebusuku. Ngenxa yokushisa kwehlisile, amahlumela azoqina ngokushesha futhi akhule. Ngemuva cishe kwesonto, izinga lokushisa lizodinga ukukhushulwa futhi libe ngama-22-25 degrees.
Izithombo ese sezikhulile ezinamahlamvu amabili noma amathathu atshalwe emibhedeni. Kunconywa ukuthi uchithe imithombo ngamanzi afudumele ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukufiswa kwenziwa ngesigaxa sobumba esihlelwe kahle.
KUBALULEKILE! Amahlumela okuqala adinga ukuniselwa ngenani elincane lamanzi hhayi kaningi. Kuyadingeka futhi ukufeza umoya omncane ojwayelekile.
Ukuhlwanyela okuvulekile
Indlela yokutshala enjalo isetshenziswa ekutshaleni u-squash wezidingo zomuntu. Usuku lokufika olufanele ngoMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Indawo ebanjwayo ikhethwa endaweni enelanga futhi engenamoya. Inhlabathi ilungiswa ekwindla, ukuze ingafakwa caked futhi ivundile. Okokuqala bayawugumba, bese bewufaka umquba. Ukuswakama, lapho bemba, imboza yomhlaba ayiphuli, ngakho-ke ebusika zigcwele umswakama. Entwasahlobo, amagabha aqhekeka futhi umswakama ungena enhlabathini. Inhlabathi engavundelwanga ekwindla, ivundiswe isonto ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukulinganiselwa okukhawulelwe kwenhlabathi ene-acidic.
Ukutshala okuqala kulungiselela ukuvikelwa kwesithwathwa. Njengokuvikela, umquba noma umquba usetshenzisiwe, obekwa emiseleni yokutshala uphinde ufafazwe ngenhlabathi. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukufaka umanyolo ngomanyolo owuketshezi kuyenziwa.
Ukuma komhlaba kwenziwa emhlabathini kufudunyezwe kuze kufike kuma-28- degrees. Ukuze umswakama ovela ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zenhlabathi uhambe uye ezinhlanyelweni, zihlanganiswa lapho kutshala. Imbewu encane yenziwa ukutshala imbewu. Ukujula kwabo kuya ngesimo somhlabathi. Lapho inhlabathi isikhululekile, ukujula okwanele komgodi kungama-6 cm, kwenhlabathi ehlangene futhi esindayo - 4 cm.
KUBALULEKILE!
- Imbewu etshalwe enhlabathini engashisiwe ibolile.
- Ukutshala kumila ngokushesha uma imbewu imila ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Ukubekwa phezu kw Peat, kusheshisa ukuhluma kwezithombo.
Ungayinakekela kanjani isikwashi endaweni
Ukuhambisana nemithetho ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa kwe-squash kuyisiqinisekiso sesivuno esihle.
Ukunisela kwenziwa ukuze amaqabunga aqhubeke omile. Kuyadingeka ukunisela ngaphansi kwempande. Amanzi akufanele abande kakhulu. I-Landings idinga umswakama omningi ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zokukhula. Isigaba sezimbali sihlukaniswa ngokukhethekile.
Ukugeleza kwamanzi okudingekayo kwemitha elilodwa lokutshala:
- Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza - isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezingama-5-6 kusuka kumalitha ayi-5 kuye kwayi-8.
- Lapho kuqhakaza izimbali nezithelo - isikhathi esingu-1 njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-3-4, amalitha ayi-8-10.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kubhekwa njengenketho ngokugqoka kathathu okuphezulu. Imvamisa, kanye ngosuku oluzothuthukisa izimbali, futhi kabili ezigabeni zokwenziwa nokuvuthwa. Umanyolo we-organic owenziwe kusuka ku-mullein ehlutshiwe usetshenziselwa ukugqoka phezulu.
Ukulawula ukhula kwezikhula zokhula ngendlela yokhula kukhulisa umkhiqizo. Ngokubambisana nokhula, inhlabathi ayikhululi, futhi i-hilling ayenziwa. Izimpande zidalulwe ngemuva kokuchelela zimbozwe nge-peat noma inhlabathi evundisiwe.
Ukuncipha kusuka ezingxenyeni ezakhiwe kakhulu Amaqabunga akhulisiwe namahlamvu angadingekile kufanele kususwe. Ukutshala ngokweqile kunciphisa umkhiqizo. Ukususwa kunconyelwa ukuphindwa ngezikhathi ezithile nesikhathi sokuphumula sezinsuku ezi-4.
KUBALULEKILE! Kuvunwa maviki onke. Ugalonci okwedlule ukugcina izimbali futhi kwehlise ukwakheka kwezithelo.
Ukuqothula okwenziwe nge-squash kwenziwa ngendlela yesiphambano. Impova ithwalwa yizinambuzane. Kuzithelo ezisezindlini zokugcina izithombo, impova yokufakelwa iyimpoqo. Ngokutshala kwenhlabathi, impova enjalo iyadingeka lapho izimo zezulu ziphazamisa impova yemvelo. I-pollinating eyenzeka ngokusobala ilula kakhulu: kuphuka imbali yesilisa, futhi impova yayo ifakwa ezimbalini zesifazane.
KUBALULEKILE! Ukuvimbela impova ngezilimo ezihlobene, akunconywa ukutshala eduze kwamathanga, ukhukhamba ne-zucchini.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Isilokazane esikhulu se-squash yi-aphid. Isenzo sakhe asibonakali.
Ukulwa nama-aphid asebenzayo lezo zindlela:
- Ukubhujiswa kokhula ngokumba inhlabathi ejulile.
- Ukwelashwa kweLeaf ngezixazululo ezahlukahlukene zemithi.
- Ukwelashwa kwamaqabunga nge-ash kanye nesisombululo sensipho.
- Ukuphaphaza kushiya nomfudlana wamanzi lapho kungekho monakalo omkhulu.
Ezinye izinambuzane ziyefana ne-zucchini, ngokwesibonelo, i-whitefly. Ishaya phansi kweshidi bese iyoma. Ubungozi bezithelo ezithinta umhlabathi yi-slugs. Ukuvikela, ukufakwa kusetshenziswa ingilazi noma i-plaque. Ungazibulala izinambuzane ngamakhemikhali, noma ugeze izibungu ngejet yamanzi, bese ukhulula inhlabathi.
Ukuvuna Isikwashi
I-squash iyathulwa lapho izithelo zingavuthiwe ngokugcwele, futhi imbewu ingakhekile. Izithelo ezivundile zinezikhonkwane ezinzima, ngakho-ke ziyahlanzwa ngaphambi kokudla. Izithelo ezinjalo zishiywe kahle imbewu.
Izithelo zika-squash azakhelwanga isitoreji sesikhathi eside, kepha ungazilonda, izinto futhi wenze i-caviar.
Ukubona yonke imithetho, kukhula isikwashi emandleni wabalimi abangazi nakancane. Umvuzo wokusebenza uzoba izithelo ezimnandi nezakhayo zo squash.
