Ukugqoka okwengeziwe kwaphezulu kwezilimo zezimbali

Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nokuqala kwehlobo, umthwalo oyinhloko ekwakhekeni nasekuvuneni kwezilimo ngezilimo. Ngokuya ngesimo somzimba kanye nezinga lokuzala kwenhlabathi, yonke inkimbinkimbi yomquba ingafakwa ekwindla noma ihlukaniswe ngamanyolo ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Kwizitshalo ezinokuvela okuvela engxenyeni eyinhloko yesistimu yezimpande, ukusetshenziswa ekwindla-kwentwasahlobo komanyolo omkhulu ngesimo somanyolo onzima noma oyinkimbinkimbi (nitrofoski, nitroammophoski, potrateum nitrate, ammophos nezinye izindlela) kwanele. Ungazilungiselela ngokuzimela inhlanganisela edingekayo yomanyolo ayisisekelo bese uyengeza esikweni.

Izigaba eziphambili zokufaka umquba

Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile isicelo esisodwa somanyolo asanele ukuthi isitshalo singakhi kuphela isivuno esikhulu, kodwa futhi nesitshalo sekhwalithi ephelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe wezitshalo kwenziwa ngokwehlukile nge-nitrogen, i-nitrogen-phosphorus, phosphorus-potassium kanye ne-potash fertilizer ngesicelo sezimpande kanye nomanyolo we-nitrogen kanye nama-microelements ane-foliar.

Isitshalo ngasinye, ikakhulukazi esakha isivuno sezithelo noma amajikijolo, sidinga ukugqokwa okuphezulu okuphezulu esikhathini esithile noma esigabeni esithile. Lezi zigaba, ngokuvamile phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula, zenzeka ezitshalweni zokuqala ezivuthiwe 2, kanti ezitshalweni zakamuva ezi-3-4, zingabalwa uhlelo lokusebenza ekwindla ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwenhlabathi yesilimo sonyaka olandelayo.

Isidingo esandayo sezakhamzimba ezitshalweni zezithelo nezitshalo ezingama-berry kubalwa ngaso:

• esigabeni sokuqala kokukhula,
• ngesikhathi sokuhluma noma ukuqala kwezimbali,
• ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamaqanda, ukuqala kokuzala.

Kwidayari yakho yengadi, faka uhlu lwamasiko anezikhathi zawo ziyahlangana, futhi uqiniseke ukondla amaqembu ahlanganisiwe ezitshalo kulezi zigaba (usuku olubizwa ngalo lokudla). Kungahle kube namaqembu amaningi anjalo. Ngokuya ekuqaleni kwesigaba, feza okondlayo okufanele eqenjini elikhethiwe. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uqhakambise izinsuku zomanyolo futhi unciphise isikhathi esichithwa ekucubungulweni kwesihlahla ngasinye noma isihlahla ngosuku olulodwa.

Emhlabathini owonakalisiwe, izilimo ezithela izithelo zidinga ukondliwa minyaka yonke, kanye nenhlabathi evundile ngemuva kweminyaka engama-2-3. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-foliar ngesimo sokufafaza ngama-microelements nakho kuyadingeka lapho unakekela izilimo. Izinto ezilandelwayo zandisa ukumelana kwazo nezifo futhi zivuselele izinqubo eziyisisekelo zemvelo esikhathini sokukhula.

Ungasilungisa kanjani isixazululo somanyolo we-organic?

Ukulungiselela ikhambi:

• ukusilala: engeza izingxenye ezinhlanu zamanzi engxenyeni e-1 yomquba;
• Amaconsi ezinyoni noma amantshontsho agcinwa ngesilinganiso se-1 ingxenye yezidalwa eziqinile ezingxenyeni eziyishumi nambili zamanzi.

Imvamisa, kusetshenziswa izixazululo eziyi-10 l isq. 1 yendawo ngayinye.

Ukwenza kanjani ukugqoka okuphezulu?

Ezilimeni zezihlahla, izimpande ezifashisayo ezenza umsebenzi wokugunda zitholakala onqenqemeni lomqhele. Umanyolo wafika ezimpandweni okudingayo:

• Emaphethelweni omqhele wesiko elithela izithelo, gaya isiza ngesigamu sefosholo bese ugcwalisa isixazululo esinetshezi sokanyusi we-organic ngesilinganiso sebhakede elilodwa kumamitha ayi-2 aqondile, noma kwindilinga engeza umanyolo wamaminerali ungabi ngaphezu kuka-100-150 g ngesihlahla esidala esithela izithelo. Kwizihlahla ezincane, ungenza imibuthano engu-2-2 bese wengeza umthamo womanyolo, obalwe esihlahleni. Uma kungenawo umanyolo owanele we-organic, khona-ke usakaze isixazululo se-organic ukuya ku-3-4 m, bese ugaya izimbotshana ezimbalwa ngaphakathi kwendilinga noma ushaye izimbobo ezimbalwa (kungabi ngaphezu kuka-15 cm), ufafaze umanyolo kuzo (uhlukanise phakathi kwazo zonke izimbobo), ugcwalise ngamanzi, uvale ngemuva kokufakwa inhlabathi. Ukunisela. Kuyadingeka ukukhulisa ukufinyelela komanyolo kuzendlalelo ezingezansi (kumkhawulo we-15 cm) wendawo wezimpande.
• Ungazikhawulela ekumbizeni nje noma ekumbeni izimbobo futhi wethule umanyolo oqinile wamaminerali, noma ugcwalise isixazululo se-organic, ukumboza konke ngomhlabathi futhi uwunisele. Kuyacaca ukuthi izinketho zohlelo lokusebenza zikhethwa ngumnikazi wesakhiwo sengadi noma ikotishi.

Esihlahleni, njengomthetho, izimpande zitholakala engxenyeni ephezulu yenhlabathi engu-15-20 cm futhi laphomba imigodi noma imithombo yokumba, ingalimala. Ukuvimbela lokhu, susa ngokucophelela ungqimba olunenhlabathi olungaphezulu kwesihlahla (ungasichitha), engeza isixazululo se-organic (sigxile kakhulu ukuze ungashisi izimpande) noma ufafaze umanyolo oqinile, umboze inhlabathi (ungawuxuba ne-rake) bese uwunisela ukuze amanzi abe ngaphansi kwempande kunokuba sisakaze inqwaba ebanzi ezungeze.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngezigaba zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo

Isigaxa

Esikhathini sokuqhakaza kwezimbali, okuvame ukwenzeka ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, izihlahla nezihlahlana zidinga i-nitrogen. Sondla amaqembu akhethiwe ekuqaleni kwalesi sigaba ngomanyolo we-nitrogen (nitrate noma urea) ka-75-100 g / isihlahla, ama-organics ngesimo se-humus, isixazululo sokwehla kwezinyoni noma umquba. Le ndlela izovumela izihlahla ngesikhathi esifushane ukuncibilikisa amahlamvu bese ziqala inqubo yokusebenzisa izithombe.

I-Budding, ukuqala kwezimbali

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kulesi sigaba kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba izakhi zomzimba zisetshenziswa isiko hhayi ukwenza isivuno kuphela, kodwa nezinkomba zekhwalithi (ushukela, amavithamini, izakhi zokulandela umkhondo, izinhlanganisela zezinto eziphilayo).

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungaba izimpande, kufakwe ngaphansi kokunisela ngendlela yamanyolo owomile noma izixazululo. Ukugqoka okungaphezulu kwe-Liquid kusebenza kakhulu, ngoba izakhi ezincibilikisiwe zingena futhi zidonswa ngokushesha yisistimu yezimpande. Kulesi sigaba, isidingo se-phosphorus ne-potassium siyanda ezitshalweni.

Okondlayo okuhle kuzoba yi-nitrophoska, ammophos, potrateum nitrate (potassium sulfate) noma izingxube ze-phosphorus-potassium. Umanyolo we-dertilizer uhla phakathi kwe-200 g / isihlahla, kuya ngeminyaka, ukukhula komqhele kanye nosayizi wesitshalo esenziwayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngeke kulimaze ukufaka izinkomishi ezingama-2-3 zomlotha ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye zokutshala nokwenza okugqokiwe okuphezulu, ukwakheka kwawo okungahlanganisa izinto zokulandela umkhondo, kufaka phakathi i-calcium, i-iron, i-boron, i-magnesium kanye nezinto eziphambili: i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium (thenga-eyenziwe eyenziwe esitolo )

Ungalungisa isixazululo ngokwakho ngokuxuba i-boric acid, urea ne-iodine ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi, ngokulandelana, isipuni esingu-1 dessert ngaphandle kwesilayidi, 2 wezipuni ngesilayidi no-1 isipuni sekhofi esingaphelelanga.

Khumbula! Ukuze ungashisi izitshalo, ukuqoqwa kwekhambi lokufafaza akufanele kudlule i-1%.

Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu kwefoliar ngaphansi kwezimo eziphelele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungenzeka kungasebenzi.

Ezilimo zokuqala ngoJuni, isigaba sokukhula kwamaqanda nokuvunwa (raspberries, currants) nawo siyawa. Ngalesi sikhathi, kungcono kakhulu ukondla isithelo se-berry ngezingilazi ezi-1-2 zomlotha, equkethe iqoqo elikhulu lezinto zokulandela. Isifutho se-Berry sigwenywa kangcono.

Ukukhula kwama-ovari, ukwakheka kwezitshalo nokuqala kwezithelo ezitshalweni zezithelo, njengomthetho, kwenzeka ngoJulayi. Ngalesi sikhathi, izilimo zondliwa kuphela enhlabathini ephelile ngezimpawu zangaphandle zokungondleki. Imvamisa, kumhlabathi ovundile, okokugqokwa kwesithathu kudluliselwa ekwindla lapho kulungiswa inhlabathi yesitshalo sonyaka olandelayo noma kwenziwa eminyakeni eyi-1-2.