Cishe yonke ingadi inezihlahla zamajikijolo ahlukahlukene. Imvamisa, abalimi bakhula ama-currants amnyama abomvu, ama-gooseberries kanye nama-raspberries. Abafuyi besimanje bakwazile ukukhulisa ezinye izinhlobo zamajikijolo ngokunqamula izitshalo zethu zomhluzi ezijwayelekile sonke. Ngakho-ke kukhona wonke ama-nzalo amasha anambitha engajwayelekile. Abaningi babo bamelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
Impela abaningi bethu bake bezwa ngebhali enje nge-yoshta, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ngezici zayo nokuthi angayitshala kanjani. Kuzoba mnandi ukufunda ngayo ngabalimi abaningi be-novice.
Kuyini i-yoshta? Izithombe zamajikijolo
Onke amajikijolo amahle ngendlela yawo, anokunambitheka kwawo nephunga lawo. I-Blackcurrant ithokozelwa kakhulu ngokuqina kwayo nokuphulukiswa kwezakhiwo zayo. Ukuphela kwaso ukungabekezeleli kwezifo nezilokazane. Kuze kube manje, abalimi sebethule i-hybrid entsha, weqa ama-currants amnyama nama-gooseberries. Umphumela uba i-berry engajwayelekile ebizwa ngokuthi yoshta. Le berry yathatha izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu kusuka kuma-gooseberries nama-currants amnyama, kepha ayinakubizwa ngokuthi ilungile kuzo zonke izindlela.
Eminyakeni edlule kube nemizamo yokwenza le hybrid, kepha imiphumela ayiphumelelanga. Isihlahla se-yoshta asivelanga amajikijolo, isitshalo sasiyinyumba. Ngokuqala kobuchwepheshe obusha lapho ososayensi baphumelela ngeminyaka yama-70s. Bazama ukukhulisa i-hybrid emazweni ahlukene, ngakho amajikijolo ezihlahleni eziqhakaza izithelo ayehluka ngokubukeka nokunambitheka.
Ngaphezu kokunambitheka okumnandi, lesi sitshalo sibuye sibe nokubukeka okuhle okufana nakho, lapho abalimi abaningi baqala ukusisebenzisa njengengxenye yokwakhiwa kwendawo. Amaqabunga esihlahla somhluzi obonakalayo abukeka kahle. Bakhona ezinkulu futhi openwork, futhi amagatsha awanameva, ngokungafani nama-gooseberry. Isihlahla esidala ukuphakama singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 noma ngaphezulu. Inamagatsha amakhulu weminyaka engu-15-20. Uhlelo lwezimpande lungena emhlabathini cishe ukuya kuma-30-40 cm ukusuka ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
Entwasahlobo, isihlahla simbozwe izimbali zegolide, ezijika ngokushesha zibe amajikijolo aluhlaza. Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kufana ne-gooseberries nama-currants amnyama ngasikhathi sinye - okumnandi nokuthosiwe kuthathwe. Njengoba ubona esithombeni, amajikijolo makhulu ngosayizi cishe no-cherry. Zimnyama ngombala nge-tint onsomi.
Ukulima kweYoshta
Ukutshala nokunakekela okufanele kuqinisekisa umkhiqizo we-yoshta. Le berry isungulwe kahle kunhlabathi evundile e-loamy evundile. Izihlahla zitshalwa kangcono ezindaweni ezinelanga ngaphandle kwemimoya enamandla. Kungcono ukutshala ama-yoshta bush eduze, khona-ke isivuno siyobe sesiphezulu. Umgodi wokufika kufanele ube ngu-50x50x50 cm.
Ukunakekelwa okulula kwe-yoshta, ngisho nabalimi abangenalwazi bangakhula. Isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa kaningi. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo elangeni kumele iniselwe kakhulu. Isabela kahle ekugqokeni okuphezulu, ngakho-ke izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngonyaka kuyadingeka ukufaka umanyolo wamaminerali ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-yoshta. Kuhle kakhulu entwasahlobo ukuthulula izingilazi eziningana zomlotha wokhuni ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.
Izihlahla azidingi izihlahla zendabuko. Amagatsha omile futhi alimala kufanele asuswe njengoba kunesidingo. Isitshalo empeleni asiguli, i-yoshta ayesabi izinambuzane futhi imelana nezifo. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo se-yoshta esingathobeki sivame ukutshalwa esikhundleni sethango, izihlahla sikhula ngokushesha ngaphandle kwezinkinga, futhi sinikeze nezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezinempilo. I-Yoshta ithathwa njengesiko elisencane, ngakho-ke ezinye izinhlobo azikazalwa.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
I-Yoshta imvamisa itshalwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla kokuqala. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, izihlahlana kufanele zitshalwe kude. cishe amamitha ayi-2 ngokwahlukana. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zizokhula, ngakho-ke kufanele kube nesikhala esanele sokuthuthuka okuvamile kwezihlahla. Uma usebenzisa i-yoshta njenge uthango, khona-ke ungatshala izihlahlana ezinezikhathi zesigamu semitha.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele ulungiselele isiza. Kufanele ukuthi ibunjiwe futhi ivundiswe ngezakhi ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium. U-Yoshta uphendula kahle kumanyolo we-potash. Indawo kufanele ibekwe kahle ngenhlabathi evulekile. Ukunakekela isivuno kuyafana ne-currant emnyama. Umehluko phakathi kwabo ungokulandelayo:
- I-Yoshta idinga indawo enkulu yokuhlala:
- kuye, kuyadingeka ukwenza umanyolo ohlukahlukene;
- kungakuhle ukuthi mulch inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla.
IMulch ineqhaza esivivaneni esihle semvelo kanye nasemanzini emhlabathini. Inikeza nomphumela omuhle kulawulo lokhula. Nge-mulch, asikho isidingo sokukhulula inhlabathi lapho izihlahla zikhula khona. Abalimi abaningi bokusebenzisa umquba:
- humus
- umquba olungiselelwe kusuka esizeni sakho;
- izitshalo ezincane ze-herbaceous;
- amahlumela amancane nezinyoni ezivela kumagilebhisi.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, i-yoshta idinga ukugqoka okuphezulu eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala - okungenani ama-6 kg. Lapho-ke inani lomanyolo wamaminerali lifiseleka ukwanda amahlandla ama-2.
I-hybrid ingasakazeka ngezindlela ezimbili:
- imbewu;
- ukusika.
Indlela yokuqala iyinkimbinkimbi impela, ngoba kuyadingeka ukhethe imbewu futhi uyihlukanise ngezinsuku ezingama-200. Ukushisa kwesitoreji kufanele kube ku-+5mayelanaC. Ngemuva kwalokhu, uginindela uyakhishwa futhi ngenkathi yekwindla, imbewu ingatshalwa esizeni.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika - Indlela ejwayelekile yokukhiqiza kabusha yabalimi abaningi. Kudala bayisebenzisa ngempumelelo ukusabalalisa izitshalo eziningi zama-berry.
Ukwakheka okukhulu kwamavithamini nezinye izakhamzimba ku-yosht kuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Lamajikijolo anamavithamini amaningi kunama-gooseberries noma ama-currants. Zilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha nokuvunelwa ubusika. Benza futhi ujamu omnandi newayini le-yoshta, njengoba kunamanothi we-nutmeg kumajikijolo futhi newayini linephunga elimnandi kakhulu.
Isiko elinjalo le-berry lingatshalwa kunoma yisiphi isakhiwo sendlu, ngoba lithambekele ekunakekelweni. Isihlahla esisebenzayo nesihle singasetshenziswa ngokushesha ngezinhloso ezimbili - ukuthola isitshalo se-berry nokuklanywa kwendawo.
