Izitshalo ezinama-bulbous ngefomethi yangaphakathi seziya zithandwa kakhulu. Izimbali eziqhakazile nezinde zizothokozisa wonke umlimi, nezimbiza ezinamaqabunga aqothulwe ngemuva kokuqhakaza zingasuswa egumbini elingaphansi elipholile bese ukhohlwa ngazo kuze kube sentwasahlobo. I-Babiana ingesinye sezitshalo zabalandeli bezimbali zokuhlala, labo balimi bezimbali abanganikeza ubusika obupholile nothando, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuqhakaza okumangalisa. I-Exotic futhi iqhakaza kakhulu, enamaqabunga amahle, leli siko elimangalisayo ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima emakamelweni lembula wonke amandla alo okuhlobisa.
Ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima, i-babiana ikhule ngempumelelo emakamelweni.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani imfene?
Amasiko amaningi avuthayo angenamkhawulo namuhla abe yizinkanyezi zezingadi ngisho nalapho izimo zikude nezindawo ezishisayo eza kithi zivela eNingizimu Afrika. IBabiana ingelinye lama-exotic ase-Afrika anjalo. Naphezu kobuhle obungakaze bubonwe ngezimbali, kunzima ukubiza imfene ithandwa kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sitholwa thina kuphela, kepha ngenxa yobunzima bezobuchwepheshe bezokulima, i-babian isivele ikhombisa intshisekelo engaphezulu njengengadi, kodwa njengeplaza yendlu.
Ngisho nasezindaweni eziseningizimu ingatshalwa kuphela ngesembozo samaqabunga okungenani angama-20 ebusika .Kodwa kusiko lebhodwe kulula kakhulu ukuguqula izimo ngokuya ngesigaba sokuthuthuka, futhi lesi sitshalo sithola ukunakekelwa okuningana kuleli cala.
Igama le-babiana libonisa ngokuqondile umsuka wesitshalo, kanye nezilwane ezithanda ukuthokozela ama-juicy bulbs alesi siko esishisayo. Igama lesiLatini elithi babiana lisuselwa kumamfene - izinkawu ezihlasela izitshalo ezweni futhi zibonga ama bulbs angaphansi komhlaba ngaphansi kwezithelo ezimnandi zezihlahla ezishisayo ezihamba phambili.
AmaBhebhu (Babiana) zingokwesibalo sezikhathi ezinamandla kakhulu ezinamandla. Zivame ukuqhathaniswa ngokuya ngemvelo, ifomu lokukhula, amahlamvu kanye nokuqhakaza nge gladioli. Kepha umehluko phakathi kwalezi amasiko mkhulu kakhulu kunokufana. Ama bulbu alesi sitshalo mancane, afinyelela ku 2 cm ubukhulu kuphela, anolwelwesi oluminyene lwe-fibrous nentamo ebekiwe.
AmaBheboni akhiqiza amahlumela alula, aqondile noma ahlutshiwe. Igqamile, ayide kakhulu, i-velvety pubescent ishiya inendawo enomphele futhi nesibaya esiphakathi esimaphakathi. Isibazi ngasinye siveza amaqabunga angafika ku-5, lapho kuthi lapho sikhule yiqembu sidala umphumela wamahlamvu aminyene.
Izimbali ze-babiana zinhle futhi zisezingeni eliphakathi, kepha muhle kakhulu. Emabhulashini e-inflorescence, kuyaqabukela okwanele, izimbali eziwumbala owodwa omfushane eziqhakaza iziphambeko zamabhuleki asongelwe phansi azivamile ukutholakala. I-tube ivezwa buthakathaka, i-perianth iyanda njengensimbi, kumangaza cishe ngokulinganayo kuma-lobes, oval noma ovoid. Omathathu abayizitabane ezimfushane baqhosha ngokuqhosha ngaphakathi imbali. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, imidlwane yezithelo eyindilinga iyahlanganiswa.
Uma ulandela izindlela ezijwayelekile zezolimo ngokutshala ekwindla, amabhungane aqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngokushintsha izinsuku zokutshala nokulungisa izigaba zentuthuko, izimbali zesikhathi esizayo noma zokuqala zingatholakala.
Iphalethi yombala yemfene ilinganiselwe. Le anyanisi ihlotshaniswa ngokuyinhloko nomthunzi okhanyayo wombala obandayo we-lilac. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-babiana akuzona ezingajwayelekile - ama-candy shades of pink, tones izithelo of yellow-orange and red.
Uma ulandela izindlela ezijwayelekile zezolimo ngokutshala ekwindla, amabhungane aqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Izinhlobo ze-babiana zokukhula emasikweni egumbi
Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, izimbaza zimelela umndeni we-iris (I-Iridaceae). Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo endalweni sinokuhlukahluka okuningana kwezinhlobo zezitshalo, izitshalo ezimbalwa kuphela ezisetshenziswa egunjini (nasengadini) isiko.
UBabiana uqonde (Babiana stricta) - Enye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zabantwana. Amahlumela aphansi anobude obungamasentimitha angama-30 kuphela awenzi i-nondescript yesitshalo nhlobo. I-xiphoid ebanzi, kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-20 cm, ishiya onqenqemeni oluhle ngokumangazayo ibonakala sengathi ibumbala oluhamba kahle kodwa olugqamile, lapho izimbali ezi-4 kuya kwezi-6 ziyaqhakaza. Izimbali ezimise okomsebenzi obude obude ngokwanele, bukhulu ngokwedlula ezinye izinhlobo zethubhu, ziyaqhakaza kumabala om Brokosi abamboziwe nabama-pubescent. Ngobubanzi obungafika ku-4 cm, izimbali zivela zikhanya kakhulu ngenxa yemibala ecebile onsomi noma obomvu. Lolu hlobo lwe-babiana lunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ezidumile ngemithunzi yazo ye-gamma emhlophe obomvu-onsomi.
IBabiana ibomvu okwesibhakabhaka (I-Babiana rubrocyanea) - Okuhlanganisiwe futhi kubhekwe ukubukwa okukhethekile komfene. Isitshalo sinokubukeka okujwayelekile nje. Ukuphakama kufinyelela ku-30 cm, amahlumela aqondile ngebhulashi lezimbali ze-funnel kanye namaqabunga e-xiphoid asongwe awaveli. Kepha umbala we-raspberry wezimbali onomphimbo obomvu okhanyayo nezinsimbi ezibanzi ze-obovate zikhanga ukubukeka okuthandekayo kuma-inflorescence amanzi.
IBabiana inamakha (Babiana amakhaeyayaziwa ngokuthi babiana eligoqiwe (Babiana plicata)) - futhi umbono omuhle kakhulu onobukhulu obuphakathi, amaqabunga amancane wombala oluhlaza omnyama amahlumela aqondile. Amabhulashi amahle ama-lanceolate aqhakambisa ubuhle bezimbali ezinhle zikashubhu ezinamaphayini amancane acashile, ahlukaniswe kabanzi. Imibala ye-watercolor eyenziwe ngoMgqibelo igxunyekwe indawo ephuzi noma emhlophe eziqongweni.
Ngokuthengiswa kwemfene, imvamisa, imelelwa yizingxube zokukhethwa kwamaDashi eziqukethe izinhlobo eziningi zemibala ehlukene. Okuthandwa kakhulu yizingxube "Hlanganisa Okuqinile" futhi "Ama-Hybrids amasha"kepha abahlinzeki abahlukahlukene bangaba nezimpawu zezitshalo ezahlukile. Ukukhethwa kwemfene emakhathalogi kwenziwa kangcono ngokusho kombala wezimbali.
I-Babiana iqonde (i-Babiana stricta).
I-Babiana red-blue (i-Babiana rubrocyanea).
I-Aromatic Babiana (i-Babiana fragrans).
Izimo zokukhulisa imfene yegumbi
Ngaphandle kwenkathi epholile yokuphumula ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, izingane ezinakekela izingane ngeke zidinge noma yiziphi izimo ezinzima ukuphinda zenze izimo zangaphakathi. Lesi sitshalo sinesithombe esikhulu futhi singabukeka kakhulu, singakhula kunoma yiliphi igumbi.
Ngokomjikelezo wokuthuthuka, imfene ijwayelekile kakhulu kunamanani asezindlini. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo sidlula kancane enkomeni eyomile, emva kwalokho isidluliselwe kwezinye iziqukathi ezintsha, ezibekwe kuphole kuze kube kuvela amahlumela bese kungena ngaphandle kokushisa nokukhanya ngesikhathi sezitshalo ezisebenzayo.
Kukhona futhi uhlobo olwenziwe lula lokukhula - ngaphandle kwesigaba esibuhlungu, lapho izinhlamvu zikhishelwa ngaphandle ngenxa yokuqhakaza okukodwa bese kulahlwa. Kulokhu, imfene ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutshala ibekwa ezimeni zokukhula okusebenzayo futhi igcinwe kuzo kuze kube sekuqhakaza.
Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa ngaphakathi kwezangaphakathi
Ukukhanya okuhle kuyadingeka njalo kumazinyane njalo, ngaphandle kwalezo izinyanga lapho isitshalo sisesiteji esingenamahlamvu sokuphumula esomile. Ukukhanya okusakazekile, kepha okukhanyayo kwabantwana abancane kudalwa futhi kugcinwe bobabili ebusika, ngemuva kokutshala, nangesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwama-peduncle, kuze kube sekupheleni kokuqhakaza nokulahla kwamaqabunga. Ukukhanyisa le bulb kufanele kukhanye ngokulinganayo. Kepha imfene ivikeleke kangcono emisebeni yelanga yasemini.
I-Babiana ikhule ikakhulukazi kuma-sill e-windows, ebusika isitshalo sisabela kahle ekukhanyiseni (ngokushintsha kwesikhathi sezimbali), kepha ukukhanya kwemvelo okugqamile kuyifanele. Kumafasitela aseningizimu, le bulbous ayimnandi, kungcono ukubeka imfene emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga.
Ukukhanya okuhle kudingekile njalo kumazinyane, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuphumula.
Ukushisa nomoya omncane
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, i-babian izizwa imnandi emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, ayesabi ukushisa, yize iqhakaza isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa ukusuka kuma-20 kuya kwangama-23 degrees Celsius. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwalesi siko kungcono ukukhawula + 28 ° C.
Amabhibosi adinga isikhathi esipholile sokulungiselela ukuqhakaza. Lesi sitshalo sibekwa emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-10 degrees Celsius ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala, kusale ngaphansi kwalezo zimo ngaphambi kokuba ihlumela liqale ukukhula. Ngemuva kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa kumazinga okushisa amakamelo ajwayelekile nendawo evamile.
IBabiana ingelinye lamabhokisi okuphoqa ukuthi uzwele ekushintsheni okubukhali kwezimo. Esigabeni sokuhluma nokuqhakaza, akabekezeleli okusalungiswa, kepha ukuntuleka komoya omusha akusizakali lobu buhle. Ukupholisa umoya okuphephile ngokuvikelwa kwesitshalo kufanele kube njalo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezingane Ekhaya
Awukwazi ukubiza imfene ukuthi ayinakekele i-anyanisi, kepha ngokwesiko lamagumbi lithambekele komoya owomile. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokucophelela nangokuya ngohlelo olujwayelekile, futhi ukugqoka okuphezulu akudingi amaqhinga akhethekile. Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, okudingeka yisitshalo ngesikhathi sezitshalo ezisebenzayo, kungenzeka ngisho nakubalimi abangenalwazi. I-Babiana ilungele labo abafuna ukwazana nezici zezitshalo ezikhulayo ezinama-bulbous kanye nezitshalo ezinkulu ezinamasiko angaphakathi esiko.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, i-babian idinga ukuthambisa okusebenzayo futhi okuningi ukufudumala nokukhanya okuhle. Inhlabathi ayivunyelwe ukoma ngokuphelele, yomisa phakathi kokunisela kuphela ungqimba oluphambili lwesakhiwo esingaphansi kwamathangi. Kuyelulekwa ukukhipha amanzi ngokushesha ngemuva kokunisela. Ngokudonswa kwamanzi kahle, imfene inganiselwa hhayi ngendlela yakudala, kepha ngokufaka isitsha emanzini ukondla inhlabathi.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ukuthambisa kancane kancane kuncishiswa imvamisa nobuningi bamanzi, ukuwaguqula ukuze kuze kube yilapho isiqu kanye namaqabunga efa, ukuchelela kuphele. Amabhuleki esikhathini sokuphumula okuphelele awoniswanga nhlobo, agcinwa esakhiweni esomile ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokufakelwa.
Ngesikhathi uhlala upholile ngokunisela kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu. Inhlabathi akufanele yomile ngokuphelele ngalesi sikhathi, kepha akunqweneleki ukususa isimo se-substrate esingaphezu kwemikhawulo yokukhanya komswakama. Ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kwezimpande kusekelwa ukunisela okungandile, hhayi okuningi futhi okunembile. Ukunisela okujwayelekile kuqalelwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sikhiphe ukushisa.
IBabiana izwela umoya owomile futhi ithanda indawo enomswakama. Lesi sitshalo sithande ukuba ngaphakathi nezinkomba zokuswakama kusuka ku-50%. Kwabazingane, naphezu konqenqemeni lwamaqabunga, ungasebenzisa ukufafaza okuhlanzekile kusuka kude. Ehlobo, ukufafaza kungenziwa nsuku zonke. Isitshalo sizwa kahle lapho kufakwa noma yimaphi ama-moisturizer asekhaya, kufaka namathreyi ane-moss emanzi.
Amalambu emfene.
Ukufakwa nokufakwa komanyolo
Umanyolo wezinsana ungeniswa esigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo. Kwisitjalo, ukondla 1 emasontweni ama-3-4 kwanele.
Kwabazingane, basebenzisa umanyolo wama-bulbs, noma okungenani izingxube zezitshalo eziqhakazayo - okunokuqukethwe okuphakeme kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium. Ehlobo, ukugqoka okungu-1-2 kungenziwa ngamanyolo we-organic.
Ukugoqa nokubopha
Kulesi sitshalo, kuzodingeka kuphela ukususwa okufika ngesikhathi kwamaqabunga omile kanye ne-peduncle. I-babian ilahla amaqabunga ayo ngesikhathi sokukhula, ikhule ngokuluhlaza okotshayo ngemuva kwesihlumela. Amacembe omile asikwa ngobunono ngommese obukhali.
Transplant kanye substrate
Amabhuleki esikhathini sokuphumula okuphelele awoniswanga nhlobo, agcinwa esakhiweni esomile ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokufakelwa. AmaBraons atshalwa njalo ngonyaka. Ukumba ama-bulbs ngemuva kokufa kwesiqu nokuwagcina ngaphandle kwenhlabathi akusilo isu elihle kakhulu, ngoba ungalahlekelwa yinto yokutshala, kanti i-babiana ingcono kakhulu egcinwe emhlabathini owomile. Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuhlala komile okufudumele, ngo-Okthoba, ngesikhathi esijwayelekile sokuqhakaza, imfene iyasuswa esitsheni esidala, ihlolwe, isuswe izindawo ezomile nezonakele zezimpande nezikali, zidluliselwe endaweni entsha.
Amabhebhu kaze akhuliswe ezitsheni ezingeqile. Kukhethwe amabhodwe angajulile nesilinganiso esiyi-10 kuya ku-15 cm, abeka izitshalo ngamaqembu ezinhlamvu ezingama-4-5.
Isendlalelo esincane, esinesihlabathi esincanyana esinokuthambekela okuphansi kakhulu senzelwe i-babiana. Kulesi siko, ungakhetha njengomhlabathi okhethekile wama-bulbs noma ama-anculents, noma wenze ingxube yenhlabathi ngokwakho. Ingxube ejwayelekile yokulingana okulinganayo kwenhlabathi ye-turf nenhlabathi kanye nokufakwa kukakhuni womlotha noma isidlo sethambo kufanelekile i-babian, kanye nengxube ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo zesahlukaniso sendawo yonke nesihlabathi. Amanye ama-ejenti ahlukanisayo, afana ne-perlite, nawo angangezwa kusiqalo.
Kudonsa okukhulu kubekwa phansi phansi kwamathangi. Lapho utshala imfene, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ama-corms awahlangani nanoma yiluphi udonga lwesiqukathi noma nomunye, shiya isikhala esanele sokukhishwa kwezingane eziningana. Ukujula kokutshala kwezinhlamvu ze-babiana cishe ngo-5 cm (kabili ukuphakama kwama bulbs).
Izifo, izilokazane nezinkinga ezikhulayo
Imfene ehlanganisa isimo segumbi nengadi futhi ihlala ehlobo emoyeni ohlanzekile imvamisa ibonakala ngokuthambekela okuthe xaxa kwezifo ezinesimo se-gladioli - fusariosis, brown heart rot, scab, kanye nezimpande i-anyanisi izimila noma ama-gladiolus thrips athande lesi sitshalo.
Kwisiko lasekamelweni, lingaba nezilokazane futhi libole emhlabathini ngenxa yokubamba amanzi kwenhlabathi. Uma kwenzeka kunanoma iyiphi inkinga, ukumba ngokuphuthumayo ngokuphathwa kokulimala kuyindlela efanayo yokusindisa lesi sitshalo njengokwelashwa okulandelayo nge-fungicides kanye nama-insecticides.
Izibungu zesicabucabu kanye nama-mealybugs akuvamile ukutholakala kumfene.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo:
- ukukhula okumangalisa noma okumangazayo lapho inhlabathi yomile noma kumakhaza;
- ukubonakala kwezindawo ezimnyama ezinsundu emaqabungeni ngokuqongelwa kwamanzi nokuthamba.
Okungenani ama-bulbs ama-78 babiana atshalwe ebhodweni elilodwa.
Ukuzala babiana
Le bulb ingatholwa kalula ngenxa yokwenziwa okusebenzayo kwamabhuleki endodakazi. Ama-corms akamuva ahlukaniswa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, atshala nezinhlamvu ezifanayo zesayizi ezitsheni ezihlukile ngokwemithetho efanayo nezinhlamvu ezinkulu ezigcwele.
Ungathola isizukulwane esisha sabantwana kusuka embewini eboshwe ngisho nasezimeni zekamelo. Kuyiqiniso, le ndlela icacisiwe futhi idinga isikhathi eside. Ezinhlangeni zemvukuzane ngeke iqhume ngaphambi konyaka wesithathu noma wesine. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngokuya ngendlela ejwayelekile enhlabathini enesihlabathi esikhanyayo ngaphansi kwengilazi noma ifilimu ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuvunwa noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
