Uhlobo lwesitshalo olunjenge-barberry (Berberis) luhlobene ngqo nomndeni ka-barberry, futhi lumelelwa ngezihlahla nezihlahla. Igama elithi barberry livela egameni lesi-Arabhu "beiberi", elihumusha ngokuthi "okwenziwe ngegobolondo." Ukwanda okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-barberry ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo kubonwa ezindaweni ezinezintaba zeNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-170 zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, kanti ezinye zazo zitshalwa abalimi. Ijamu elimnandi, iziphuzo zilungiswa ezithelweni ze-barberry, lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa futhi ukwenziwa kwemithi ekhaya. Futhi isitshalo esinjalo sinokubonakala okuhle. Amagqabunga amarobheli e-varietal angafakwa ngopende ngemibala ehlukahlukene, isibonelo, okuluhlaza okotshani, onsomi, ophuzi, futhi angabonakala ngotshani, obonwe noma abe nomngcele. Izinhlobo ezahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo zingahluka ekuphakameni kwesihlahla, okuhlukahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angama-30 kuya kwangama-300.
Izici ze-Barberry
Isihlahla esinjalo singaba soluhlala sikhona, sinqume futhi sihlala silingana. Kuyo kukhona ameva, kanye nesikhumba noma izimbali zamaqabunga ezilula ezitholakala ngokulandelana. Imiphunga ingamapheshana aguquliwe, kuphela umthambo ophakathi nendawo osele kuwo. Emajumeni ezinhlaka, ukukhula kweziqu ezimfushane kwenzeka, ngenxa yalokhu, amapuleti amaqabunga aqoqwa ngohlobo lwezinyanda. Esiqwini salo nyaka, amapuleti amaqabunga ahlelwe ngokuqondile endulini. Izimbali ezinamakha amancane aphuzi egolide noma owolintshi ngombala obomvu obomvu. Njengomthetho, izimbali ziyingxenye ye-inflorescence yesimo se-racemose noma i-corymbose, noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo, eyodwa iyatholakala. I-petal ngayinye inezithandani ezimbili. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwe-barberry, izinyosi zithuthelekela iphunga lezimbali, isitshalo esinjalo sithathwa njengesitshalo soju esihle. Ngokuya ngohlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, izithelo zingaba nomumo nombala ohlukile. Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle edolobheni, njengoba sibonisa ukungabekezeleleki kwaso, ukumelana nesomiso. Futhi i-barberry ikhula futhi ikhula kahle kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo siphelele ukudala uthango.
Ungatshala kanjani u-barberry
Isikhathi sokutshala
Njengomthetho, ukutshala izithombo ze-barberry kwenziwa entwasahlobo ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi incibilike ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ukubamba kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba izinso zivule. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izikhathi, ukufika phansi kungenziwa ekwindla. Ngokuqondile, ngesikhathi lapho ukuwa kwamaqabunga amakhulu kwenzeka. Isitshalo esinjalo esingakhuli singatshalwa endaweni enombala onefreyimu, futhi nasendaweni evulekile, ngoba izimbotshana zomoya kanye nezinhlaka ezingakapheli. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ezinamapuleti amaqabunga ansomi zibukeka zibukeka kakhulu uma zikhula endaweni enelanga. Inhlabathi efaneleke ngokungathathi hlangothi, kepha i-barberry ikhula ngokujwayelekile futhi ikhula emhlabathini nge-pH engaphansi kwe-7. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi inhlabathi ine-acidic ngokweqile, i-lime izodinga ukungezwa kuyo. Umanyolo obalulekile ungafakwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala isithombo, futhi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngakho-ke, amagremu ayi-100 we-superphosphate, amagremu angama-200 womlotha wokhuni, amagremu angama-400 of lime abolile kanye namakhilogremu ayi-8 kuye kwayi-10 enhlabathi engadini exutshwe nomquba noma i-humus kumele ifakwe emgodini.
Izici Zokufika
Uma utshala ama-bushly, khona-ke phakathi kwawo kufanele ulondoloze ibanga elingamasentimitha ayi-150 kuya kwangama-200. Uma kwenzeka isihlahla esinjalo sisetshenziselwa ukudala uthango, lapho-ke akukho ngaphezulu kwezihlahla ezi-2 ezitshalwe imitha e-1 esebenzayo. Ukutshala imigodi kufanele kulungiselelwe izinsuku eziyi-14 - 20 ngaphambi kokutshala. Usayizi womgodi onjalo kufanele ube ngamasentimitha angama-40x40, kanti ukujula komsele wethango kungamamitha angama-0,4. Ukuze uthuthukise ukuqina kohlelo lwempande, kufanele ugcwalise phansi komgodi noma umsele ngesendlalelo sesihlabathi. Esimweni lapho inhlabathi ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane, khona-ke ngaphambi kokutshala i-barberry, kuyadingeka ukufaka lawo manyolo okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla, kepha awudingi ukuthulula umlotha kanye no-lime. Ngemuva kokuba umgodi usulungisiwe, kubekwa isithombo kuwo bese kuthathwa inani elifanele lomhlabathi, elibe selhlanganiswa. Ngemuva kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo kufanele siphuziswe ngamanzi amaningi, bese sifafazwa nangaphezulu kombuthano wesithungo nge-mulch (umquba noma i-peat). Ngemuva kokutshalwa kwe-barberry, kuyadingeka ukusika leyo ngxenye yayo ebekwe ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ingxenye esele kufanele ibe nezinso kusuka kwezi-3 kuya kweziyi-5 ezikhulile kahle izinso.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-barberry
Ukukhula
Ngisho nomuntu oqala ukulima engadini angakhula ama-barberry. Iqiniso ngukuthi alizinciphisi kakhulu futhi alinakisi ekunakekelweni, kuyilapho kubalulekile ukunakekela zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ngendlela efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ukunakekela i-barberry yaseThunberg, evame ukukhula njengesihlahla sokuhlobisa, kufana ngokuphelele nalokho okusetshenziswayo lapho kukhula izinhlobo ezinezithelo ezidliwayo. Kulokhu, kwanele kanye kuphela ukutadisha ngokucophelela ukuthi ungakhula kanjani isihlahla esinjalo kahle, khona-ke kuzokwazi ukukhulisa izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zazo.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-barberry kuqukethe ukunisela, ukuthena, ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukususa ukhula nokugqoka okuphezulu okufika ngesikhathi. Uma inkathi yehlobo iboniswa yizikhathi ezomile ezinde, khona-ke phakathi kwazo ukuthambisa kufanele kwenziwe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7, ngenkathi kusetshenziswa amanzi apholile, okufanele athululwe ngqo ngaphansi kwempande, ngokunakekela ukuthi uketshezi aluveli ngaphezu kwamapuleti eqabunga. Uma ehlobo kukhona inani elanele lemvula, khona-ke ukuthambisa lesi shrub akudingekile. Izitshalo ezitshaliwe kamuva nje kufanele ziniselwe ngendlela efanayo kanye ngesonto, zize zigule bese ziqala ukukhula. Uma ihlobo kubuye kwaba nemvula ngokweqile futhi kumanzi, khona-ke lokhu kungadala ukubola kohlelo lwe-barberry, ngoba luphatheka kabi kakhulu ekuqongeleleni koketshezi emhlabathini. Ungakhohlwa ukukhipha ngesikhathi sonke utshani bokhula, kanye namahlumela akhula ngamanani amakhulu eduze nesihlahla. Futhi, qiniseka ukukhulula ingaphezulu lomhlabathi. Ukwehlisa inani lokhula, ukhulula inhlabathi futhi unisele, udinga ukufafaza ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ngesendlalelo se-mulch (sawdust, peat noma nutshell).
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Inani lomanyolo elisetshenziswa enhlabathini ngesikhathi sokutshala lihlala cishe izinyanga eziyi-12. Ngokuqala kwesikhathi sentwasahlobo esilandelayo, i-barberry kufanele inikezwe umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, ngokwesibonelo, isisombululo se-urea sisetshenziselwa lokhu (ngamalitha ayi-10 wamanzi ukusuka kumagremu angama-20 kuye kwangama-30 ento). Eminyakeni elandelayo, u-barberry kufanele ondliwe ngomanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen ngokuvama kwesikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emi-3 noma emi-4. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi shrub sikhulile ukuthela izithelo, khona-ke lapho ukuqhakaza sekudlulile futhi ekupheleni kwesizini, i-potassium ne-phosphorus kuzodingeka zengezwe enhlabathini (amagremu ayi-15 we-superphosphate kanye nama-gramu ayi-10 womquba we-potassium athathwa esihlahleni ngasinye). Ngokugqoka okuphezulu, ungasebenzisa umanyolo onzima onjengoenqola yesiteshi saseKemira. Umanyolo onjalo kumele usetshenziselwe inhlabathi ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaJulayi, kuyilapho amagremu ayi-15 ento ethathwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Izihlahla
Ngesikhathi sokuthena, kuzodingeka ukuthi usike lawo mahlumela athinteka kunoma yisiphi isifo noma izinambuzane, kanye nokubuthakathaka, omisiwe kanye nalezo ezifaka isandla ekuqineni. Uma ukubukeka kungumhlobiso, okokuqala ngqa ukuthi kudinga ukusikwa entwasahlobo lapho ifinyelela unyaka owodwa ubudala. Kulokhu, udinga ukusika i-1/3 noma i-2/3 yehlumela. Eminyakeni elandelayo, isihlahla sigawulwa amahlandla ama-2 ngonyaka, okungukuthi, ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaJuni nasekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Ukuthenwa okunjalo kuhlanzekile futhi kuyakha. Lezo zinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ezicijile azikwazi ukuzithena.
Izifo nezinambuzane eziyingozi
Izinambuzane ezinjenge-barberry sawfly, i-barberry aphid noma inundu lembali zingalimaza lesi sihlahla. Ezidlekeni zamahlamvu ezihlaselwe yilesi sifo, amapuleti amaqabunga aqala ukubangana futhi omile. Inundu liyingozi enkulu kulezi zinhlobo ezinezithelo ezidliwayo, ngoba ziyazidla. Ekuqothulweni kwama-aphid, kusetshenziswa isixazululo sensipho yokuwasha (300 amagremu ento ebhakedeni lamanzi). Ukuze ubhubhise amacimbi e-sawfly, kanye nenundu, kubalulekile ukucubungula isihlahla ngesisombululo esiyi-1-3% se-chlorophos.
Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zihlahlana zingenwa yizifo zokukhunta, njengokugqwala, amabala, amaqabunga, i-bacteryosis noma i-wilting. Isihlahla esingenwe yi-powdery isikhutha ebusweni bamapuleti amaqabunga, amajikijolo neziqu kubonakala kumhlophe kokufaka umpetha. Eduze nekwindla, i-cleistothecia ivela ezindaweni zesitshalo ezithintelwe yilesi sifo, futhi ukhunta uzobekezelela ubusika buhle kuzo. Ukuze uqede lesi sifo, kufanele siphathwe ngesisombululo se-colloidal sulfure (1%). Lezo ziqu ezithinteke kakhulu kumele zisikwe futhi zichithwe. Njengomthetho, ukugqwala kuyavela kulawo mabhasi akhula eduze kwezitshalo zikakolweni. Ngokwesibonakaliso esinegciwane, amabala anemibala yewolintshi avela ohlangothini olungaphambili lwamapheshana, kuyilapho amafomu ebomvu e-convex esehlangothini olungalungile. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okunzima, ukoma nokuwa kwamapuleti amaqabunga kwenzeka. Ungaqeda lesi sifo ngokwelashwa ngesisombululo esikhethekile, esenziwa amahlandla ama-3. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isisombululo se-Bordeaux liquid noma i-colloidal sulfure (1%). Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi wonke ama-buds evulekile namaqabunga akhule, bese kuthi okulandelayo kube nekhefu lezinsuku ezingama-20.
Lapho ungenwe yileli bala, amabala ebunji obuhlukahlukene avela kumakhasi amaqabunga, ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo silahlekelwa ukubukeka kwako kokuhlobisa. Ukuqeda lesi sifo, kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-oxychloride yethu (ngebhakede lamanzi ukusuka kumagremu angama-30 kuye kwangama-40). Iyacubungula kumele yenziwe ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwe-barberry, nangemuva kokuqhakaza. Esihlahleni esinegciwane lokufiswa, amaqabunga neziqu ziba okubabayo futhi zomile. Kulokhu, ukuqunjelwa kuqala kusuka ohlangothini olulodwa, bese kancane kancane sisakazeka kuso sonke isitshalo. Ukuze uvikele lesi sifo ukuthi singathinti isihlahla sonke, kubalulekile ukusika ngesikhathi esifanele iziqu ezinegciwane. Futhi, esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthuka kwe-wilting, i-oxychloride noma i-Bordeaux ewuketshezi kuzosiza ukuyiqeda. Ngenhloso yokuvimbela, entwasahlobo, amatshwayo kufanele afafazwe nge-Bordeaux fluid. Lapho ungenwe yi-bacteriosis (umdlavuza wamagciwane), kuvela amathumba nokuqhekeka esihlahleni, bese kuqala ukukhula. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi i-bacteriosis ithinta kuphela ingxenye engenhla yesiqu, khona-ke kufanele isikwe, ngenkathi ithumba izicubu ezinempilo. Kodwa-ke, uma umdlavuza ubonakala engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu, ebekwe eduze kwesiqu, khona lapho isihlahla sonke sizotheleleka. Izindawo ezithelelekile kufanele zinqunywe futhi zichithwe, khona-ke sonke isihlahla sidinga ukuphathwa nge-Bordeaux liquid noma enye i-medium equkethe yethusi
Ukusabalala kwe-barberry
Isihlahla esinjalo singasakazwa ngembewu, kanye nokwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla, ukubekeka kanye nokusikwa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi indlela ngayinye enjalo inezinhlangothi zombili ezinhle nezingalungile.
Ukhula barberry kusuka imbewu
Ukuqoqa imbewu, uzodinga izithelo ezivuthiwe kahle ze-barberry. Hlukanisa amathambo kusuka ku-pulp bese uwafaka endaweni yesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate, lapho kufanele uchithe khona imizuzu eminingana. Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu idinga ukuthi yomiswe. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kwenziwa ekwindla ngqo embhedeni womfundi, futhi ngasikhathi sinye kudingeka zilungiswe ekujuleni kwesentimitha. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga angempela ezimbizeni ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, kufanele kwenziwe ukuthamba, futhi kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ibanga okungenani amasentimitha amathathu kufanele libonwe phakathi kwezitshalo. Ama-Barberry kufanele akhule embhedeni wokuqeqesha iminyaka embalwa, emva kwalokho atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Uma kwenzeka uhlele ukutshala entwasahlobo, imbewu izodinga ukuhlukaniswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele kuxutshwe nesihlabathi bese kubekwa eshalofini lokuqandeka (izinga lokushisa 2-5 degrees), lapho kufanele achithe izinyanga ezimbili kuya kweziyi-5. Izithombo ezinjalo, ezitshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo, zizothela izithelo okokuqala eminyakeni emi-2 noma emi-3 ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokubonakala kwamaqanda, kudingeka amahlahla amaningana atholakala eduze komunye nomunye, ngoba lesi sitshalo sidinga impova yesiphambano.
Ukusakazeka of barberry ukusika
Ukuvunwa kwezithelo zokusika kwenziwa maphakathi noJuni, futhi le nqubo kufanele yenziwe ekuseni kakhulu. Amapuleti amaqabunga akhiwe phansi okusikiwe kufanele asuswe, futhi lawo angaphezulu ancishiswa yingxenye ye-½. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukusikwa okulungiselelwe kufanele kucwiliswe kusisombululo se-ejenti ekhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande (i-heteroauxin, i-epin noma i-rootin), lapho kufanele ihlale khona amahora amaningi. Emva kwalokho, adinga ukugeza ngokuphelele ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi atshalwe endaweni eluhlaza engxenyeni enomswakama yomhlaba enenhlabathi evundile, i-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi (2: 2: 2: 1). Ngokubamba ukushisa, uzodinga ukwenza i-dome ekhiphekayo, okumele ibe sobala. Ku-greenhouse, izitshalo zizoba cishe isigamu senyanga. I-dome kumele isuswe ngokuhlelekile ukuze ukusika kungene umoya. Lapho zimile ngokuphelele, indawo yokukhosela kufanele isuswe. Izinhlobo ezisikwe embhedeni wokuqeqesha, lapho kufanele zikhule khona iminyaka engaba mibili, khona-ke zingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ukusakazeka kokugawulwa kwe-barberry
Entwasahlobo, esihlahleni phakathi kwamagatsha aphansi, udinga ukukhetha isiqu sonyaka esiqinile. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele icindezelwe ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi bese ifakwa egreyini elingashisi (cishe amasentimitha angama-20), okufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Lungisa isiqu, bese ugcwalisa i-groove ngomhlabathi, kuyilapho kuphela phezulu kwesehlo kufanele kube ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi. Ekwindla, ukulungiswa okuhleliwe okugxilile kufanele kuhlukaniswe kusitshalo somzali futhi kutshalwe kabusha ukuze kukhule.
Ukusakazeka of barberry ngokuhlukanisa esihlahleni
Le ndlela yokusakazeka ihamba kahle ngezinhlobo ze-barberry ezikhula kancane, kanti lesi sitshalo kumele okungenani sibe neminyaka engu-3-5 ubudala, futhi intamo yaso yezimpande kufanele ibe okungenani ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Entwasahlobo, isihlahla sidinga ukumba, bese sihlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana, okufanele silingane ngosayizi. Ukuze uhlukanise impande uqobo, ungadinga hhayi kuphela i-pruner, kodwa futhi nesaradi yengadi. Thatha isinyathelo ngokucophelela, uzama ukwenza lesi simila ngomonakalo omncane ngangokunokwenzeka. Lapho isihlahla sehlukaniswe, zonke izingxenye kufanele zifakwe emalahleni aqoshiwe, emva kwalokho ama-Delenki atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Esimweni lapho iziqu zomcabango ziqala ukubuthelwa ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi, le ndlela yokuphinda isetshenziswe ayisebenzi.
Barberry ebusika
Barberry ekwindla
Ngemuva kokufika sekwephuzile sekwephuzile, ingaphezulu lombuthano wesiqu kufanele lifafazwe ngesendlalelo se-mulch, kuyilapho impahla leyo kufanele ibe yikhululekile (umquba, ubandlululo noma amahlamvu owomile).
Ibarberry ebusika
Izinhlobo ezintsha ezingakafiki iminyaka engu-5 kufanele zimbozwe ngesihlahla sonwele sasebusika, ikakhulukazi uma izinhlobo zihlala ziluhlaza. Esimweni lapho isampula sikhulu impela, kufanele imbozwe ubusika ngendlela efanayo ne-hydrangea noma ingadi rose.Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-twine (intambo) kuyadingeka ukuqinisa amagatsha ngokuqinile, ngemuva kwalokho kwakhiwa uhlobo lwesilinda olwenziwe ngemisebe yensimbi ezungeze isihlahla, ngenkathi ukuphakama kwalo kufanele kudlule isihlahla ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Ama-voids akhona ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo esakhiwe kufanele agcwaliswe ngamaqabunga awileyo awele, khona-ke isilinda ngokwayo kufanele isongwe ngezinto zokumboza.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-barberry ezinezithombe namagama
Kukhona inani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-barberry, futhi kwesinye isikhathi akulula kangako ukuthi umlimi angazikhethela. Lapho ukhetha uhlobo noma izinhlobo ezithile, udinga ukwazi kahle ukuthi iyiphi injongo oyiphishekelayo, futhi ugxile kuyo. Uma kunjalo, uma uzokhulisa ama-barberry amajikijolo, khona-ke kufanele ukhethe lezi zinhlobo ezikhethekile. Uma udinga ukuhlobisa ingadi yakho noma udale uthango, khona-ke ezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobo zilungele lokhu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingakwazi ukuba ngumhlobiso omnandi wensimu, kodwa futhi zinikeze isivuno esicebile sezithelo ezimnandi.
I-Barberry ejwayelekile (Berberis vulgaris)
Le nhlobo ihamba phambili kulolu hlobo lobuciko. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla esinjalo kungafinyelela amasentimitha angama-300. Iziqu zidwetshwe ngombala onsundu-grey, kuzo kukhona izinhlaka ezintathu ezihlukaniswe ngamasentimitha amabili ubude. Amapuleti amaqabunga e-webbed, acwebile we-elliptical ane-onqenqemeni olugobekile. Uhlangothi lwabo lwangaphambili lupendwe luhlaza okotshani, kanti uhlangothi olungafanele luhlaza grey. Ubude bama-inflorescences wesimo se-racemose bufika kumasentimitha ayi-6, aqukethe izimbali ezinamakha aphuzi acwebezelayo. Izimbali zihlala izinsuku eziyi-14 ukuya kwezingu-20. Kunamajikijolo amaningi abomvu agcwele, ubude bawo bungaba ngu-15 mm. Lolu hlobo lunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi: i-albo variegate - amapuleti amaqabunga ombala omhlophe-motley; i-aureo-marginata - amahlamvu anomngcele wegolide; atropurpurea - amapheshana angumbala onsomi omnyama noma obomvu. Ngendlela engenambewu ye-barberry asperm ejwayelekile, izithelo kulula kakhulu ukucubungula.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezinokufana okuthile nge-barberry ejwayelekile, isibonelo: Provencal barberry (a hybrid of barberry ejwayelekile kanye ne-barberry yaseSiberia), i-spiny - uhlobo oluvela kwa-Himalayas, Canadian, Zimbold barberry, James barberry kanye ne-Diels barberry.
U-Barberis Thunberg (Berberis thunbergii)
Lo mbono omuhle kakhulu phakathi kwama-barberry aqobayo, omele umphumela wawo wokuhlobisa. Kulesi shrub, ukuphakama kungahluka kusuka kwengxenye yemitha kuya kumamitha. Kukhona amagatsha aqonde phezulu. Iziqu ezincane ezinsomi ezibomvu noma eziluhlaza eziphuziwe ziphunduwe, futhi ziqinile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziba nsundu-nsomi noma nsundu. Imiphunga emincane ye-Elastic inobude besentimitha. Amapheshana amnandi anomumo we-obovate noma oblong, ubude bawo abufinyeleli ku-30 mm. Uhlangothi lwawo olungaphambili lunombala oluhlaza ojulile, kanti uhlangothi olungalungile aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuthi ekwindla bashintshe umbala wabo ube obomvu ocebile. Izimbali zingaba zodwa noma ziboshwe izikhwebu. Ingaphezulu elingaphakathi lamaphayini liphuzi, kanti elingaphandle libomvu. Izimbali zihlala izinsuku ezingama-7-14. Amajikijolo we-centimeter glossy elliptical has a red coral color. Avuthwa ngezinsuku zokuqala zekwindla futhi aba ngumhlobiso oyisihlahla izinyanga eziningi. Izithelo ziqukethe inani elikhulu le-alkaloid, ngokuqondene nalokhu bane-aftertaste ebabayo, kepha ngezinsuku zasebusika izinyoni zithanda ukuzidla ngobumnandi. Ukutshala nokukhulisa izinhlobo ezinjalo kulula kakhulu. Le shrub izoba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wengadi yakho. Lolu hlobo lunezindlela eziningi zokuhlobisa: i-multiflorous (pluriflora), onsomi omnyama (atropurpurea), isiliva-fringed (argenteo-marginata), njll.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu yilezi:
- Indandatho yeGolide - ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-300, inomqhele oyindilinga. Ubude bamapuleti anamaqabunga amaqanda acishe abe amasentimitha amane; banombala onsomi obomvu onsomi kanye nombala ophuzi. Ekwindla, bashintsha umbala abe bomvu obukhulu. Izimbali ezingamasentimitha amasentimitha ziqoqwa ngamaqhubu (kusuka ezingcebeni ezi-2 kuya kweziyi-5), indawo yazo yangaphandle ibomvu, kanti ingaphakathi liphuzi. Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo ezibomvu zamakhorali kwenzeka ngo-Okthoba.
- Ubomvu uPilar - Ifomu lekholar. Isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-150, futhi umqhele waso unobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-45. Amahlamvu amaqabunga abomvu ngokubomvu, kanti ekwindla aba ngubomvu ogcwele ukhula.
- I-Orange Rocket - Ifomu lekholar. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla akukho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1,2, kanti ububanzi bungamamitha ayi-0.6. Amapuleti amaqabunga amancane abushelelezi abunjwe ngamaqanda eziqwini zalo nyaka anombala wewolintshi onomngcele ophuzi, kuyilapho amahlumela wangonyaka ophelile abhalwe ngopende obomvu. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokuluhlaza, isihlahla esinjalo sibukeka kahle kakhulu. Ekwindla, amaqabunga adwetshwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene ebomvu.
- Kornik - ukuphakama kwalesi sitshalo esiqumayo kungamasentimitha ayi-150. Phezu kwamapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza okhanyayo kukhona amabala amakhethini ayisikhilimu amabala angafaniyo. Kubukeka sengathi amaqabunga afafazwe ngopende. Ekwindla, umbala oluhlaza wamahlamvu uthathelwa indawo obomvu obomvu. Ukuhlukahluka okunjalo kunconywa ukuthi kutshalwe eduze kwama-conifers, ama-roses noma ezinye izinhlobo ze-barberry.
I-Ottawa Barberry (Berberis x ottawensis)
I-hybrid enjalo yokuhlobisa yazalwa ngenxa yokuzalaniswa kweThunberg barberry kanye ne-atropurpurea vulgaris. Lolu hlobo lungeminye yabameli abahle kakhulu ngalolu hlobo. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-150 kuye kwangama-200. Ngaphandle, isihlahla esinjalo sibukeka njenge-barberry yaseThunberg enwetshiwe, kepha umbala wamaqabunga amaqabunga uyafana nefomu elinamaqabunga ansomi oma barberry ovamile. Ngakho-ke, amaqabunga adwetshwe ngombala onsomi-onsomi omnyama, othi elangeni ubukeke umnyama. Ekwindla, amaqabunga aba ngombala obomvu, futhi ahlobisa isitshalo isikhathi eside. Lolu hlobo lubonakala ngokubekezelela ubusika, ukuzithoba, futhi futhi kungokwezitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu yilezi:
- I-Auricoma - isihlahla ukuphakama sifinyelela amasentimitha angama-250. Incwajana ezinobude obungamasentimitha amahlanu zigcotshwe zibomvu entwasahlobo nasehlobo, no-orange ekwindla. Ubude bama-inflorescences wesimo se-racemose cishe amasentimitha ayi-5, aqukethe izimbali ezibomvu eziphuzi obukhulu obungamasentimitha. Amajikijolo abomvu ahlanganisiwe.
- Superba - isihlahla singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-400. Ubude bamaqabunga ayindilinga ngamasentimitha angama-3-5, anombala obomvu omnyama onamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ekwindla, bashintsha umbala wabo ube yimithunzi ehlukile ebomvu norenji. Ama-Roores inflorescence ahlanganiswe nezimbali ezibomvu-ziphuzi. Izithelo zibomvu.
- Amamayili Esiliva - ukuhlukahluka okunjalo uma kubukwa eduze akubukeki kukhanga, kepha uma kubukwa kukude, kusebenza kakhulu. Phezu kwamaqabunga ansomi kukhona imivimbo ehlelwe ngokungahleliwe yombala onsomi onsomi. Uma ubheka isihlahla sikude, kubonakala sengathi sipendiwe ngombala we-lilac.
Ama-Barberry nawo athandwa kakhulu, afana nalokhu: iJuliana, uBean, uTischler, uMorrison, uWilson, oluhlaza okotshani, oluzwelayo, olwahlukahlukene, oluhlaza lwasempumalanga, olwe-Iberian, olucishe lufane, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omhlophe, olwe-boxwood, olwe-emarginate noma olungachazwanga, olukhulu-olushubile, lwesifundazwe, lwesifundazwe, entwasahlobo okwenziwe ngayo imali, isiKorea, isiTibetan, isiSiberia, esobala, enamachashazi ayindilinga, asontekile, i-Amur, iTurkmen, eqinile, i-oblong, enezithelo ezi-round, i-Asia, njll.
Izakhiwo ze-barberry
Izici eziwusizo ze-barberry
Izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobonhlobo zama-barberry zikhulile njengomhlobiso wensimu. Kodwa-ke, i-barberry ejwayelekile, njengomthetho, isikhulile ukukhiqiza izithelo, okuvela kuzo ukuqothuka, otshwala, ama-marinade, ama-marshmallows, i-jelly, isiraphu, ujamu kanye nama-jellies. Izithelo ze-barberry ezisetshenzisiwe zisetshenziswa e-Armeni cuisine, ngakho-ke ziphekelwa ngamawundlu, imifino ethosiwe noma ilayisi.
Ezinhlotsheni ezidliwayo, izithelo ziqukethe ama-tartaric, ama-malic kanye ne-citric acid, kanti amapuleti amaqabunga aqukethe amavithamini E no-C, kanye ne-carotenoids nosawoti wamaminerali. Izithelo zinganciphisa umfutho wegazi, zilwe ne-psoriasis, zigcwalise umzimba, ziqede izifo ezahlukahlukene emathunjini, ziyeke ukopha, futhi zivimbele ukukhula kwe-giardia, imvubelo nezinye izifo.
Izici zokuphulukisa zinazo zonke izingxenye ze-barberry. Amajikijolo avuthiwe kuphela okufanele aqoqwe, ngoba amajikijolo angavuthiwe aqukethe ubuthi. Amajikijolo omisiwe endaweni enomthunzi, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa lingafanele lidlule ama-50 degrees. Ngemuva kwalokho, athululelwa ezikhwameni zamaphepha noma emabhokisini amakhadibhodi, lapho agcinwa khona isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emi-3.
Lesi sitshalo sine-anti-inflammatory, choleretic, analgesic, antipyretic, antispasmodic, antitumor, hemostatic, antibacterial action. I-decoction yezimpande isusa ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder futhi ikhuthaze ukuphuma kwe-bile. I-decoction yamapuleti amaqabunga isetshenziselwa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ze-hepatitis, ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla, izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezisegunjini lesisu, izifo zesibindi, isimangalo senyongo kanye nezindunduma. I-decoction yegxolo izosiza nge-pancreatitis engapheli. Ijusi yezithelo inomphumela omnene we-laxative futhi ithuthukisa isifiso sokudla. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ezihlanganiswa noju zingathuthukisa amasosha omzimba wakho ngemuva kokushiswa ngemisebe. Amehlo wokuvuvukala, amanxeba, izindawo ezithinteka yi-eczema ku-epidermis kugezwa ngomhluzi wezimpande, futhi kusetshenziselwa ama-lotions, ukucindezela kanye nokuhlikihla i-radiculitis, isifo samathambo, i-rheumatism, umgogodla wemisipha yomlenze kanye ne-osteochondrosis.
Contraindication
Imithi elungiselelwe ukusebenzisa i-barberry akufanele isetshenziselwe ukwelapha izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12, abantu abanokungabekezelelani ngakunye, futhi futhi abahlushwa uhlobo olunzima lwe-hepatitis, cirrhosis yesibindi nesifo se-gallstone. Futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukopha kwangemva kokubeletha noma kokuya esikhathini. Khumbula ukuthi izithelo ezingavuthiwe ziqukethe ubuthi!
