Uhlobo lokuthanda i-eonium (Aeonium) ihlobene ngqo nomndeni wakwaCrassulaceae. Ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zezitshalo zemvelo, ezifanekiselwa izitshalo ze-herbaceous, izihlahlana kanye nezihlahlana. Iningi lazo ngokwemvelo zingatholakala esifundeni esingaphansi komhlaba futhi ikakhulukazi eziqhingini zaseCanary, eMadeira, eMpumalanga Afrika naseMorocco.
Zonke izinhlobo zalolu hlobo zofuzo zifana ngokuthile. Ngakho-ke, amaqabunga awo amnandi angenawo amaqabunga aqoqwe kuma-rosette akhula ngokunene nemicu eminyene kuwo kanye amathiphu wesiqu esingenalutho. Kunezinhlobo lapho kungekho khona igebe elilodwa phakathi kwamaqabunga, amapuleti amaqabunga abekwa ngaphezulu komunye nomunye, futhi endaweni akuyo kufana kakhulu nezikali zohlobo lukaphayini. Njengomthetho, ukwakheka kwamaqabunga kungumumo we-spade kanti ezinye zezinhlobo zinokucija esicongweni. Njengoba iminyaka ikhula, amahlamvu ayawa, futhi nakuzo iziqu kuleli cala, ungabona amabala amile okwejubane le-rhomboid.
Izimbali zihlala cishe amasonto amane. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuvela amatshe agobekayo apical, anama-inflorescence abanzi, wepinicle. Izimbali ezincane, ububanzi obufika kusentimitha elilodwa kuphela, zingapendwe ngombala opinki, ophuzi noma omhlophe. I-corolla ehlukile inezinsimbi ezi-9 ezinqenqemeni ezinomugqa.
Isikhathi sokuphila kwezinhlobo ezahlukene siyahluka. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi igama elithi eonium livela esiGrekini esikudala esithi "aionois" - "okuphakade, okuhlala isikhathi eside", izinhlobo ezinehlumela elingelona igatsha, elinokuphela kwe-rosette, liyafa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqeda ukuqhakaza. Isibonelo, i-eonium longline, ekhula endle, iyi-biennial.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Eonium ekhaya
Ukukhanya
Uthanda ukukhanya kakhulu. Isitshalo esinjalo kumele sinikezwe ngokukhanyayo okukhanyayo unyaka wonke, ngisho nesikhathi sokulahlwa esibonakala ebusika. Kulokhu, ngenkathi ebandayo, kunconyelwa ukuthi ifakwe nama-phytolamp akhethekile, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi isikhathi samahora okukhanya kosuku unyaka wonke kufanele sisuke emahoreni ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12.
Ehlobo, isitshalo esinjalo sinconywa ukuba sidluliselwe emoyeni omusha (kuvulandi, engadini). Ungakhetha indawo enelanga, ngoba imisebe yelanga eqondile ayilimazi imbali enjalo.
Uma kuzoba nokukhanya okuncane, amapuleti amaqabunga azoguquka, bese lawo anemibala ye-motley avele aluhlaza. Futhi, izisekelo zamaqabunga ziba mncane kakhulu, futhi neziqu zeluliwe.
Imodi yokushisa
I-Eonium idinga izinga lokushisa elipholile. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo, uzozizwa engcono kakhulu emazingeni okushisa angama-16 kuye kwangama-23 degrees. Uma igumbi lifudumele, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sizodinga ukufakwa komoya omusha njalo (kungcono ukusidlulisela emgwaqweni).
Ebusika, imbali enjalo inenkathi ebanzi, lapho idinga ukupholisa. Ukusuka maphakathi ekwindla kuya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, igumbi kufanele ligcinwe ekushiseni kwama-degree ayi-8 kuye kwayi-12. Uma ubusika bufudumele, khona-ke imbali ingalahlekelwa wonke amaqabunga bese ilahlekelwa ngumphumela wayo wokuhlobisa.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulu, ukuthambisa kufanele kube ngokulinganiselayo. Nisela isitshalo kuphela emva kwenhlabathi ebhodweni isomile kuya ku-1/3 ukuphakama kwayo. Ebusika, ukuthambisa kufanele kube yindlala kakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi imbali idinga ukuniselwa ingaphakanyiswa ngamaqabunga, ngakho-ke baqala ukulahlekelwa yi-turgor.
Umswakama
Iguqulwe ngempela ukuze ibe khona ezimeni zomswakama ophansi wezindlu zedolobha. Kodwa-ke, ngezinhloso zokuhlanzeka, welulekwa ukuthi ahlele kahle iseshini efudumele. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukumboza isigaxa esisesembizeni nge-cellophane ukuze uvikeleke emanzini.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Akudingi izwe elinempilo kakhulu le-acidity engathathi hlangothi. Ukulungiselela ingxube efanele inhlabathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa inhlabathi eshidi, ubumba ne-turf nenhlabathi, kanye nesihlabathi, okufanele kuthathwe ngokulingana okulinganayo. Ngokutshala, ungasebenzisa futhi inhlabathi ethengiwe eyenzelwe i-cacti kanye ne-anculents.
Ukuze ugweme ukwakheka kokubola ezimpandeni, uthele inani elincane lamalahle ochotshoziwe kwi-substrate. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukwenza ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi ngaphansi kwetangi. Ngalezi zinhloso, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa ubumba olwandisiwe noma ushaka ophukile wobumba.
Umanyolo
Umanyolo kufanele usetshenziselwe umhlabathi kanye njalo emavikini ama-4 kanye nokukhula okukhulu. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo okhethekile wama-anculents noma i-cacti, kuyilapho umthamo okhonjiswe kwiphakheji kufanele unamathelwe.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Ngenkathi isitshalo sisencane, sidinga ukufakwa esikhundleni kanye ngonyaka entwasahlobo, kuyilapho umthamo omusha kufanele ube mkhulu ngo ububanzi kunowedlule. Izinhlobo zabantu abadala kufanele zitshalwe kuphela uma kunesidingo, ngokwesibonelo, lapho uhlelo lwempande luyekile ukulingana ebhodweni.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukusifaka esikhundleni saso esisha (esikhulile futhi).
Izindlela zokuzala
Indlela yokuzala incike ezinhlotsheni. Ngakho-ke, ingasakazwa ngembewu noma ngemisiko. Isibonelo, i-stonless eonium longline, okuyi-biennial, ingasakazwa kuphela ngembewu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingxenye ephezulu yesiqu esine rosette yamaqabunga yokuqothula inganqunywa ezihlahleni. Isiqu esinjalo sinconywa ukuba sigxiliwe esihlabathini noma emanzini. Ngokuvamile, izimpande zivela ngemuva kwesikhashana.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Imelana nezinambuzane. Uma isitshalo sinezinambuzane eziyingozi, kufanele kuvezwe umphefumulo ofudumele. Esimweni lapho ukutheleleka kubi (kunqabile kakhulu), khona-ke ukwelashwa ngomuthi okhethekile, isibonelo, i-Actellic, kuzodingeka.
I-Aeonium iyagula, njengomthetho, ngenxa yokwephulwa kwemithetho yokunakekelwa. Ngakho-ke, angabonakala ebolile ezimpandeni ngenxa yokushayeka kwamanzi enhlabathini, noma awele wonke amahlamvu - ngenxa yobusika obufudumele.
Izinhlobo eziphambili
Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ze-eonium lithandwa ngabatshali bezimbali.
I-Eonium arboreum (Aeonium arboreum)
Uhlobo oludumile kakhulu. Le shrub ayiyona ephezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-100 kuphela. Phezu kwesiqu saso esivulekile, esinamagatsha anamanzi kukhona uqweqwe olunombala onsundu onsundu. I-rosette yamaqabunga i-fluffy, ithulule futhi ifinyelela ububanzi obungamasentimitha angama-20. Amapheshana abunjwe nge-Shovel anemiphetho emise kancane lapho kutholakala khona i- "cilia" emfushane. Ubude bamaqabunga buyehluka kusuka kumasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-10. Kwisitjalo sezinhlobo, amahlamvu anombala oluhlaza ojulile, kepha kunezinhlobo ezinombala onsomi ophuzi onsomi wamapuleti amaqabunga noma onomngcele onsomi (ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobonhlobo ze "Atropurpureum"). Ubude bezinyawo ezingamasentimitha angama-30. Umbala wezimbali uphuzi.
Ikhaya le-Eonium (i-Aeonium eKhaya)
Ama-rosette amaqabunga afana kakhulu nohlobo lwangaphambilini, kepha isitshalo esinjalo sicishe sifane, ngakho-ke ukuphakama kwaso kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-30. Phezu kwesiqu esikhulu esinamagatsha anamanzi kuyigxolo elinombala onsundu omnyama. Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga kungumdweshu womumo, futhi adwetshwe eluhlaza obumnyama. Noma kunjalo, banzi kancane kunezinhlobo zangaphambili, kepha amafushane kakhulu (amasentimitha angu-2 ubude). Imiphetho yamaqabunga igobe phansi kancane. I-peduncle ingafinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20. Izimbali eziphuzi.
Umhlobiso we-Eonium (umhlobiso we-Aeonium)
Lesi sitshalo esimangazayo sithandwa nabalimi. Lesi sitjalo esihlanganisiwe sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-20. Ihlotshiswe kakhulu futhi inezisekelo zamaqabunga ayindilinga. Amagqabantshintshi ngombala obomvu obomvu. Kodwa-ke, bathola lo mbala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, amaqabunga amancane anombala oluhlaza ojulile, bese aqala ukufiphala emaphethelweni. Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga kubanzi-lanceolate futhi kusongwa kancane emthanjeni ophakathi nendawo. Ngobude, afinyelela amasentimitha ayi-2,5.
I-Eonium virginsky (Aeonium virgineum)
Lokhu kungapheli cishe kucishe kungashisi. Wakha inqwaba yezisekelo zamaqabunga ezikhululekile. Ngenxa yabo, le mbali ikhula ibe umndeni omkhulu. Ipuleti elincane le-wavy lipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, kanti ngaphansi kwalo lipinki. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-peduncle ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-100. Izimbali ziphuzi ophuzi.
I-Eonium tiered noma eyenziwe ngombala wepuleti (Aeonium tabuliforme)
Le yinhlobo ethakazelisa kakhulu, kepha kuze kube manje ayithandwa kakhulu ngabatshali bezimbali. Le biennial ayimisi futhi ine-1 kunobukhulu futhi ububanzi (ububanzi kusuka kumasentimitha angama-40 kuya kwangama-50) i-rosette yamaqabunga. Ilele phezu kobuso bomhlaba futhi ibukeka njengepankethi yesikali. Esimweni esidala, kunezingcezu ezingama-200 zamaqabunga amaqabunga. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga aluhlaza ophuzi kukhona i-cilia eminingi. Izimbali zenzeka ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukhula umugqa wamasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu, ophethe i-inflorescence ethukile, equkethe izimbali eziphuzi. Ekupheleni kwezimbali, iyafa.
Eonium Lindley (Aeonium lindleyi)
Kulesi zinhlobo, amaqabunga amancanyana anempilo aqoqwa ngamabhasikidi amakhulu kakhulu. Futhi atholakala phezulu kwamagatsha acolekileyo awugobile. Amaqabunga amancane aluhlaza aluhlaza acishe abe yi-hemispherical ngesimo. Njengoba zikhula, ziyagcotshwa futhi ziguqule umbala wazo zibe ophuzi. Isihlahla singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-15-30. Izimbali eziphuzi.
Lezo zinhlobo ezitshalwe ngaphakathi endlini, aziqhamuki ekunakekeleni futhi azinambono. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, abaqhakaza ekhaya.
