Izitshalo eziqhakazayo ethunzini zihlala zibonwa njengesimangaliso esincane. Kukholelwa ukuthi emagumbini acashile engadini yokuhlobisa engadini ethambile, kodwa izinkanyezi eziqhakaza kakhulu zingabalwa ngokoqobo emilenzeni. Kepha, eqinisweni, i-assortment yezitshalo eziqhakaza kahle ekukhanyisweni okungekuncane kangako. Phakathi kokuvezwa okuyingqayizivele kwamakhasi ansundu engadini yi-uvulia - okungajwayelekile amaqabunga amakhulu anamaqabunga anezimbali eziqhakazayo eziphuzi eziphuzi.
Uvulia grandiflora (Uvularia grandiflora) engadini yezimbali.
Uvulia - ilanga emthunzini
Ama-perennials e-Herbaceous anikezela ukukhetha okubanzi kangako phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimbali, ukwakheka nokwakheka kwezimbali nama-inflorescence, ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukumangaza ngokuthile okusha. Kepha uma kungenjalo, njenge-uvulia yezimbali engavamile futhi yangempela (I-Uvularia) alikwazi ukubizwa. Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali eziqhamukayo, izimbali ezingajwayelekile ezinikeza umbono wokuxwaya okungajwayelekile. Esinye isitshalo esinjalo esihlanganisa ubumbano nemifantu engafani ejwayelekile nemininingwane yokuqala futhi ngasikhathi sinye sihlala sisiko elicishe lisendle, kube sengathi kusanda kudluliswa kusuka emahlathini asehlathini, kuzoba nzima ukusithola.
I-Uvulia (I-Uvularia) isitshalo esiyingqayizivele saseNyakatho Melika esize kithi sivela esimweni sezulu esifudumele futhi esifudumele saseMpumalanga ye-USA naseCanada. Kepha yize kukhona lo msuka, lesi sitshalo siqine futhi siqine ngokwanele ukuba sikhule njengendlela ehlala njalo ngisho emgqeni wethu ophakathi. Igama elithi "uvulia" livela olimini lwesiLatini "uvula" - "ulimi": lusezilimini ezithambile nezimbali ezincanyana ezifana nalezo ezilenga ezintabeni zesitshalo.
I-Uvulia zingama-perennials anamandla amakhulu e-herbaceous. Ekuphakameni, lezi zitshalo zikhawulelwe isigamu semitha, yize ekhaya zingaba zinkulu. Imvamisa athuthukisa ngesimo sokukhula njalo kwezihlahla futhi akha amathokheni wonke, izithombo ezingezansi azikaze zidalulwe, isitshalo siyathandeka kuwo wonke umqhele. Ifomu le-Uvulia lisakazeka ngokulingene, hhayi ngama-rhizomes ajulile kakhulu futhi anamagatsha amaningi. Amahlumela maningi futhi acishe abe mncane kakhulu, afihlwe phansi yisitho sangasese sowesifazane, esakhiwe ngenhla, enza izihlahla eziminyene kakhulu, naphezu kwamaqabunga amakhulu angavamile. Ngokudutshulwa ngakunye, kuvame kuphela amaqabunga ama-2-4. Amaqabunga e-uvulia amukela isiqu noma ahleli, acwilisa kancane kancane ngaphansi komfula, afinyelela ubude obufika ku-10 cm futhi aqhakaze ukwakheka okuhle kwe-lanceolate-elliptical noma elliptical. Umbala wama-greens ukhanya kakhulu, uluhlaza okhanyayo, onetoni efudumele ephuzi.
Izimbali ezimangalisayo zazo zonke i-uvulia ziyaqhakaza emaphethelweni amahlumela. Imvamisa, izitshalo zikhiqiza izimbali ezizodwa, yize kwesinye isikhathi ama-inflorescence abhanqiwe nawo ayatholakala. Isici esiyingqayizivele sezimbali ze-uvulia iyi-nimbus emincane enezinhlamvu ezihlukaniswe ngokujulile zaba ngamahlamvu ayi-6 acwebile aphuzi, okuthi buqamama kucatshangwa ukuthi bufana neribhoni. Ngenxa yalesi sigaba sesiphambano nesimo eside, izimbali zibonakala zingajwayelekile. Kwezinye izinhlobo ze-uvulia, ukubukeka kwazo kugcizelelwa nokucishe kuphindwe kwezimbali ezinamaqabunga amancanyana amancanyana. Esisekelweni se-perianth kukhona imisho kanye nemicu emincane ye-stamen, ihambelana ngokuphelele nama-anthers aqondile. Kunzima ukubona amakholomu afakwe isigamu kanye ne-ovary enezinhlangothi ezintathu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuboshwe amabhokisi ezithelo ezinamaphiko amathathu, lapho, lapho imbewu ivuthwa, ahlukane ngaphezulu.
Ngokwesiko, isikhathi sezimbali ze-uvulia sithatha amasonto ambalwa nje. Isimo sezulu esikahle, izitshalo ziyaqhakaza maphakathi nentwasahlobo, uma intwasahlobo ibanda, kuphela ekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Isikimu sombala salokhu sisetshenziselwa kuphela ukupenda okuphuzi.
I-Uvulia (Uvularia).
Izinhlobo ze-Uvulia
Uhlobo lwe-uvulia alukwazi ukuziqhayisa ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle. Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezi-5 zalesi sitshalo, kwezinhlobo ezintathu kuphela ezisetshenziswa njengezitshalo ezitshaliwe.
Uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lwe-uvulia, luboniswa izimbali ezinhle kakhulu - i-uvulia enezimbali ezinkulu (I-Uvularia grandiflora) Lesi sitshalo saseNyakatho Melika, esijwayele ukuhlala emahlathini aqabulayo futhi saziwa ngokuqina kwesihlahla. Ikhiqiza iziqu ezondile, kodwa eziningi ezihlanganisa ngazimbili zamacembe ama-elliptic akhonjisiwe aze afinyelela ku-10 cm. Emaphethelweni amahlumela asezingeni elide, kufinyelela izimbali ezintathu ezinombala ophuzi okhanyayo. Ubude bezinsimbi bufika ku-4 cm. Lolu hlobo lwama-UVulia luqhakaza ngokwesiko maphakathi nenyanga kaMeyi futhi izimbali ziyaphela ngoJuni.
I-Uvulia iyisimangaliso (I-Uvularia sessilifolia) - I-compact ebaluleke kakhulu yabamele lolu hlobo, yakha aminyene impela, kepha ihlathi eliphansi kufika ku-30 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga acwebile, abesebenza njengesisekelo segama lezinhlobo, okuyi-oval engamacala, kufinyelela ku-8 cm ubude, ayahluka ngemiphetho emide. Izimbali, ngaphandle kobude obungafika ku-3 cm, zibukeka kahle kakhulu. Umbala ophuzi ophuzi ngombala kanye nobume obukhonjisiwe bama-lobes acishe ahlanganiswe nama-stamens amafushane aveza kahle isimo sasendle salesi sitshalo. Amabhokisi ezithelo awonxantathu, kodwa ama-ovoid. Le yinhlobo ende kakhulu yezimbali ye-uvularia, ekwazi ukuqhakaza ngokungaguquki kusuka maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
I-Prone-leaf uvularia (I-Uvularia perfoliata) - umthandi wezindawo ezinamanzi nezihlahlana. Ifana kakhulu ne-uvulia enezimbali ezinkulu, kepha ihluke amahlumela acashile futhi anomusa, amaqabunga abanzi, anqabile. Kude, izinsimbi ezimbala eziphuzi, eziwumngcingo, eziqokolayo, zifinyelela kuphela ku-2-3 cm, ziqhakaza zihlale zingamabili noma ngazimbili egatsheni ngalinye lahlumela. Umbono umangaza ngephunga lawo, kepha uqhuma kuphela ngoMeyi bese kuphela amasonto ayi-1.5-2.
I-Uvulia grandiflora (Uvularia grandiflora).
I-Uvularia squamous (i-Uvularia sessilifolia).
Przednolistnaya uvulia (Uvularia perfoliata).
Ekubunjweni kwengadi, i-uvulia iyasetshenziswa:
- imibhede yezimbali enemithunzi;
- ukuthola okuhlanganayo kwetheyiphu ngaphansi kwothango nangaphambi kwembokodo;
- ukufihla isisekelo sezihlahlana, ku-fringe naphansi kwezitshalo ezingama-shrub;
- ekwakhiweni kwezindawo ezinomthunzi eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi;
- njengesiko lokunqanda eceleni kwendlela;
- ekuhlelweni komhlaba namaqembu;
- njengoba ukugqamisa ama-accents emakhoneni agcwele kakhulu;
- ezinhlelweni zokuhlobisa ezindaweni ezinelanga noma eziqhakazile, inqobo nje uma izihlahlana noma ama-perennials enza isithunzi esanele;
- njengomlingani wabasiki abathanda inhlabathi ene-acidic, kufaka phakathi izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi ngama-rhododendrons;
- ekuklanyweni kokubheja ophuzi (ngokwenza izinsimbi eziphuzi ezindaweni ezinomthunzi engadini).
Abalingani abahle kakhulu be-Uvulia: i-aquilegia, i-astilbe, i-ferns, Sebawoti, i-Rhododendrons, u-hecks.
I-Uvulia (Uvularia)Izimo ziyadingeka
Ukukhetha isiteji esintofontofo se-uvulia kulula kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo siyakwazi ukuhlalisa kuphela ezindaweni ezinomthunzi, ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwezihlahla nezihlahla.
Uma kukhanya lesi sitshalo kulula ngokwanele ukusithatha, khona-ke ngenhlabathi yonke into ayilula. Lezi izitshalo ezithanda umswakama ezithanda inhlabathi entsha, enomswakama. Isakhiwo somhlabathi we-uvulia esidingekayo siyisidingo, kepha i-uvulia ayibekezeleli inhlabathi ekhanyayo kakhulu. Inhlabathi esindayo yathuthukiswa ngokungeza isihlabathi, futhi ukukhanya kakhulu kulungiswa ngokufaka ubumba. I-Uvulia ingakhula kuphela ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi omncane one-acidic, umlingani omuhle wezitshalo zasengadini ezikhetha izimo ze-asidi.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Uvulia
Lesi sitshalo esithanda umswakama esingaphenduli kahle uma kuba nesomiso. Kwi-uvulia, kungakuhle ukuthi kuqinisekiswe umswakama ongaguquki wenhlabathi ngokungenisa ngokunisela ohlelweni lokunakekelwa uma kungekho ukuthambekela kwemvelo (izinqubo ezilandelwayo azilusizo lwalutho: Ukunisela lesi sitshalo kungenziwa esikhathini esingajwayelekile, kepha ngokuya ngokugcwaliswa kwenhlabathi okujulile ngamanzi). Kunokunye okukhona kakhulu: ukuthanda umswakama kuvamile kwe-uvularia kuphela kuze kube phakathi ehlobo. Kusukela ukuphela kukaJulayi, onke ama-uvulia aba namandla okulwa nesomiso futhi aqine, awadingi ukuthanjiswa okwengeziwe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwalesi sitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungcono ukwenza ukufambisa kokuqala kwe-uvulia noma ukutshala, ukwethula umanyolo wamaminerali enhlabathini. Esikhathini esizayo, okungenani ingubo eyodwa ephezulu enomanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali kumele usetshenziswe ngonyaka kumthamo ojwayelekile (ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, futhi uma kungenzeka kabili). Ukulungiselela ubusika ekwindla, i-uvulia ingondliwa ngomanyolo okhethekile (kepha hhayi i-phosphorus-potash ehlanzekile, hhayi ama-perennials amaningi we-herbaceous, kodwa i-potash emsulwa).
I-Uvulia ayidingi okunye ukunakekelwa, ukhula alubacindezeli, isitshalo sizihlanza ngezimbali eziqothulayo.
I-Uvulia ebusika
Zonke lezi zinhlobo ezintathu ze-uvulia yamasiko zilukhuni impela ebusika futhi ezimweni ezijwayelekile zobusika azidingi indawo yokukhosela. Kumakhaza angenawo iqhwa, ukuvikela ngeke kudingekile kuphela ukubhoboza i-przednolistnaya. Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili (ezinkulu-ezinama-squamous), zidinga ukumbozwa ngeqabunga elomile ukuze kuzinze izimo.
I-Uvulia grandiflora (Uvularia grandiflora).
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Uvularia
I-Uvulia ingasakazwa ngokuhlanzayo nangembewu. Kepha indlela yokugcina ayisetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokuhlwanyela (futhi ngesinye isikhathi kuphela emva kweminyaka emi-5). Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika ngqo enhlabathini noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (unyaka ngemuva kokuvunwa). Akudingi ukwelashwa kokuhlwanyelwa kwangaphambi kokuhlwanyelwa, izilimo ngaphansi kwesimo sokulondolozwa kokuswakama kwenhlabathi ziba namandla ngokulinganayo, kepha kancane kancane, inqubo yokukhula idinga ukubekezela okukhulu.
Tshala imifino ngokusakazwa ngokuhlukaniswa kwezihlahla. Ngaso leso sikhathi, akudingekile ukuthatha i-Delenia enkulu ye-uvulia: kaningi, izitshalo zisatshalaliswa ngengxenye elula ye-rhizome ene-bud eyodwa yokuvuselela. Isidingo sokugcina izimpande ngempumelelo ukuphathwa kwamanxeba ngamalahle ochotshoziwe noma isikhunta. Uvulia izimpande Embhedeni okhethekile ohlukile noma ngokushesha endaweni engaguquki, ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi njalo futhi uvikele ukuthi ungashisi. Ukusakazwa kwezilimo kwezitshalo kungenziwa zombili ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nasekupheleni kwehlobo.
