I-shrubbery engaphenduki yaziwa kakhulu kubalimi emhlabeni wonke. Namuhla, cishe izinhlobo ezingamakhulu amahlanu ze-barberry ziyaziwa, ezingathakazelisa ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo zokwelapha nokuhlobisa. Izitshalo eziningi zisetshenziswa njengezihlahlana zezithelo. Futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali eziningi, izinyosi eziningi zigobhozela ezitshalweni, okwenza isiko libe yisitshalo soju esihle.
Kulabo abafuna ukubona u-barberry esakhiweni sabo, ukutshala nokunakekela isihlahla ngeke kubangele ubunzima obukhulu. Noma kunjalo, kufanele wazi ezinye zezici zesiko ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ilungiselela isiza sokufika
Emvelweni, izihlahla ezinkulu ze-barberry ezihlakazekile zitholakala ekuweni eziqala ukukhula kanye nemithambeka yelanga eyomile. Ngakho-ke, esivandeni kuyodingeka uthole indawo enobubanzi obunamabala ngokukhanyisa okuhle, hhayi ukubopha, kepha kuvikelwe okusalungiswa.
- Isihlahla singesibi kangako ngokusondela kwamanzi aphansi komhlaba nokusimama komswakama, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusitshala endaweni ethambekile noma egqumeni elincane.
- Inhlabathi yokutshala ama-barberry kufanele ibe lula futhi ixege. Isiko elihlushwa ukuntuleka kwenhlabathi yezinto eziphilayo, kepha nge-acidity yalo ngokweqile ngenhla ye-pH 7.5, kungcono ukunakekela ukwethula i-limestone noma ufulawa we-dolomite ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
- Uma i-loam noma i-chernozem inqoba esizeni, kuyadingeka ukuthi unikeze amanzi alungile we-barberry futhi ungeze ufulawa we-peat noma we-limestone.
- Umkhawulo wenziwa kuma-boat we-peat futhi kufakwa umlotha wezinkuni.
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-barberry, umgodi wayo ulungiswa kusengaphambili. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma izithombo zikhulu noma kukhona ukwahlukana kwesihlahla sabadala esidala.
- Ukuze amabhasi angabi ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu ubudala, umgodi kufanele ube nobubanzi obungama-25 cm nokujula okungama-25-30 cm.
- Kwezithombo ezineminyaka emi-4 kuya kwengama-7, umgodi onobubanzi obungama-50 cm kanye nokujula okufanayo kuyalungiswa.
- Uma u-barberry etshalwe ukuze kwakheke uthango, kufakwa umsele ongu-40 cm futhi obanzi ububanzi.
Lapho isihlalo sesilungile, isakhi somzimba esinengxubevange yengxube yezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-humus noma umquba, isihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi engadini evulekile kuyadingeka ukuze usigcwalise. I-Superphosphate ijwayele ukusetshenziswa njengomanyolo lapho utshala u-barberry.
Ungatshala kanjani u-barberry?
Uma uhlelo lwempande yesithombo esitsheni luvikelwe ngokuthembekile yinhlama yenhlabathi, isitshalo singatshalwa noma nini, ngemuva kokufaka ngokuphelele isitsha ngesihlahla esisha.
Kodwa lapho ukutshala barberry, uma umlimi onawo cuttings enezimpande noma layala izimpande evulekile?
- Isikhathi esihle somcimbi sentwasahlobo. Kubalulekile ukuba nesikhathi sokutshala lesi sitshalo okwamanje. Lapho inhlabathi isivele ifudumele, kepha ingakomile, futhi amahlumela awakaqali ukukhula.
- Uma isikhathi sesilahlekile, kungenzeka ukutshala ama-barberry ekwindla, lapho isihlahla sesiqala ukulahlekelwa ngamahlamvu, futhi zonke izinqubo zokuphila esitshalweni ziqala ukwehla.
I-barberry ingatshalaliswa zombili ngamakhamandela enhlanganisela nangembewu evela kumjikijolo avuthiwe. Lapho i-barberry isivele ikhula esakhiweni, izihlahla ezineminyaka emithathu kuya kwemi-5 ezinamagatsha angaphansi kwenhlabathi angahlukaniswa, zithola izithombo ezimbili noma ezintathu ngohlelo oluzimele, bese zitshalwa.
Cishe zonke izinhlobo zisakazeka kalula ngezindlela zokusika okuluhlaza:
- Udinga ukukhetha amagatsha wokusika kusuka amahlumela aqinile walo nyaka, nokunwebeka ngokwanele nokunesihenqo lapho ugobile.
- Izilimo ezingavuthiwe ziba nengozi yokubola futhi zikhulise isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sokutshala.
- Futhi izingxenye ezihlanganisiwe ezinamagatsha anamandla zinzima kakhulu ukumpande. Uma zisetshenziselwa ukutshala i-barberry, ku-cuttings ekwindla ziyasikwa futhi zigcinwe kuze kube sentwasahlobo emazingeni okushisa asondele ku-zero.
Izingxenye eziphakathi kwamahlumela ezinobubanzi obungu-0.5 cm ezilungele ukusikwa zihlukaniswe izigaba ukusuka ku-7 kuye ku-10 cm ubude ngezindawo ezimbili ezinempilo kanye ne-voode eyodwa phakathi kwazo. Uma isiqu sifushane kakhulu, ungashiya amaqabunga amathathu amaqabunga.
- Okuphezulu esicucwini sokudutshulwa kusikwa ngokuqondile.
- Ukusikwa okungaphansi kufanele kube ne-angle ka-45 °.
- Esikhathini esiphezulu, amaqabunga anqunywa phakathi.
- Amaqabunga aphansi asuswa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuthinta ama-axillary buds kanye ameva.
I-barberry barot ingcono engxube ye-sand-peat, lapho ukusikwa kucwiliswa khona engangeni ka-45 °. Amasentimitha ama-5 asele phakathi kwemigqa, futhi ukusuka kwelinye i-shank kuye kwelinye kufanele okungenani kube ngu-10 cm.
Ukusinda okungcono, ungasebenzisa i-Kornevin, i-indolylacetic acid noma ezinye izishukumisi, futhi udale izinga lokushisa elihle le-barberry, ukusuka ku-20 kuye ku-25 ° C, kanye nezimo zomswakama. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama womoya ongama-85%, amasimu athelwayo afakwa kathathu ngosuku.
Lapho u-barberry enika izimpande, izithombo ezincane ziyaqhubeka zikhula ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ukushisa iminyaka engafinyelela kwemibili, bese ibarberry itshalwe ekwindla noma entwasahlobo emhlabathini.
Ukusakazeka kwembewu barberry
Ungathola imbewu yokuhlwanyela, uxova kahle amajikijolo amasha. Izinhlamvu ezikhishwe ziyagezwa futhi zomiswe ngokuphelele.
- Uma ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ekwindla, khona-ke imbewu enhlabathini yezakhi ezikhululekile kwanele ukwenza ama-grooves we-cm amasentimitha afinyelela ku-1 cm.
- Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo, imbewu ihlukaniswe. Inqubo yenzeka emazingeni okushisa ayi-2 kuye ku-5 ° C futhi ihlala izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezine, kuya ngezinhlobo nohlobo lw barberry.
Lapho kukhiwa amaqabunga amabili eqiniso ezitshalweni, angakalwa, kushiye isitshalo esisodwa kuwo wonke amasentimitha amathathu. Inqubo eqhubekayo ifana naleso esimweni sokusakazwa kwama-cuttings. Futhi emva kweminyaka emibili, kufika isikhathi lapho ungatshala khona i-barberry endaweni ehlala njalo engadini.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-barberry?
Abadala besihlahla se-barberry akufuneki kangako ekuniseleni, into esemqoka ukuthi umswakama obuningi usesigabeni sokutshala nokubuna.
Isihlahla esitshalwe engadini singaniselwa kuphela ngomiswa obalulekile wenhlabathi ngaphansi komqhele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlabathi ikhululwe kahle, ukuze umoya-mpilo nomswakama bakwazi ukufinyelela mahhala ezimpandeni ze-barberry.
Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama futhi uthuthukise ukwakheka kwenhlabathi ngaphansi komqhele, ufakwe kungqimba lwamasentimitha ayi-8 we-peat, sawdust noma ezinye izindlela ezikhona. Ungayinakekela kanjani i-barberry ngenkathi efudumele? Ngabe isitshalo sidinga ukugqokwa okuphezulu, futhi imaphi umanyolo akhethwa kulesi sitshalo?
- Kusuka onyakeni wesibili wokuphila, shrub kufanele uthole umanyolo we-nitrogen oqukethe intwasahlobo. U-barberry uphendula ngokunisela nge-infusion ehlutshiwe ye-mullein noma ye-bird droppings.
- Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, izihlahlana zabantu abadala zithola umanyolo onzima ngezinto zomkhondo. Kungcono uma lokhu kuyimikhiqizo eyenziwe ngobunono obuthuthukisa kancane kancane inhlabathi ngaphansi komqhele.
- NgoSepthemba, amagremu ayi-10 omanyolo we-potash kanye nama-gramu ayi-15 we-superphosphate yesitshalo ngasinye asetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezihlahla.
Isicelo somanyolo sonyaka asidingeki; kwanele ukuthi ibharubheli athole ukwesekwa okunjalo njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu.
Unganquma kanjani u-barberry?
Akukhathalekile ukuthi ukutshala nokunakekela i-barberry kungaba lula kangakanani, izinhlayiya ezikhule kahle zibonakala kahle esithombeni, kuwo wonke amagatsha esihlahla atshalwe ngokoqobo. Zibe sezakha inkinga enkulu kakhulu yensimu, ngoba awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokusika isihlahla. Ngomsebenzi onjalo, amagilavu ahlala isikhathi eside kanye nethuluzi elinezibambo ezinde kahle kubalulekile.
Izinhlobo ezikhula kancane, zivame ukusetshenziswa emasimini owodwa noma njengomngcele oluhlaza wokuhlobisa, azikwazi ukwakhiwa ngokukhethekile, kepha kuphela amahlumela awonakele futhi awomile angasuswa. Kodwa nini futhi kanjani ukukhipha barberry, uma ehlathini yakha uthango obukhulu?
- Kulokhu, ukugawulwa kokuqala kwezitshalo kwenziwa ngonyaka ngemuva kokutshala, futhi ezihlahleni ezindala zezihlahla, amagatsha asuka kumunye kuya eminyakeni emibili ancishiswa ngobude obuthathu noma nohhafu.
- Ukuchelela barberry kwenziwa emva zom futhi ngaphambi ekwindla ekwindla.
Ngesikhathi sokusikwa kwezinwele zentwasahlobo, ama-barberry kufanele anqunywe noma asuse ngokuphelele wonke amagatsha awonakele aqandisiwe phakathi nobusika nangezimpawu zezinambuzane noma izifo. Inqubo kumele yenziwe ngaphambi kokuba amahlamvu avele emasimini.
