Ngisho umlimi ongenalwazi uzoqamba izihlahla ezimbili ezivame ukubonwa ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba: isihlahla sama-apula kanye neparele. Ukukhula kwesimo sezulu sethu esingabekezeleleki kuguqulwe ngendlela emangalisayo ngokumangalisa kwethanga leChizhovskaya, incazelo nesithombe sazo ezikhuluma kahle kakhulu kunanoma imaphi amagama.
Izinzuzo eziphambili zezinhlobonhlobo
Le nhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile ehlobo yahlatshwa umfuyi osezingeni eliphezulu uS.T. Chizhov futhi ithandwa kakhulu kubahlali basehlobo ngezizathu eziningi:
- ukumelana namazinga okushisa abukhali, okuvumela ukuthi ukhule uphondo ezifundeni ezisenyakatho;
- izithelo zimelana namaconsi afinyelela ku-3 ° C, nesihlahla uqobo sifinyelela ku-30 ° C;
- ukuwohloka okubuthakathaka;
- isivuno esikhulu ekuphumeni (cishe amakhilogremu angama-55 esihlahleni esisodwa);
- ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, izithelo zingagcinwa izinyanga ezi-3-5;
- i-pulp ye-pearl imnandi futhi inejusi;
- Kulula ukuhlangana ngesandla ngaphandle kwamathuluzi;
- Iminyaka emithathu emva kokutshala, isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Ukutshala nokunakekela iparele leChizhovskaya akubangeli ubunzima kubo bobabili abalimi abanolwazi nabaqalayo. Kungcono ukutshala entwasahlobo noma engxenyeni yokuqala yekwindla - lesi isikhathi esihle kakhulu.
Ukufakwa emalayidi akufanele kwenziwe kungakapheli inyanga ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Lapho ulungiselela isiza sesithombo esisha futhi usinakekela, unamathela kulezi zincomo ezilandelayo:
- uphondo oluhle kakhulu luyokhula ku-chernozem naku-loam;
- faka umanyolo we-organic emgodini wokutshala (isibonelo, i-humus noma i-humus kanye ne-lime ukuze wehlise i-acidity yenhlabathi);
- amanzi okungenani izikhathi ezine ngenyanga kabili ngosuku, amalitha ayi-10-12 amanzi esihlahleni ngasinye;
- uma amanzi omhlabathi edlula eduze komhlaba, umhlaba kufanele ukhuliswe kuqala, noma kunikezwe indle enhle;
- naphezu kwezinsolo zokuthi ukuhlukahluka kuyamelana nezilokazane, qiniseka ukuthi ucubungula umuthi ngokumelene nezinambuzane (ziyavela, ngakho-ke ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kwethanga ngeke kube isithiyo esingenakunqotshwa kubo);
- endimeni yephollinator yepare yeChizhovskaya, sincoma ukusebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zeLada, njengenye indlela, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo zeSeveryanka neRogneda;
- ukhula njalo bese mulch umbuthano wesiqu.
Ukuvikela ngokumelene namagundane, njengamahabhu kanye namagundane, sincoma ukusonga isiqu sesihlahla ngensimbi engasolukiwe noma amathayela. Zibuye zisize ukuvikela i-pear ngesikhathi sesithwathwa esinamandla.
Izihlahla
Ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe njalo entwasahlobo ekupheleni kukaMashi noma ngo-Ephreli ngalezi zinhlobonhlobo. I-Pear Chizhovskaya kufanele ikhule kahle: ngoba lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi usika izinqubo zokumisa futhi unciphise inani lamagatsha, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwe-1/4 yenombolo ephelele, ukuze ungalimazi isihlahla. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezithelo futhi kunciphise ubungozi bezifo zamagxolo namaqabunga.
Amagatsha ezithombo zakamuva ngokuvamile ancishiswa ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu futhi ashiya kuphela ama-3-4 aqine kakhulu futhi aqonde kakhulu, anqume amancane. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka komqhele wesikhathi esizayo. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, kuzoba nzima ukuthola izithelo phezulu esihlahleni. Ukuthena kahle i-Chizhovskaya eliphakathi kwethi ngokwezincazelo nezithombe akunzima, vele ulandele izeluleko zethu.
Izihlahla kufanele zinikezwe ukunakwa okukhulu. Kusuka kuye ukuthi inani lokugcina lesilimo eminyakeni yamanje neyilandelayo izoncika. Ungakhohlwa ukususa izinqubo ezihambisana emhlabathini noma zigobele esiqwini.
Kwesinye isikhathi amagatsha aphansi anqunywa ngenxa yokuthi izithelo azikhuli kahle kuzo. Lokhu cishe njalo kubangelwa ukushoda kokukhanya. Nquma amagatsha angeziwe ukuze imisebe yelanga idlule emahlwini aphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela iwele ngaphansi.
Ukuvuna
Ngakho-ke, sekuyisikhathi sokuvuna isivuno esivele silindelwe. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili encazelweni yezinhlobonhlobo zethanga leChizhovskaya, lesi yisihlahla esivuthiwe sokuvuthwa, ngakho-ke ungaqoqa amapheya esesigabeni sesibili sika-Agasti, ungalindi ekwindla. Uma uthenge kahle futhi unakekela isitshalo, kuzoletha izithelo ezingaphezu kuka-50 kg. Ngeshwa, leli nani lizokwehla njengoba iminyaka yobudala yesihlahla.
Isisindo samapheya ngokwawo sishintshashintsha cishe amagremu ayi-120 ngesitshalo esineminyaka eyisikhombisa ubudala. Ukuqhathanisa, esihlahleni amahlandla ama-2 amadala, izithelo zinesisindo esingu-75-85 amagremu. Amandla okubamba izithelo ezivuthiwe ukuthi zingawa isikhathi eside zivame ukutholakala encazelweni yeparele leChizhovskaya. Izithombe zezithelo ezinkulu eziluhlaza ophuzi, okulula ukuqoqwa ngazo ngesitebhisi nangebhakede, azikwazi ukuhlaba umxhwele.
Musa ukugcina imifino ngamapheya, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo zizolahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwayo kwasekuqaleni.
Izinga lokushisa elilungile liyi + 3 ° C. Gcina lamapheya esitsheni esomile sokhuni esinezimbobo zokuphuma komoya omncane. Lahla izithelo ezineminwe nezenziwe mnyama ngesikhathi sokukhethwa kokuqala. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, isivuno sakho singagcinwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu.
I-Pear Chizhovskaya ilungile ngokwenza ujamu. Qiniseka ukuthi wenza izikhala kusuka kumathini amaningana ukuzijabulisa wena nabangane ebusika elibandayo.
Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinhle kwesimo sezulu sethu kwenza iChizhovskaya eliphakathi kwezinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu zokutshala ekhayeni lasehlobo. Uma unquma ukuthi yimuphi umuthi wezithelo ozohlobisa ingadi yakho iminyaka ezayo, sincoma ukuthi ukhethe lolu hlobo lwethanga elithile.
