I-cyclamen imbali - amathiphu wokunakekela ekhaya

Ekwindla nasebusika, lapho izitshalo eziningi zasendlini sezivele ziyaqhakaza futhi seziphumule, i-cyclamen iqala ukuqhakaza. Lesi sitshalo se-perennial ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunaka ekhaya sizojabulisa ngokuqhakaza kwalo okunethezeka kusuka ngoSepthemba kuya kuMashi. Bobabili abaqalayo nabalimi abanolwazi bayayazisa iqhawe lesi sihloko ngezinhlobonhlobo zemibala ehlukahlukene, iphunga elimnandi nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuzala. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlobanisa zalesi simbali, ezakhiwe ngabakhiqizi bezithelo, zizokwenza ukuthi zikwazi ukukhetha uhlelo lwemibala lwesakhiwo sendlu nganoma iyiphi ingaphakathi.

Incazelo ejwayelekile nezinhlobo zama-cyclamens

I-cyclamen noma i-alpine violet - Lesi yisigaxa esincane se-tuber esinezimbali ezibanzi nezimbali ezikhanyayo ezingavamile. Amaqabunga ezimbali ahlukaniswa ngezilinganiso ezinhle nezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Izimbali zesitshalo zikhuphuka ngaphezu kwamahlamvu futhi zingaba zincanyana noma zikhulu, zinemibala ehlukahlukene.

Izimbali zemvelo ama-ephemeroids. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaqabunga nezimbali zikhula izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela zonyaka, futhi sonke isikhathi, ishubhu lesitshalo lilala ngaphansi komhlaba. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-alpine violets ezingakhula futhi ziqhakaze cishe unyaka wonke.

Onke ama-cyclamens ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ezihluke ngombala, terry nosayizi wezimbali nokuphakama kwesitshalo uqobo.

UkuphakamaBahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:

• ukhula kahle uze ufike ku-15 cm;
• eliphakathi nendawo - kufika kuma-20 cm;
• standard - kufika ku-30 ​​cm.

Izinhlobo zama-cyclamens

I-Persian ihlukaniswa yi-tuber eyindilinga eyindilinga, izimpande zayo zisuka endaweni ephansi. Amacembe wesitshalo anomumo oyindilinga no-tint oluhlaza okotshani ngephethini yesiliva noma grey. On izimbali ezinde ezifiphele, izimbali ezinhle ezinhle kakhulu ubukeka njengamaphiko uvemvane. Isilinganiso sokuphila kwembali eyodwa kungathi izinsuku eziyishumi. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, cishe izimbali ezingaba ngu-100 ziyaqhakaza kulesi simila, ngakho-ke i-cyclamen yasePheresiya iqhakaza isikhathi eside kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuze kube uMashi.

Izichotho zase-European cyclamen ezivela eningizimu nasenkabeni yeYurophu, futhi akuvamile ukubonwa emaqoqweni angaphakathi ezindlini. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zesitshalo zivame ukungahambelani kahle ngesimo. Izimbali ezincane ukuya kumasentimitha amabili ubude zinombala opinki kanye nephunga elimnandi. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba.

Ukunakekelwa kanjani?

Ekhaya, ukunakekelwa kwezimbali akunzima kakhulu, kodwa kudinga ukuhambisana nemithetho ethile.

1. Okokuqala, kuma-alpine violets, udinga ukuthola indawo efanelekile. Lesi sitshalo, yize singelutho, kepha sithanda ukukhanya okukhanya namakamelo anomoya owanele. Okusalungiswa ezimbalini kuyahlukaniswa.
2. Ukushisa kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungenxa yezitshalo ezithanda ukubanda, ngakho-ke, azibekezeleli amazinga okushisa aphezulu. I-alpine violet izizwa ikhululekile emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-14C kuya ku- + 16C.
3. Uma ehlobo ingekho indlela yokulawula izinga lokushisa elilungele ukukhula, khona-ke isitshalo singadluliselwa engaphansi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kube nokukhanya okwanele egumbini. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, imbali ingashiywa egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingafanele lidlule + 25C.
4. Ngesikhathi sebusika, lapho ama-hitha kanye namabhethri wokushisa aphakathi avuliwe egumbini, kunconywa ukubeka i-cyclamen kude nemithombo yokushisa. Kulokhu, udinga ukubheka izinga lomswakama egumbini, futhi unisele isitshalo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.
5. Amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu asendlini nokunisela ngokweqile kungaholela ekuholeni, bese kuthi lapho imbali ifile.

Ungaphuzisa kanjani kahle?

I-Alpine violet iyi isitshalo se-hygrophilous, okuyikhaya okufanele kuniselwe ngalo ngesikhathi, kakhulu futhi njalo.

Ukunisela kudinga ukunemba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi phakathi kwempilo imbali. I-cyclamen inconyelwa ukuniselwa epanini, ngoba ukungena kwamanzi ngeziqu, ama-peduncle noma ama-tuber kuvusa ukubola. Izimbali noma izimbali ziqala ukumbozwa izindawo ezinsundu, bese isitshalo sifa.

Amanzi okunisela isitshalo kufanele abe nokushisa kwegumbi futhi alungiswe. Ukunisela izitshalo ngamanzi empompo akunconywa. Uma imbali idinga ukuchelela, kepha akukho manzi ahleliwe endlini, ungawafafaza ngamanzi abilisiwe, phambilini abepholile kumazinga wegumbi lokushisa.

Lapho unakekela i-Alpine violet, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi amanzi asepanini nasembizeni awagxili isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kokuba imbali iniswe, futhi zonke izingqimba zenhlabathi zigcwele umswakama, kusuka esikhwameni kudingeka uthulule amanzi ngokweqile.

I-tuber yezinhlobo zasePheresiya ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, ngakho-ke isitshalo singaniselwa ngendlela ejwayelekile.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Kabili ngenyanga ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwamaqabunga nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, i-Alpine violet kufanele idle.

Ukufakwa umquba ekhaya kunconywa ngesikhathi sokunisela ngamanyolo akhethekile wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, umanyolo we-nitrogen akufanele uhlukunyezwe, okuthe ngokweqile kuzoba nomthelela ongemuhle nezinga lezimbali, futhi kuzoholela ekwakhiweni kwamahlamvu aqinile.

Ukunakekelwa okulele

Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo siphela, amaqabunga awo qala ukuphenduka ophuzi bese uwa. Lesi yisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi imbali ingena esikhathini sonyaka owomile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ekhaya, i-Alpine violet idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

1. Onke amaqabunga nezimbali ezomile kumele zinqunywe.
2. Incwajana ezinamandla zidinga ukusikwa eduze kwempande. Ukuzisika akusikhuthazi.
3. Ukunisela isitshalo akuvamile kudingekile nakumakhambi amancane. Inhlabathi kumele ibe mancane kancane ngaso sonke isikhathi.
4. Kunconywa ukuhlela kabusha ibhodwe endaweni epholile, enomthunzi.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, impilo ye-alpine violets isekelwa yi-tuber yayo.

Ukufakelwa

Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ekhaya kufaka ukufakelwa kwezimbali, okuvame ukwenziwa ehlobo. Kuyadingeka gcina eminye imithetho:

• emva kokufakelwa, ingxenye yesithathu ephezulu ye-tuber yesitshalo kufanele ihlale ngaphezu komhlabathi;
• ukufakelwa kwenziwa ebhodweni, okufanele libe likhulu ngo-2-2,5 cm kunalowo owedlule;
• inhlabathi ingalungiswa ngokuzimela, ithathe lomhlabathi wenhlabathi, umfula womfula, i-humus kanye ne-peat ngokwesilinganiso 3: 1: 1: 1;
• ngaphambi kokutshala ezansi kwembiza, kufanele uqale uthele ungqimba lobumba olunwetshiwe, bese ufaka inhlabathi elungiselelwe, lapho ubeka khona isitshalo usifafaze emaceleni ngenhlanganisela yobumba;
• ukuchelela izitshalo kungaqala kuphela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12 emva kokufakelwa;
• ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, lapho kuqala ukwakha amaqabunga, imbali kufanele ihlelwe kabusha endaweni epholile kepha enelanga.

Izimbangela zezifo

Kuyihlazo uma unakekela isitshalo ekhaya ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izincomo, kepha imbali isaqala ukubuna. Kulokhu, kungenzeka eminye imithetho yephuliwe:

• i-cyclamen ibekwe endaweni eshisayo kakhulu;
• isitshalo sitshalwa ebhodweni eliningi;
• imbali yayiniselwa hhayi ngetray, kodwa ngqo kwi-tuber;
• isitshalo asizange sondliwe isikhathi eside, noma sithelwe umanyolo ngenani elikhulu le-nitrogen.

Imvamisa imbangela yokufenda ingaba izinambuzane. Ukushintshwa kwezimbali namaqabunga kungabonisa ukuthi isitshalo sihlaselwa ngama-aphid, ama-thrips noma imikhaza. Kulesi simo, ukwelashwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka.

Ngokunisela okuningi noma ukugcina ama-alpine violets egumbini elibandayo ukubola kweshubhu kungaqala. Kulokhu, kufanele kukhishwe emhlabathini futhi kunqume indawo enesifo. Ngemuva kwalokho i-tuber igezwa kwikhambi elibuthakathaka le-potanganum permanganate, yomiswe kancane bese ihlala ebhodweni enengxube enomhlaba ogcwele.

Ngemuva kokufunda i-athikili nokubuka imiyalo yevidiyo, ungaqiniseka ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya akunzima kakhulu. Umthetho oyinhloko ukulandela ngokuqinile konke ukunconywa kwabalimi abanolwazi lapho betshala futhi benakekela imbali. Mnike isikhathi futhi unakekele, futhi uzokujabulisa ngezimbali zakhe eziningi ezinhle nezinhle.