Imbali eustoma efanelekhula ekhaya

Isitshalo se-eustoma se-perennial sidumile phakathi kwabalimi ngenxa yobuhle baso. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imhlophe kakhulu futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okuningi. Lapho sikhule ekhaya, lesi sitshalo sikhula njengonyaka.

Ukukhula kwe-eustoma

Ukutshala nokunakekela ekhaya

Ukuze ukhiqize i-eustoma ekhaya, njenge-perennial, kubalulekile ukutshala eyishumi yokuqala kaDisemba. Ngo-Agasti, kufanele athathe ama-buds. Ukufakwayo kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:

1. Lungisa izinkomishi ngenhlabathi evundile evundile.
2. Sakaza imbewu ebusweni.
3. Izilimo ezi-moisten ezinomswakama kakhulu.
4. Mboza izibuko ngefilimu ngaphezulu.
5. Vula ifilimu nsuku zonke ukuze kungene umoya bese unisela inhlabathi.
6. Dala izinga lokushisa elifanele okungenani lama-degree angama-25 nendawo ekhanyayo.
7. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, izithombo kufanele zivele, ifilimu kufanele isuswe.
8. Ngemuva kokuthi izithombo zifinyelele kubude obuyi-10-15 cm, zitshalwa emiphongolweni engapheli.

Kumabhodwe alungiselelwe, ukuqoqa okukhishwa ku: peat, isihlabathi, humus, inhlabathi enamaqabunga. Ubumba olwandisiwe kufanele lubekwe ezansi ebhodweni ukuze kukhululwe amanzi, ukuze amanzi angagxili, nama-rhizomes angaboli.

I-Eustoma isitshalo esisetshenziswayo, ngakho-ke udinga ukukhetha indawo enelanga, ngenkathi ugwema imisebe eqondile.

Ehlobo, izimbiza ezinesitshalo zingahanjiswa kuvulandi noma umgwaqo, zibekwe ethunzini elincane.

Kuyadingeka ukunisela imbali kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi vumela ingaphezulu lomile. Ukufafaza kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Ebusika, ukuchelela nokufafaza kunciphisa.

Imbali kufanele idliwe Izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga umanyolo ketshezi. Ebusika, isitshalo asidingi umanyolo. Ngemuva kokuba ukuqhakaza kuqhume, ziyanqunywa bese zibekwa endaweni efudumele nekhanya kahle ebusika.

Emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ekugcineni Maylapho kudlula iqhwa. Ukutshala isitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile:

1. Lungiselela izicucu ezinobukhulu bebhodwe lapho izithombo zikhule khona.
2. Achithe ngamanzi amaningi afudumele.
3. Gxilisa imbali kancane emhlabathini, kanye nesigaxa sobumba ezimpandeni.
4. Qinisa umhlaba ezungeze imbali kancane.
5. Mboza isitshalo ngembiza noma ibhodlela, kusuka kokubhaliwe, eziqandeni. Kuzosiza nokugcina umswakama ungaphandle.
6. Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sesiphumile, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa.

Emhlabathini ovulekile, i-eustoma ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu kunezimo zangaphakathi.

I-Eustoma iyisitshalo esihle kakhulu kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo enelanga enomhlaba ovundileukuyikhulisa ngempumelelo. Ukunisela kwenziwa nsuku zonke, njengoba inhlabathi yomisa, ikakhulukazi lapho kushisa. Kuyadingeka futhi ukufafaza lesi sitshalo nsuku zonke.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungenziwa ekuqaleni kwenyanga ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Kulokhu, izicubu eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-ketshezi ezinganyibilika kalula emanzini zilungile. Ukuze ulwe namagciwane, ama-bush afafazwa ngama-fungicides, ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esina nemvula.

Esikhathini abamba ukushisa ukusika

I-Eustoma, okuhloselwe isilayidi, iqala ukutshalwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa lapho kuvela amaqabunga angama-8-10 kuleso sitshalo. Kumele atshalwe kude nge-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukuvela kwezimbali kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-5. Uma ukusikwa kwama-bouquets kuhlelwa ehlobo, khona-ke imbewu kumele ihlwanyelwe ngoFebhuwariukuhlinzeka ukukhanya okwengeziwe nokushisa.

I-Eustoma ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zokusika

Eluhlaza ngokushisa oluvuthayo, izimbali ezisikiwe zitshalwa unyaka wonke.

Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lembali lizoba 20 degrees. Kufanele ihanjiswe nsuku zonke, kepha gwema okungakapheli. Imibala idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo kepha okuchithelwayo. Esikhathini esishisayo, abamba ukushisa, ikakhulukazi ingilazi eyodwa, kufanele kube nomthunzi.

Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo futhi kuningi, kungcono kakhulu ekuseni. Ngokuvamile, ukunisela okudonsa amanzi kufanelekile eustoma. Kufanele iniselwe ngamanzi afudumele axazululiwe. Ukomisa kwenhlabathi akumele kuvunyelwe, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizobuna.

Egreenhouse noma abamba ukushisa kufanele hlela uhlelo lwe-garter izitshalo. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu:

1. Donsela izintambo eceleni kombhede, eduze kwesihlahla ngasinye.
2. Kufakwa i-mesh ekhethekile efakwe kwizisekeli eduze kombhede wonke.

Ukutshala izimbali ku-greenhouse, kufanele futhi uwafake umquba. Efanele ama-eustomas umquba nge potassium kanye manganese. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe kabili ngenyanga, kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula.

Ngemuva kokuba imbali ithole ama-buds, isiqu sinqunywa ngaphansi kwempande. Isitshalo sidinga ukuhlela ukuphumula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-15 degrees futhi ukuchelela. Ngemuva kwalokho, amahlumela amasha anama-peduncle azovela ezimpandeni.

Izithombo ezibhebheni ze-peat

Njengoba ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-eustoma kungumsebenzi onzima, amaphilisi we-peat afanele usizo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, afakwa emanzini, bese elinda aze adumbe. Imbewu encane ibekwa phezu kwabo ngesihluku.

Hlanganisa amaphilisi njalo ngebhodlela lokufafaza. Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwesonto noma isonto nesigamu. Uthela imbewu kulula ukuyitshalakunasemabhokisini. Emabhokisini, imbewu kunzima kakhulu ukuyibeka ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Eustoma iyakwazi ukudalulwa yizifo nezinambuzane. Okuyisisekelo futhi okuyingozi kakhulu yile:

• fusarium wilting
• ukubola okungwevu
• i-powdery isikhutha
• ama-aphid
• okumhlophe
• slugs
• umkhaza
• isihlangu esikalini

Ukuqeda izinambuzane, isitshalo njalo kudingeka kuhlolwe futhi kwelashwe ngezidakamizwa: UFitoverm, Aktara. Udinga futhi ukususa izinambuzane kuzo zonke izingxenye zezitshalo, hlola izihlahla ezingomakhelwane.

I-Powdery mildew kumaqabunga eustoma

Ukuqeda izifo zezitshalo, iFundazole yezidakamizwa izosiza. Ngaphambi kokufafaza, funda imiyalo. Futhi ususe zonke izingxenye ezithintekile. Ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuthintela, wonke amabhasi aseduze kweziguli kufanele afafazwe.

Ngiyakwazi usebenzisa amakhambi abantungaphandle kokuguqukela kumakhemikhali ukwenza ingxube yezifo nezinambuzane. Faka upelepele, u-lwesinaphi, ugarliki ocobhoziwe ebhakedeni lamanzi. Okulandelayo, izinsuku ezimbalwa zokugcizelela. Kungcono ukufafaza i-eustoma kusihlwa noma esimweni sezulu esinamafu ukuvikela ukushiswa emaphepheni.

Ungasakaza kanjani: imbewu, ukutshala izimpande

I-Eustoma kuvame ukusakazwa ngembewu. Njengoba imbewu yakhe incane kakhulu, ungayithenga esitolo esivele sakhiwe. Ukuhlwanyelwa kuqala ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga:

1. Lungisa amabhokisi enhlabathi evundile nethambile.
2. Fafaza imbewu ngokulinganayo ebusweni.
3. Thela epanini lokudonsa noma isibhamu sokufafaza.
4. Mboza ibhokisi ngefilimu noma ngengilazi.
5. Beka endaweni ekhanyayo futhi efudumele, enamazinga okushisa okungenani angama-20.
6. Faka umoya nsuku zonke, bese uthambisa inhlabathi.
7. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-15, amahlumela okuqala avele, ifilimu kufanele isuswe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithombo, lapho zifinyelela amaqabunga ama-5-6, zidluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile. Emhlabathini ovulekile otshalwe ngemuva kweqhwa lasentwasahlobo.

Imbewu yezimbali ingahlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ukuze lokhu, imbewu ibekwe phezu kwenhlabathi, kude kwe-20 cm. Izithombo ezinjalo ziqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka wesibili, njengesitshalo esidala. Futhi izitshalo ezincane ezitshaliwe ezivela ezimeni zangaphakathi emhlabathini ovulekile, ziyaqhakaza ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Izinhlobo eziphambili

Okungenasisekelo

Ifinyelela ukuphakama engxenyeni yemitha. Amagatsha ahlutshiwe, angakhiqiza kuze kube ngama-30 efihlekile. Amacembe aluhlaza okhanyayo, i-matte ene-tint emhlophe. Izimbali zikhulu, zingaba nombala ohlukile. Izimbali zivela ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba.

Okungenasisekelo

Okumhlophe

Amagatsha aqobayo afinyelela ubude kufika ku-80 cm. Ama-inflorescence amhlophe ububanzi kungu-6 cm. Anezimbali ezinde. Ukuhlwanyela kumele kwenziwe ngoDisemba.

Okumhlophe

Le nhlobonhlobo igcina ukubonakala kwayo isikhathi eside ngemuva kokusika ama-buds. Ukusika kwenziwa kangcono uma kuvulwa ngokugcwele ama-buddha angama-2-3.

I-Echo

Lolu hlobo lwendalo lude, lufika kufika ku-70 cm. ukuphakama. Izimbali zalolu hlobo ziluhlaza. Bangaba nemibala ehlukahlukene: i-lavender, i-pink, emhlophe, ephuzi, ukhilimu.

I-Echo

Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Isitshalo saminyaka yonke somndeni wase gentian. Ineziqu ezinamandla neziqinile, mude kufika ku-70 cm., ekwazi ukumelana nezimbali ezinkulu eziphindwe kabili. I-buds imnyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ububanzi obuyi-6 cm.

Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Okuhlosiwe

Isitshalo sangemuva esidalwa njengengaphakathi noma ngonyaka minyaka engadini. Iziqu ezinamandla ezikhula ziphansi zombala oluhlaza okotshani.

Okuhlosiwe

Izimbali zinkulu umbala onsomi okhanyayo. Izimbali zenzelwe ukukhulisa izithombo zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina izithombo. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kuze kube ekwindla.

ISapphire

Isihlahla somdanso wefishi sifinyelela ukuphakama kufika ku-15-20 cm. Izimbali zingamasentimitha angama-5 ububanzi. Le nhlobo idingeka kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali. Kunamagatsha aqine aqinile angamelana nezimbali eziningi. Ngenxa yokuthi isihlahla sihlanganisiwe, akudingeki ukuba sisikwe futhi siboshwe.

ISapphire

Mermaid

Uhlobo lwe-eustoma lunesihlahla esifushane, esihlangene esiklanyelwe ukukhula ezimbizeni. Khula ihlathi lifinyelela kufika ku-15 cm. Izimbali ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-6 cm, zingaba nemithunzi ehlukene: oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, opinki, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omhlophe.

Mermaid

UTerry

Izitshalo ezinde zonyaka kufika ku-80 cm. Ihlukahluka kuma-inflorescence awo amakhulu we-terry kufika ku-8 cm ubukhulu. Efanele ukusikwa. Kukhiqizwa lapho ama-buds ase-2-3 esevuliwe ngokuphelele. Izimbali zingaba nemibala ehlukene.

UTerry

I-Champagne

Kungafanelwa kwezinhlobo ezinde, ezifinyelela ukuphakama kufika ku-70 cm. Isihlahla sihlwanyelwe, sinama-inflorescence aphindwe kabili kufika ku-5-6 cm. Ngemuva kokusika, izimbali zigcina ukubukeka kwazo isikhathi eside.

I-Champagne

Ama-hybrids we-Kyoto F1 Series

Izinhlobonhlobo zalolu chungechunge aziwona umhlaba. Zinemibala eminingi ehlukahlukene yezimbali. Ama-buds amakhulu alungele ukusikwa. Izimbali zenzeka ngoJulayi. Inesilinganiso sokukhula okusheshayo.

I-Hybrid Kyoto F1

I-Eustoma ingahlukaniswa ngesimo se-bud ibe yizinhlobo ezi-2: i-terry ne-non-terry. I-Terry yaziswa kakhulu, ngenxa yobuhle bezimbali zayo. Kuhlanganisa izinhlobo:

• echo
• eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• terry
• i-champagne

Izinhlobo ezingewona ama-terry zihlanganisa: zisetshenziswa njalo, mhlophe, isafire, iMermaid, nzalo yochungechunge lweKyoto F 1.

Ngokutshala okufanele kwe-eustoma, kubhekwa amasu ezolimo nokuhlwanyela, kuzojabulisa izimbali ngezimbali zayo ezinemibala egqamile yezimbali. Ngenxa yokuhlobisa kwayo, lesi sitshalo sesithole ukuthandwa okukhulu futhi siyadingeka kakhulu, ngisho nangokunakekelwa okunzima kuso.