IScutellaria isitshalo esisetshenziswa njalo, esingajwayelekile sonyaka, esiyi-shrub noma i-Half-shrub. Isakhiwe ngeziqu, kunalokho, inhlumela ye-terra. Inomphathi wokuqina endaweni eyisisekelo (zone yezimpande). Ukuhlelwa kwamaqabunga e-lanceolate esiqwini kuyahlukile ngezimpande ezimfushane.
Ngokutshala engadini, ungathola elinye igama lembali - i-scutellaria. Okungajwayelekile kakhulu imbali yalesi sitshalo. I-Shlemnik ithathwa njengohlobo lwesitshalo sasendulo, ngakho-ke, inezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo, eziningi zazo ebezivinjwa ngokuwela, futhi zonke ukuze zizuze inzuzo enkulu ngangokunokwenzeka, kokubabaza nokwelapha.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Scutellaria vulgaris (-klanywe insimbi) - zisetshenziswa nge-rhizome emhlophe emhlophe, iziqu zodwa zicishe zingabi nazo, 25-25 cm ukuphakama, zibushelelezi noma ngezinwele ezimfushane. Ihamba kuze kube ngu-2 cm ubude, oku-oval-oblong. Izimbali zitholakala endaweni eyodwa kuma-axils amaqabunga aphezulu. Izinkomishi ezimfushane zombala onsomi eziqongweni futhi ziluhlaza ngaphansi.
Isigqoko sokuzivikela seBaikal - Kubhekwa njengokuhlobisa kakhulu. Inompande obukhulu obukhulu, isiqu sihlutshiwe singenalutho noma sibhalwe kancane ezimbanjeni futhi sinamaqabunga atshalwe ngokuqinile (kanzima, kungashiwo ukuthi kunamanzi, kuma-petioles amafushane, futhi angenalutho noma nge-pubescence encane). Izimbali ziqoqwa ngezinkomishi ezinohlonze ezitholakala eziqongweni zamahlumela. Ama-calyxes ane-pubescence aminyene emaphethelweni nge-tint ebubende, kuyilapho i-corolla iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nengxenye yangaphandle inombala onsomi, icishe imhlophe.
I-squiggle squat (holly) - isihlahlana esinezinambuzane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezinyukayo, izimpande. Ingxenye engezansi yesiqu inesisindo. Amaqabunga kukhona okusaqanda, ukuqina futhi abe Isiqu eside. Izimbali zinkulu (i-2-4 cm), eziqongweni zesiqu ezindaweni eziminyene.
UCap Zaili - inezimpande ezinamahlahla, iziqu ezinamahlamvu, amaqabunga angunxantathu anezimpawu ezijulile. Le mbali inenkomishi yombala ophuzi-oluhlaza okotshani, ohlangothini olulodwa (izindebe ezingaphezulu) inomngcele onsomi opinki.
IShlemnik empumalanga - Kubhekwa njengokuhlobisa kakhulu. Iziqu zide (kufika ku-30 cm mude), zincishiswe kancane futhi zinezilima phansi. Izimbali ziphuzi, ziyahlukahluka zinendawo ebomvu kwenye yezingxenye (ekhasini eliphansi noma elingenhla le-bell) kungenzeka, noma uphuzi omsulwa nobomvu omsulwa. Amaqabunga aluhlaza grey ngombala obonakalayo emaphethelweni.
Ukufika kukaShlemnik nokunakekela endaweni evulekile
Ukuze kube nezimbali ezinhle nokukhula okuhle, kungakuhle ukuthi utshale lesi sitshalo endaweni enelanga, ugweme izindawo lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kungangena khona ngesikhathi sasemini. Ngokuqondene nokukhula ezindaweni ezimnyama, kwaphawulwa ukuthi ama-inflorescence ezitshalo ezinjalo ancane kakhulu.
Lapho ulungiselela indawo yokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi inhlabathi ilula (ingathathi hlangothi), inomswakama- futhi iyakwazi ukuphefumula (hlinzeka ngokudonsa nokukhulula). Lezi zimo zibaluleke kakhulu endabeni yokukhula kwezinhlobo zokwelapha ze-Scutellaria, i-rhizome yazo esetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe. Inhlabathi esindayo nenomswakama ingadala ukubola kwezimpande.
UMelissa futhi uyilungu lomndeni wakwa-Iasnatkovaya noma weLabretaceous, ukhula ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile futhi unezindawo zokwelapha. Zonke izincomo ezidingekayo zokutshala nokunakekela lesi sitshalo esimnandi zingatholakala kule ndatshana.
Umanyolo we-skullcap
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezinjalo zidinga inani elanele lezakhamzimba. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, umanyolo wokuqala ufakwa ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela uzungu lokuhlwanyela. Ukwakheka: ibhakede elilodwa lomquba (noma amabhakede owodwa nesigamu se-humus) ngemitha eyodwa skwele, engeza ezinye izingilazi ezimbili zomlotha (izinkuni). Ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo le ngxube ngaphezu kwesiza, udinga ukugaya inhlabathi osebeni lwefosholo.
Uma kwaziwa ukuthi umhlaba une-acidity eyengeziwe, ungangeza ufulawa omncane we-dolomite ukuze uhlukane. Ukondla okwenziwa kamuva kusenziwa ngenkathi yokukhula. Entwasahlobo, faka umanyolo nge-nitrogen fertilizer (noma i-organic, okungcono kakhulu).
Isibonelo, ungalungisa isisombululo esivela emiseleni yenkukhu noma ku-mullein bese usithululela ngaphansi kwempande, bese uthelela okuningi ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Enye indlela ephezulu yokugqoka yenziwa kakade ngesikhathi sokumiswa kwama-buds. Kulokhu, umquba we-potassium-phosphorus kufanelekile.
Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile komanyolo we-nitrogen kuvuselela ukukhula kwezingxenye zasemoyeni zeScutellaria, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ukuhlupheka kwe-rhizome (kuvinjelwe). Lokhu kuthinta kabi, futhi, amafomu womthamo. Kungaba kuhle ukondla lezo zinhlobo ze-scutellaria zokwelapha, nezimpande ezisetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe, ezinezivuseleli zokukhula. Inketho enhle kakhulu, ungasebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu ngendlela yesisombululo kusuka ekudonseni kwezinyoni.
Ukunisela isigqoko
IShlemnik ithathwa njengesitshalo esibekezelela isomiso, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokunisela njalo. Iyinkcenkceshelwa kuphela ngenkathi yesomiso isikhathi eside.
Ubusika be-Skullcap
Ukumelana nesithwathwa kungenye inzuzo yalesi sitshalo. Igobolondo ebusika alidingi. Kepha kukhona eminye imiqondo.
Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, lapho kukhula ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, kungcono ukungayinqumi ingxenye ye-aerial, ngoba izosinda kangcono iqhwa elinamandla, futhi ukuthungwa kungenziwa entwasahlobo.
Kepha ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ingxenye esemoyeni inganqunywa ekwindla, ishiye okuthile okunjengezigaxa ezincane, ubude obungu-6-7 cm.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ungaqala ukuqoqa imbewu nokumba izimpande. Imbewu isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza kabusha, futhi izimpande zomiswa kuhhavini ekushiseni okungama-50-60 ° C futhi zigcinwe ezikhwameni ezivaliwe noma ezimbizeni, kuze kusetshenziswe.
Uma isitshalo sisebenza njengento yokuhlobisa, khona-ke ayimbiwa, kodwa ishiywe ebusika. Ukunqunywa kwezingxenye zezinto zasemoyeni kwenziwa entwasahlobo.
I-Shlemnik Baikal imbewu yokulima
IScutellaria ingatshalwa ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla nokuhlwanyela imbewu. Kepha ukukhetha kwendlela kuncike ezinhlotsheni. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, iScutellaria baicalensis isabalalisa kuphela ngembewu, ngoba ijule kakhulu futhi inembayo yokususa izimpande zayo ngaphandle kokuyonakalisa, akunakwenzeka. Lolu hlobo futhi kunzima nokulufakelwa.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (maphakathi no-Mashi), kodwa imbewu yokuqala kufanele ihlukaniswe. Zibekwa esikhwameni futhi zithwelwe esiqandisini ebusika. Indlela elula yokuhlwanyela indawo ekwindla efanayo, ngemuva kokuqoqa imbewu, lokhu kuzokwenzeka njengokuqina ngokwemvelo ebusika nasentwasahlobo, ngemuva kokushisa kwezinga lokushisa, amahlumela anobungani azoqala ukuvela.
Njengoba imbewu incane kakhulu, kwanele ukuba uyihlwanyele ngqo phezulu ku-substrate enomswakama (ngaphandle kokujula), isampula kancane bese ufafaza kancane ngesihlabathi.
Icebo elincane! Ukuqinisekisa ubungako obuhle bokuvela kwezithombo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ungeze i-superphosphate encane yegranular kanye nembewu enhlabathini.
Ukunakekelwa kwezithombo zaseScutellaria
Ngokuqondene nokulungiswa kwendawo yokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, lapho-ke udinga ukunakekela ukubeka umquba emhlabathini selokhu kuwile (ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo).
Ekuqaleni, umswakama ojwayelekile womhlabathi kufanele unikezwe. Kepha lokhu kusebenza kuphela ekuhlwanyelweni, isihlahla somuntu esidala asidingi inani lokunisela loko. Kanye ngesonto kwanele isitshalo esinikezwe ukubekezelela isomiso. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ama-rhizomes angabola.
Ukuqhakaza kokuqala emavikini ambalwa kungajabulisa iso, futhi ngesonto amaqabunga okuqala azoqala ukukhahlela. Isigaba sokuqhakaza senzeka ngezinsuku ezingama-40-50, futhi ukuqhakaza okugcwele kwenzeka cishe izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala.
Ukunakekela isitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula kuqukethe amaphuzu amane okuphoqelela: ukukhulula umhlaba ezungeze isihlahla, ukususa ukhula, ukuthambisa ngokulinganayo nokugqoka okuphezulu. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-herbicides kufanele angabandakanywa lapho kukhula izitshalo zokwelapha.
Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Scutellaria ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla, yindawo okufanele ube kuyo, ezinhlotsheni zokuhlobisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isihlahla kufanele sisuswe emhlabathini ngaphandle kokulimaza, sihlukaniswe ngenombolo yezingxenye lapho i-Delenka ngayinye izoba nengxenye enhle yezimpande neziqu.
Ngemuva kwalokho atshalwe kude kude komunye nomunye okungenani ama-30- 40 cm, ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo kwe-rhizome.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kweScutellaria ngokusikwa
Kungenzeka futhi ukusikwa okungenzeka kusuka ezinhlotsheni ze-tuber. Kulokhu, ukusikwa okungaba ngu-10-12 cm ukuphakama kuyadingeka, okuhlukaniswa entwasahlobo kusuka kwisitshalo esidala futhi sinezimpande. Kepha lena indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
UShlemnik, ngokungafani nalutho, uhlaselwa nangabantu abahlukahlukene izinambuzane ezinambuzane, kepha azenzi kabi isitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungabhekana nabo nezidakamizwa ezifanayo ezisetshenziswa esizeni kwezinye izimbali nezitshalo.
Kepha ukugula okuyingozi kakhulu bola, ongabhubhisa iningi lesitshalo ngaphandle kokuphinde uthole. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo nokuphatha zokuvimbela indawo, ngaphambi kokutshala.
I-Scutellaria baicalensis izakhiwo zokwelapha kanye ne-contraindication
UShlemnik ukhulile kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, futhi ngalesi sikhathi inani elikhulu lezakhiwo eziwusizo ezitholakele elinomphumela omuhle ekwelapheni izifo eziningi.
Izimpande zezitshalo zinenani elikhulu lezinto ezisebenza ngokusebenza kwezinto eziphilayo ezinama-antioxidant (flavonoids), ama-tannins, amafutha abalulekile, isitashi, ama-alkaloids nokunye okuningi. Mina. uhla lwezicelo lubanzi. T
Isibonelo, ama-flavonoids anesibopho sokuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen ne-elastin, okudingekayo isikhumba sobuso esivuthiwe, njengoba ikhulisa ukuqina. Ngalesi sizathu, iScutellaria ayiyona ingxenye yezikhilimu eziningi. Kuphinde kukhuthaze ukungena okungcono esikhunjeni sezinye izingxenye ezizuzisayo ze-ukhilimu.
