Momordica esikhundleni ikhukhamba

UMomordika, noma ikhabe elibabayo, u-goya, ungowomndeni wethanga. Itshalwa emazweni ase-Asia naseNingizimu Melika njengesitshalo sokudla nesokwelapha. Ikhula kahle esifundeni nasezindaweni ezingamahlathi, kodwa uma kushisa kakhulu ehlobo ungathola izithelo ezivuthiwe kanye nembewu ePolesie.

Lesi yisitshalo esinesikhathi eside sokuvuthwa kwezithelo, sincamela izindawo ezifudumele ngokukhanya okuhle. I-Momordica iba nesistimu eqinile yezimpande futhi ibumba isisindo esikhulu esingaphezulu komhlaba - ubude bomvini kwesinye isikhathi bufika kumamitha ayi-3,5. Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi yesitshalo kufanele ibe ngaphezulu kwezakhi zomzimba, ezakhiwe kahle.

Kukhula Momordiki

Bakhulisa isitshalo, sinamathela ezintuthwaneni zaso, kwizisekeli, amanetha, asitshala eduze kocingo, emabhishi. Amaqabunga e-momordiki ahlobisa ngendlela engajwayelekile, aze afike ku-12 cm ubude. Ezimweni ezinhle ikhula ngokushesha. Emhlabathini ovaliwe, egumbini, ama-momordica aqhakaza ngisho nasebusika, kepha adinga impova. Ngenkathi yokukhula, lesi sitshalo sondla njalo ngomanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali, oniselwe, sigwema ukomisa ukuphuma nokukhukhumeza ngokweqile komqondo wobumba. I-Momordica nayo ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovikelekile nakulondeni.

Imbewu zeMomordiki zikhulu kunalokho, lwesinaphi ngombala. Ungahlwanyela kuqala emabhodweni noma amakhasethi anenhlama engu-8 x 8, 10 × 10 noma 12 × 12 cm.Ukutshala inhlabathi evaliwe, lokhu kungenziwa kakade ekupheleni kukaJanuwari - uFebhuwari, bese kuvulwa inhlabathi - ngoMashi-Ephreli.

Okokuqala udinga ukhipha umuthi imbewu ye-momordica ngesixazululo pinki se-potanganum permanganate (imizuzu engama-20 kuye kwengama-30), bese uyisakaza phakathi kwezendlalelo zezicubu ezimanzi bese usukuma izinsuku ezingama-1-3. Ukuze imbewu ihlume, yenza ukucaciswa, okungukuthi, ilimaze igobolondo. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono nge-sandpaper noma ifayela, kepha ngokucophelela ukuze kungonakalisi okuqukethwe imbewu. Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu iphinde isatshalaliswe phakathi kwezendlalelo zezicubu ezimanzi bese ibekwa endaweni yokufudumala (cishe amasonto amabili). Lapho imbewu ye-momordica inika izimpande futhi idedelwa egobolondweni elingaphandle, itshalwe ngokucophelela emabhodweni alungiselelwe ngokuhlanganiswa komhlaba okulandelayo: i-peat yotshani ne-humus noma i-humus kanye nomhlaba we-sod (3: 1).

Hlwanyela ekujuleni okungama-2-3 cm.Fafaza ngaphezulu ngomhlabathi oswakama noma isihlabathi bese umboza ngefilimu. Igcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama-25 degrees aze aqhamuke, emva kwalokho idluliselwe ekukhanyiseni, kancane kancane yehlise izinga lokushisa ibe ngu-20: 20 ntambama, futhi ebusuku iye kuma-14-18 degrees, ngokuzayo izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ku-18-22, nasebusuku - ama-degrees ayi-12-16. . Lapho usuthisa izithombo ze-momordiki, ungasebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo zasendlini. Izithombo zikhule ku zokugcina izithombo, zokugcina izithombo ezincane, on a windowsill efudumele.

Eningizimu, imbewu ye-momordica ingahlwanyelwa ingene ngqo enhlabathini emva kukaMeyi 15. Ukujula kokuhlwanyela kungamasentimitha ayi-5 bese umboza nge-lutrasil, ukugoqwa kwepulasitiki noma ukubeka amabhodlela epulasitiki. Susa indawo yokukhosela ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga eqiniso okuqala.

Izithombo zeMammordiki zikhula zifinyelele ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ubudala, ukuze zingaphumi noma zelule. Unenkani ngesonto eledlule. Lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi ekujuleni kwama-6-10 cm lifinyelela kuma-degrees ayi-16-18, ungatshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngemuva kukaMeyi 23-25, lapho usongo lweqhwa ludlula. I-Momordica itshalwe endaweni enelanga, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngu-100 cm. Kwanele ukutshala isitshalo esisodwa kuvulandi, njengoba usilungiselele umthamo omkhulu, ngokwesibonelo, ithangi elivela kumshini wokuwasha wakudala. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, izitshalo zivikelekile elangeni eliqondile.

Inhlabathi ye-momordica idinga i-loamy, evundile. Ekwenzeni kokufika yenza isikwele esingu-1. m 5-10 kg womquba omusha noma entwasahlobo ama-5 kg ​​we-humus, bambe. Lapho isitshalo siqala ukukhula kakhulu, kufanele kusekwe ukwesekwa. Emabangeni okuqala, udinga ukusiza ukubamba uxhaso ngosilevu.

I-Momordica ithanda umswakama kakhulu, ngakho-ke ekuqaleni iniselwa nsuku zonke, bese ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi afudumele elangeni - mayelana nebhakede lamanzi ngesitshalo ngasinye. Kumanyolo, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-mullein ebilisiwe evinjelwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 10 noma inkukhu eyehlayo ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 20. Zondliwa kanye ngeviki, ilitha elilodwa lekhambi liyadingeka kwisitshalo ngasinye.

Izici zokuphilisa ze-momordiki

UMomordiki uthandwa ngabaphethe isikhathi eside baseJapan. Umunyu ezithelweni zawo kungenxa yama-alkaloids weqembu le-cucurbitacin. Kepha lobu buhlungu obuphilayo. Kuthuthukisa ukugaya, futhi futhi nokuvikela okuhle kwezifo zesibindi, isifo sikashukela, umdlavuza, isifo sezinhlungu, i-rheumatism, i-spleen.

Izithelo eziluhlaza ze-momordiki zisetshenziswa njengamakhukhamba, ofakwe emanzini kasawoti. Futhi, izithelo ezincane zinosawoti bese zifotshwa. Ukuvuthwa, azenzi zibe munyu njengakuqala, kanti amagobolondo abomvu embewu amnandi kakhulu, amnandi. Ziyakwazi nokwelapha - thuthukisa ukugaya, qinisa inhliziyo. Ukwelashwa kwama-hemorrhoid, isikhumba sombungu sisetshenziswa.

Kodwa-ke, i-momordica ayelulekwa ukuthi isetshenziswe abesifazane abakhulelwe, futhi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele ziqashelwe amazinga kashukela. Amaqabunga nawo angadliwa, asetshenziselwa ukuvikela isifo sezinso, izilonda zesisu nezinqubo zokuvuvukala.