I-Basil yisitshalo sonyaka esinephunga elimnandi elifanelekile, kuye ngezinhlobo zezitshalo, ezingakhula zibe isihlahla esihlangene noma esihlotshiswe kahle.
Isikhathi sezimbali salesi sitshalo siba ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi (mhlawumbe ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, kuya ngokuthi itshalwe nini emhlabathini). Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile lanqwabelana emaqabungeni, ngenxa yokuthi amakhasi aqala ukukhipha iphunga elibunjiwe, futhi lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuvuna.
Isivuno sibekwa ungqimba oluncane endaweni eyomile neyomnyama lapho kungatholakali khona ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nokuthamba. Isitshalo esomile kahle asilahli umbala waso, ukunambitha nokuhogela, futhi ngemuva kokoma, amaqabunga aqhekeka kalula futhi, uma kunesidingo, angumhlabathi abe yimpuphu. Izinongo ezomile zigcinwa esitsheni sengilazi ngesembozo esivaliwe. Ngale ndlela, ingagcina izinzuzo zayo nephunga layo iminyaka emi-3-4.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Ngombala Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaqabunga e-basil: luhlaza okotshani. I-basil eluhlaza isetshenziselwa ukulungisa izitsha zaseMedithera, nobubende - iCaucasian neCentral Asia.
Ngephunga: ulamula, i-clove, i-anise, i-pepper, i-peppermint, i-menthol, i-caramel ne-vanilla aromas.
I-Basil Emnandi noma yena ezejwayelekile, camphor - isitshalo esineziqu zaso zesibhakabhaka esifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-50-70. Iziqu namaqabunga anendawo engemihle yokuthintwa futhi anambitheka kahle i-tart. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zalolu hlobo kungatholakala: "I-Ararati", "Umlingo WaseMpumalanga".
Basil onsomi - isitshalo sonyaka. Yathola igama layo ngenxa yombala onsomi okhanyayo wamaqabunga. Inephunga elivezwa ngaphezulu uma liqhathaniswa nezinhlobo eziluhlaza. Izinhlobo ezinamakha kakhulu: "Okuhlosiwe"nokuthi"Moyiseni".
I-Basil eluhlaza umele amahlahla amancanyana anamaqabunga aluhlaza okhanyayo.
ICinnamon Basil amahlathi afinyelela ukuphakama okungama-40-60 cm, anamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile, anamaqabunga acwebezelayo aba ne-lilac hue nephunga eliphakeme lesinamoni.
I-Lemon basil umele amahlahla amancanyana (afinyelela ku-30-35 cm ukuphakama) ngamahlamvu aluhlaza anephunga lelamula.
I-Basil emnyama ("upelepele") uhlukile kwezinye izinhlobo ngombala wazo ongashisi; iziqu namaqabunga awo onsomi omnyama, kwesinye isikhathi afinyelela cishe kumibala emnyama.
Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ungathola izihlahla ezifika kuphela kuma-30 cm ukuphakama noma amasentimitha amade - 55-65 cm. Izici ezinambitheka zibonakaliswa iphunga le-pepper elibizwayo, eligcinwa kahle ngemuva kokumiswa.
I-basil ebomvu - isitshalo esifinyelela kuma-30 cm ukuphakama, sinamaqabunga abomvu - ama-lilac. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, anephunga elimnandi kusuka ku-vanilla obucayi kuya kwephunga le-clove eliqinile.
Ukutshala kwe-Basil nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile
Elinye lamaphuzu abalulekile lapho kukhula i-basil yisikhathi esitshalwe emhlabathini. Njengoba lokhu kuyisiko elithanda ukushisa kakhulu, izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-20-25 ° C. Ngisho nesithwathwa esincane kakhulu singawonakalisa amaqabunga e-basil ezintekenteke. Isikhathi esifanele yisiphelo sikaMeyi - ukuqala kukaJuni.
Lapho ukhetha indawo yalesi sitshalo esinamakha, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uthanda izindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle ezinenhlabathi ekhanyayo, ezibandakanya i-humus, i-peat kanye nomquba. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukuthambisa inhlabathi ngesisombululo esiqukethe i-potassium sulfate, i-potassium chloride ne-urea engxenyeni efanayo (0.5 amathisipuni / ilitha lamanzi).
Izithombo zitshalwe emibhedeni, zigcina ibanga phakathi kwezithombo ezingamasentimitha angama-20. Kungcono ukukwenza lokhu eduze nakusihlwa (ukuze isitshalo esikhule singatholi isibani selanga), ngosuku olufudumele.
Ukunisela i-basil
Ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngamanzi athambileko nanozinzile. I-Basil ayidingi ukuthambisa kakhulu (kungabi ngaphezu kwesibili ngesonto, lapho kungekho khona imvula nokushisa komoya okuphezulu), ngoba ukumiswa kwamanzi emhlabathini kugcwele izifo.
Ukuthambisa kwenziwa kanye ngenyanga ngomanyolo we-nitrogen (ngokwesibonelo, nitrophoska - 2 wezipuni / amalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
I-basil pruning
Ukususa ukhipha izimbali nezingxenye eziphakeme zeqabunga kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole isihlahla esikhanyayo, okusho ukuthi sinamaqabunga amnandi ngokwedlulele.
Ukutshala imbewu ye-Basil
Le ndlela yokusabalalisa ingendlela elandelayo: imbewu kumele ifakwe kunoma yisiphi isixazululo se-stimulant (ngokwesibonelo, i-Epin) amahora angama-8-10.
Ngemuva kwalokho yoma ngendwangu bese usula imbewu esele ihlwanyelwe emabhokisini noma endaweni evulekile bese uyimboza nge-polyethylene. Lawula i-hydration, amanzi njengoba kudingeka, futhi kancane. Ngemuva kwamaviki awu-1.5-2, izithombo zizoqala ukuvela.
Ukusakazeka kwe-basil ngokusika
Ngale ndlela yokukhiqiza kabusha, udinga amagatsha ambalwa wesitshalo esivele sikhulile futhi esinempilo. Izimbambo zifakwa emanzini ngokufakwa kwesikhuseli sokukhula.
Ngemuva kwamaviki awu-1.5-2, izimpande zizoqala ukuvela, okusho ukuthi zingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile noma ezimbizeni.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu iqiniso lokuthi i-basil ayikwazi ukutshala minyaka yonke endaweni efanayo, hhayi ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-4-5.
Izifo ezihlasela kakhuluumlenze omnyama, fusarium futhi ukubola okungwevu) okuqhamuka ekwephuleni imithetho yokunakekelwa: ukumiswa kwamanzi emhlabathini, kukhule endaweni eyodwa iminyaka eminingana, kungakhanywa kahle futhi kungachotshozwa umhlaba (kuyadingeka ukuthi kukhululwe umhlaba ngokuzungeza isihlahla ngezikhathi ezithile ukuvimba ukwakhiwa koqhubu).
Isitshalo esinezifo siyasuswa kanye nenqwaba yenhlabathi ezungeze izimpande. Uma lesi sifo sitholwa ekuqaleni kwesikhashana, ungazama ukufafaza nsuku zonke ngokufakwa kwe-anyanisi husks (ngesilinganiso se-100 g ye-husk / 400 ml yamanzi abilayo - qinisa usuku) noma isixazululo se-sulfate yethusi (1 ithisipuni / 2 l lamanzi).
Basil izakhiwo ewusizo kanye contraindication
I-Basil isitshalo esinempilo kakhulu esiqukethe amavithamini C, B2, PP, ascorbic acid, provitamin A, ushukela, carotene, P-rutin noququile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga e-basil acebile emafutheni abalulekile aqukethe izinto ezilusizo kubantu: i-saponin, camphor, octimene, cineole, methylchavinol, eugenol, estragol.
I-Basil inezici zokuvikela umzimba ezifweni ezivikela ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukhunta kanye namagciwane emgudwini wokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi izimpawu zokunciphisa i-bronchitis ne-asthma.
Kuyinto ye-antipyretic ne-diaphoretic, ekwazi ukuhlanza ama-mucus emaphashini asemakhaleni namaphaphu, ithuthukisa kakhulu ukugaya (ukumuncwa kwezakhi zomzimba kanye nokushiswa kwamafutha), iqinisa uhlelo lwezinzwa (lukala ukulala, ivuselele umsebenzi wengqondo futhi ithuthukise inkumbulo).
Contraindication: njengoba lesi sitshalo siqukethe amakhompiyutha we-zebus, akufanele kudliwe yizingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisikhombisa ubudala futhi zikhulelwe, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-basil ngamanani amakhulu kungalimaza ngisho nomuntu omdala, umzimba onempilo futhi kuholele ekutheni ubuthi.
Ukumiselwa kwe-BasilThela isigaxa somswakama owomile, ogayiwe we-basil (8-10 g) ngengilazi eyodwa yamanzi abilayo, shiya amahora angama-4-5, ubunzima ku-cheesecloth bese uthatha itiye.
Amafutha e-Basil: Faka ama-4-5 amaconsi e-basil abalulekile kucezu lweshukela (elicwengiweyo) bese uthatha amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku ngemuva kokudla.
Bath nge-basil: phisa isamba esincane se-basil herb ngamanzi abilayo, gcizelela, gxobhoza bese uthelela kubhavu. Ungathathi imizuzu engama-20.
I-Basil powder: Gaya utshani obomile ngodaka kuze kube amafomu e-powder bese usebenza ezindaweni ezine-edema.
Ukuvunwa kwamakhambi: Thela amanzi abilayo ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ku-basil, sage ne-lime balm, ugcizelele amahora angama-5-6 futhi uthathe njengetiye noju ukuze uqinise izinzwa futhi ucacise ingqondo.
Utamatisi nge-mozzarella neresiphi ye-basil
Ekuphekeni, amaqabunga namahlumela asetshenziswa womabili, asha futhi omisiwe, aphelele noma aqoshiwe kunoma iyiphi indishi yenyama, yezinhlanzi noma yesaladi. I-Basil ibaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni ukhukhamba, i-zucchini ne-squash.
Izithako:
- Ushizi weMozzarella - 125 g
- usawoti, upelepele (omnyama womhlaba noma umxube we-pepper) - ukunambitha
- Utamatisi we-Cherry - ama-8-10 ama-pcs., Noma ajwayelekile - ama-2 ama-pcs.
- anyanisi oluhlaza ukunambitha
- ulethisi - ama-4-5 ama-PC
- i-basil - amaqabunga ama-5-6
- dill - isixha esincane
- uviniga we-balsamic - 1 tbsp. l
- amafutha e-olive - 2 tbsp. l
Ukupheka: uma usebenzisa utamatisi we-Cherry, mane uwasike waba izingxenye ezimbili, futhi uma utamatisi ojwayelekile, uwasika ku-cubes amakhulu.
Sula ushizi kusuka ku-brine bese uxubha kancane ngamanzi abilisiwe, bese usika kumabhubhu amakhulu afanayo notamatisi.
Sika i-basil ibe yimichilo emincane, dill no-anyanisi oqoshiwe.
Hlohla imifino oqoshiwe utamatisi noshizi. Usawoti kanye nopelepele ukunambitha. Ukulungiselela ukugqoka, i-olive yamafutha omnqumo neviniga yebhalsamu kuhlanganiswa.
Thela isaladi ukugqoka, engeza amaqabunga e-ulethisi (awukwazi ukusika, kepha vele uklebhule ube yizicucu ezincane), hlanganisa.
I-Basil Pesto Recipe
Izithako:
- amaqabunga e-basil eluhlaza - 30g
- iparsley (ishiya kuphela, ngaphandle kwesiqu) - 10 g
- I-Parmesan - 50g
- nuts zikaphayini - 40g
- ugarlic - 2 ama-clove
- usawoti wolwandle (ama-coarse) - 2/3 tsp
- amafutha e-olive (intombi eyengeziwe) - 100mm
- uviniga weviniga (omhlophe) - 1 tsp
Ukupheka: gaya ugalikhi ngosawoti wasolwandle odakeni kuze kube bushelelezi.
Fry amantongomane wepanini epanini imizuzu eminingana, uvuselele njalo, kuze kuvele ukunambitheka okumnandi okunempilo kanye nombala wegolide (ungaphuzi!).
Grate parmesan ku-grater enhle.
Geza i-basil ne-parsley kahle, khetha amanye amaqabunga, womile. Gaya kancane bese uthele ku-blender, engeza ugarliki ogayiwe ngosawoti, amantongomane nezipuni ezimbalwa zika-oyela. Siqala ukuzulazula sisebenzisa isivinini esiphansi kuphela, sivikela usosi ekushiseni. Faka i-oyela esele noviniga. Ngemuva kokwakheka kwesisindo esiningi, kusasele ukungezelela ushizi, hlanganisa futhi nakho konke - isoso isilungile.
Gcina esitsheni sengilazi esiqandisini, kungabi ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-5.
Kubalulekile: inani lamafutha lingashintshwa ngokuya ngobuningi obudingekayo; ukuba khona kweviniga yeviniga kunikeza isoso ukubhula okuthile, awukwazi ukukufaka.
