Ukulandisa ngogesi osetshenzisiwe, kusetshenziswa amadivayisi akhethekile - amamitha kagesi. Ukuxhumeka kwamamitha kagesi we-DIY kwenziwa ngokwemithetho ethile.
Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kwemitha kagesi
Umgomo wokuhlangana kagesi uyefana kumadivayisi ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, kepha ngedivayisi yawo ahlukaniswe ekusetshenzisweni nakuzogesi.
Ukungeniswa noma imitha ye-elekthronikhi
Ezibalini zokungeniswa kukhona idiski ye-aluminium ejikelezisa amakhoyili amabili:
- Amandla kagesi axhunyiwe ngokufana nomthwalo futhi alinganisa i-voltage yenethiwekhi;
- Okwamanje kuxhunyiwe ochungechungeni nomthwalo.
Lapho kukhudlwana i-voltage yamanje noma i-voltage, i-aluminium disk ijikeleza ngokushesha, idlulisela ukujikeleza ngegiya lesibungu esibonisweni sedijithali. Ukuze wehlise i-inertia yokujikeleza kwe-disk, kutholakala uzibuthe waphakade ngaphakathi kwensiza, okunciphisa kancane ngensimu yayo.
Ngokukhwabanisa okuhlukahlukene, amadivayisi anjalo we-metering angenziwa ukujikeleza ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngakho-ke, izinkampani ezihlinzeka ngogesi zizifaka esikhundleni zazo ezintsha, ze-elekthronikhi.
Idivayisi yemitha kagesi
Imitha yamandla kagesi iguqula amandla alinganiselwe abe isiginali ye-analog futhi, kamuva, ibe yedijithali.
Ingxenye eyinhloko yalesi sixhobo yi-microcontroller egcina ithrekhi kagesi osetshenzisiwe. Idlulisela isiginali embukisweni wamanzi we-liquid noma isibonisi se-electronics, kanye nohlelo lwe-ASKUE (uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokuqapha nokubalwa kwezimali zikagesi).
Lezi zinto zokubala zinokuvikela okujikelezayo okuguquguqukayo, kanye nezimpawu zamandla ezinamandla kagesi.
Imidwebo ye-wiring yamamitha kagesi
Ukuxhuma imitha kunethiwekhi kuxhomeke kwinani lezigaba namandla alinganiselwe wamanje nevolumu futhi akuxhomekile ekwakhiweni kwalawa madivayisi. Amabhulokhi wokugcina kulawa madivayisi abekwa uphawu ngabalawuli benethiwekhi yamandla.
Amamitha kagesi wesigaba esisodwa
Imitha yesigaba esisodwa ixhunyiwe nge-block terminal evaliwe. Uma usebenzisa ama-switchers anamuhla noma agesi, ama-windings wesibili ama-transformers axhunyiwe kuwo. Kunama-terminals amane kwi-terminal block:
- ucingo olungenayo lwesigaba;
- isigaba esiphumayo;
- ucingo olungena hlangothi;
- zero ephumayo.
Isibalo esilandelayo sibonisa umdwebo wokuxhuma wemitha kagesi.
Ungaxhuma kanjani imitha yesigaba ezintathu
Lamadivayisi angamamitha amathathu esigaba esisodwa ngokuhlelekile endlini eyodwa.
Amamitha kagesi we-induction anamadiski amathathu e-aluminium ku-eksisi eyodwa, kanti elezogesi zinebhodi elivamile.
Ebhulokhi lesibhedlela kunama-terminals ayisithupha wesigaba ahlelwe ngababili - abathathu abangena nabathathu abaphumayo nabesikhombisa, zero. Njengamamitha wesigaba esisodwa, axhunyiwe ngokuqondile noma nge-transformer. Kwamanye amamodeli, kunezindawo zokugcina ezimbili. Umdwebo wokuxhuma wemitha yezigaba ezimbili yinguqulo entshisiwe yemitha yesigaba ezintathu.
Ukuxhumeka kwemitha yezigaba ezintathu endlini yangasese kwenziwa ngesivumelwano nenhlangano yokuhambisa ugesi.
Ukuvula amamitha kagesi ngokusebenzisa abashintshi
Uma kunesidingo, ulinganise amandla kumanethiwekhi amanje noma i-voltage yawo idlula evunyelwe yamadivayisi we-metering asetshenzisiwe, imitha ixhunyiwe nge-transformers yamanje kanye ne-voltage.
Ukubalwa kukagesi osetshenzisiwe kwenziwa ngokuphindaphindwa kokufundwa kwemitha ngesilinganiso soguquko.
Ungayifaka kanjani imitha kahle
Ukufakwa nokuxhumeka kwamadivayisi we-metering kagesi kwenziwa ngokuya ngesahluko 1.5 se-PUE.
Isikhathi sokuqinisekisa isimo
Lapho uthenga imitha kagesi futhi uyifaka, kufanele uhlole ubukhona besibonakaliso sokuqinisekiswa kwesimo nosuku saso. Leli tywina lisemzimbeni we-apparatus, ngokuhlukile kunenkampani yamandla esise-block termin.
Ikota ikhonjiswa ngezinombolo zaseRoma, kanye nonyaka wokuqinisekiswa kombuso ngesi-Arabhu emuva. Ngokuya kwe-PUE, isikhathi esiphakathi kokuqinisekiswa kombuso nokufakwa uphawu kwamamitha endaweni yokufaka akufanele kube ngaphezulu konyaka wensiza yesigaba esithathu namabili edivayisi yesigaba esisodwa. Ukuthi idivaysi ibisebenza ayisebenzi yini.
Ukufakwa kwamamitha kagesi
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukufakwa kwamadivayisi anjalo kuvunyelwe ukwenziwa endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-0.8-1.7, imvamisa yenziwa ukuze isibonisi sibe sezingeni elifanele ukuthatha ukutadisha nokubheka ubuqotho bezimpawu.
Imitha ifakwe ngokuqondile, ngokuphambuka okuphezulu okungu-1 °. Lo mthetho wasungulwa wamamitha wokufakwa, ukunemba kokufundwa kwawo okwakuxhomekeke kuleso sikhundla, kepha akuzange kukhanselwe ngokwenzeka kwamadivayisi we-elekthronikhi lapho lokhu akunandaba.
Uma imitha yokungenisa inikezwa isikhundla esisezingeni, khona-ke iyama. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa ngokushesha kwamadivayisi anjalo kwavalwa uphawu ngabaphathi be-Energy.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokufakwa nokuxhumeka kwamadivayisi we-metering inqunywa yi 1.5.27-1.5.29 PUE.
Ngokwale mithetho, imitha kufanele ibekwe endaweni elungele bobabili abaninikhaya nabahloli benkampani yamandla. Imvamisa ifakwa kukhoramu noma emnyango wangaphambili. Kufanele futhi icabangele izimo zangaphandle - izinga lokushisa, umswakama nabanye. Ezakhiweni eziphakeme zokwakhiwa kweSoviet, amadivayisi anjalo abekwe esihlangu emnyango.
Izinsimbi zibekwe esisekelweni esiqinile, kuphaneli evulekile noma evaliwe, kwikhabhathi elilawulayo noma ngokuqondile odongeni.
Ungaxhuma kanjani imitha kagesi endlini yangasese yomgwaqo
Imithetho yokufaka imitha kagesi endlini yangasese yomgwaqo ayihlukile kwimithetho yokufakwa endlini ngaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, emazingeni okushisa aphansi, insiza ingakhombisa idatha engalungile. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwangaphandle, ngokusho kwe-PUE 1.5.27, isihlangu kufanele sifakwe futhi sishiswe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufinyelela kusihlangu ngeke kube abanikazi nabahloli kuphela, kepha futhi kungaphandle. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kwezinye izimo, izinkampani ezihambisa amandla zifuna ukufakelwa kwesihlangu emgwaqweni. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukulawula ubuqotho bezimpawu futhi uthathe ukufundwa.
Amanani wamanani wamanani wamanani wegezi
Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi akufani ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zosuku. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kukagesi ngezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu, izinkampani zikagesi zinikezela ukufakwa kwamamitha kagesi entengo ephindwe kabili.
Lawa madivayisi we-metering anaka amandla aphelile ngokuqina okwandayo noma okwehlayo. Kuya ngesikhathi sosuku kanye nezilungiselelo zedivayisi. Amanani athize ahluka esifundeni nesifunda.
Imali ekhokhwayo yendawo ehlukene kabili:
- ntambama ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1;
- ebusuku, 23,00-7,00 i-coefftire iyancishiswa.
Intela yemikhawulo emithathu:
- ntambama, u-10.00-17,00 no-21: 23,00.00, isilinganiso ngu-1: 1;
- ngesikhathi samahora aphezulu, i-7.00-10,00 ne-17,00-23,00 ikhuphukile;
- ebusuku, phakathi kwamahora amancane, 23,00-7,00, amandla ashibhile, ngenhlanganisela eyehlayo.
Imishini enjalo isiza ukwehlisa imali ekhokhisa amandla, ikakhulukazi uma ufaka imithwalo enamandla, njengomshini wokuwasha, isitsha sokugeza izitsha noma u-boiler, emahoreni kagesi ashibhile.
Ngaphandle kokuthi amadivayisi anjalo kanye nezinhlelo zawo zibiza kakhulu kunaleyodwa-zone, lokhu kuyazuzisa. Okusebenzayo kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa kokushisa kukagesi nemitha yamanani amabili.
Kulula ukuxhuma imitha ngokwakho. Kubalulekile ukuthobela yonke imithetho ye-EMP, ngaphandle kwalokho umhloli wenkampani yamandla uzophoqa ukuthi enze umsebenzi kabusha, okuzoholela ezindlekweni ezengeziwe nasekulahlekelweni yisikhathi.
