I-Iris imbali: incazelo nezinhlobo, isithombe

Ama-Irises noma, njengoba abizwa kanjalo ngomusa, ama-rooster noma ama-whales abulala, ayaziwa esintwini kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo futhi asatshalaliswa cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Lezi zimbali ezingenakubekeka zibukeka njengama-orchid futhi zingaba nemibala ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi yonke imibala yemibala yothingo. Kungakho lesi sitshalo saqanjwa ngegama likankulunkulukazi wamaGrikhi uthingo, u-Iris. Ukusuka kwizimbali uthola izingcezu ezinhle kakhulu (bheka isithombe), ezingenamahloni ukwethula njengesipho.

U-Iris uwuphawu lwethemba nethemba, ubuntu obunothando nobungani. Zitholakala pheze ndawo zonkeKodwa-ke, leli qiniso alithinti ukukhanga kwabo nokuthandwa kwabo. Izinganekwane zakhiwa ngalezi zimbali, ziphakanyiselwe ezingeni lezimpawu futhi zinikezwe amandla obugqi, futhi ngesizotha abesilisa bathula nje basinike ubuhle babo.

Izinhlobo zama-irises: incazelo nesithombe

Uhlobo lwe-iris noma i-iris lubandakanya izinhlobo ezingama-800. Izimbali ezithandwa kakhulu kwezimbali zezimbali zezimbali ezinentshebe, zenani lemibala ehlukahlukene kanye nomumo ongajwayelekile. Emabouquets abukeka emuhle kakhulu. Emhlabeni wesayensi, izitshalo zinokuhlukaniswa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okubandakanya amabanga amaningana, kepha kumuntu we-layman, ukuphikisana okunqunyelwe lapho ukhetha izinhlobo kuyindlela yombala nefomu.

Amakamelo okudlela kanye ne-miniature, efana ne-aryl-like ne-aryl-like, emfishane futhi ene-flowals encane, emangalisa futhi emude - kunzima impela ukuqonda zonke lezi zinhlobo zezinhlobo. Ngakho-ke, sizogxila kuma-irises anentshebe, athola ukuthandwa okukhulu kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali, futhi okuvame ukubonwa kuma-bouquets.

• Ulwandle iBaltic . Uhlobo lwe-iris lwaseJalimane olunentshebe ejulile enemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nasemaqandeni esibhakabhaka ancibilike kahle.
• I-opal ye-Imperial . Lolu uhlobo lwezitshalo ezingenantshebe zaseSiberia ezinezimbali eziphuzi ezinkulu (ezifika ku-10 cm); kukhona umngcele omhlophe emaphethelweni wamaphayini. I-Peduncle ephezulu, kuze kufike ku-80 cm.
• Khombisa indlovukazi . Izinhlobo eziqinile zobusika zaseSiberia ezinezimbali ezimhlophe eziphaphathekile, ezansi yazo kukhona intamo ephuzi.
• Solveig. Ukubuka kwe-iris yaseJapan ngezimbali ezinkulu ze-lilac noma izimbali eziluhlaza okotshani. Uma unethuba lokunikeza isitshalo inhlabathi evame ukuthambisa (kwesinye, le mbali ayikhuli), khona-ke kufanele unake i-iris eshisayo. Izinhlobonhlobo zeFlore Pleno neNdlovukazi yegolide isetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ukubiyela izindawo zokugcina.

Uma ufuna ukwakheka kwengadi yakho ukujabulisa ubuhle bayo kuyo yonke inkathi yehlobo, ungathenga izinhlobo zezikhathi zezimbali ezahlukahlukene nokuphakama. Futhi-ke kusukela maphakathi noMeyi, izinhlobo zokuqala zizoqala ukuqhakaza kuwe, kancane kancane zidlulise i-baton ezinhlotsheni zezikhathi zokuqala zezimbali (ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni). Kuyo yonke inyanga kaJuni, ingadi yakho izohlotshiswa ngemisebe ephakathi nendawo. Futhi ekugcineni, ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, izitshalo sekwephuzile ziyaqhakaza. Lokho wukuthi, ungavuma le mibala engajwayelekile cishe kulo lonke ihlobo.

Ukuphakama kwesiqu sezimbali kuyacwila zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu alandelayo:

• mude. Zikhula ngaphezu kwe-0.7 m ukuphakama;
• mude maphakathi (37-70 cm);
• undersized (kufika ku-35 cm).

Akunandaba noma luhlobo luni lwe-iris olubukayo, izitshalo eziqhakazayo zihlobisa noma iliphi ikona lesivande sakho futhi ngeke likudumaze.

Ukukhula

Zonke izindwangu ngaphandle kokukhetha ziyizithombe eziningi, noma kunjalo, lapho kukhethwa okuhlukahlukene, ukuhlobana kwabo nomswakama kufanele kubhekwe. Emhlabathini onomswakama ojwayelekile, ama-iris waseSiberia akhula kahle, emxhaphozini, emhlabathini omanzi njalo, izinhlobo ezinjenge-bristle, ophuzi kanye neKempfer zikhulile. Emhlabathini owakhiwe kahle - izinhlobo nezinsalela zezinwele ezingenasici.

Ukufakelwa irises kwenziwa kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ukufezekisa ukuqhakaza okumnandi, badinga ukuthuthwa kabusha njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4Ama-irise aseSiberia - kanye njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.

Izici zokutshala i-irises enentshebe

Ama-irises ane-Bearded ahlukaniswa ngobuhle bawo obukhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, futhi ngokukhula kwawo okuhle nokuqhakaza, ukubulawa kuyadingeka imibandela eminingana ebalulekile:

• Lesi sitshalo kufanele sitshalwe emagqumeni ukuze ukuhamba kwamanzi ancibilikisiwe kungagcobhozi izimpande;
• Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakusebenza kokuklanywa nokudonsa okuhle;
• isiza sokutshala i-iris enentshebe kufanele sikhanyiswe kahle;
• Sebenzisa umanyolo we-potash ne-phosphorus njengokugqoka okungaphezulu;
• inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala kumele iphathwe ngemithi yokubulala ukhula ukuze ichithe ukhula;
• umquba omusha akufanele ungeniswe enhlabathini njengomanyolo;
• isihlabathi kanye ne-peat kufanele kufakwe kwi-loam, inhlabathi yobumba enhlabathini enesihlabathi, umlotha wezinkuni noma ushokozi esimweni se-acidic.

Ukuzala

U-Irises uzalela njalo emva kweminyaka engama-4-5 ngokuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes ekugcineni kwenkathi yezimbali (ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi-ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti). Ucezu lweminyaka eyodwa kuya kwemibili ubudala enehlumela lokuvuselela nesigaxa seqabunga elihlanganisiwe lihlukaniswa ne-rhizome yomama. Impande yomama ngaphambi badinga ukufudumala elangeni izinsuku ezingama-5-6. Ukutshala ukuhlukanisa kufanele kube okuphezulu, ukufafaza phezulu ngensimbi yomhlabathi. Ubusika, okutshalelwe emincane kumbozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce noma afakwe ngotshani.

Izimbali eziluhlaza okhula kancane, kanye nama-irises ezinhlobo ezomile ezithandekayo atshalwe ngaphambili kwe-mixborder kanye nama-rockeries. Izinhlobo ezinomswakama ezinothando, impela, zibekwa kahle kakhulu eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi. I-Bearded iris ihlanganiswe ne-lavender, i-coreopsis, izinhlobo ezimangalisa ze-goldenrod, i-geyhera kanye ne-peonies zakha izihlanganisi ezimibalabala ezinemibala eminingi nemibhede yezimbali.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Lezi zimbali ezinhle nezimangalisayo zinezinambuzane eziningi, ngakho-ke, ukuze ulwe ngempumelelo nezinambuzane, kufanele wazi izindlela zokubhekana nazo.

• Scoops. Isinambuzane esikhohlisayo kakhulu esidla izisekelo zemilenze. Kulokhu, ama-irises aqala ukuguquka aphuzi futhi ekugcineni afe. Ukuze ulwe nezinambuzane, ikarbofos isetshenziswa kabanzi. Lesi sitshalo siphathwa ngalo muthi kabili ngenkathi yokukhula ngekhefu leviki elilodwa.
• Ama-Thrips. Lezi zinambuzane zivame ukuhlasela ngenkathi eyomile. Isethulo sezimbali siyawohloka, ama-buds alahlekelwa umbala wawo nesimo sawo esithandekayo, kukhona ukwephulwa kwenqubo ye-photosynthesis emaqabunga. Zithola i-tint emdaka futhi yomile. Ukuze uchithe ama-thrips, ungasebenzisa indlela yabantu, okulandelayo: Insipho ye-kabhele (40 g) ku-grater u hlanganise ne-shag (400 g), uthele le ngxube ngamanzi bese uyiyeka idlule izinsuku eziyi-10. Hlikihla bese usicubungula izimbali ngekhambi. Ngenhloso efanayo, ama-kalbofos angasetshenziswa ngokuya ngemiyalo.
• At i-cercosporiasis kanye ne-ascochitosis ukusonteka nokufa kwamaqabunga kuyabonakala. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwama-irises. Kamuva, amaqabunga akhula futhi, kepha-ke, lokhu kuthinta ubude bezimbali nosayizi wezimbali. Izitshalo zingasizwa ngokufafaza ngesisombululo se-90% se-oxychloride yethu (30 g ye-oxide / 10 l yamanzi).
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukomiswa kwefihlekile kungenzeka ngokuhlulwa kwama-irises isikhumbuzo segwababa. Kulokhu, isixazululo sama-20% sezinambuzane eziyimfihlo sizosiza: 2 ml of confidor is ukuxubaniswa namanzi (10 l).

Kukholelwa ukuthi lezi zitshalo, yize zinezitha eziningi, kodwa ukumelana nemiphumela yabo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze izimbali zikujabulise ngombono wazo omuhle, akufanele ukhohlwe ukunakekelwa okufanele kwazo.