Ngokungafani nezitshalo eziningi ze-tuber kanye ne-bulb, ezikhula cishe ngaphandle kokushiya, i-gladiolus ayisiyisiqholo. Lawa abamele abathandekayo bomndeni ka-Iris, osishintshe isikhathi eside isimo sesitshalo esidala esingenathemba, onqobayo ngama inflorescence amade amade futhi adinga ukunakekelwa okuhlala njalo. Kepha yonke imizamo eyenziwe ukunikeza i-gladioli ngokunisela okudingekayo nokugqoka okuphezulu kukhokhelwa ngokuphelele ubuhle bezimbali, ukungagudli, okumibalabala nokungazi kwabancintisana engxenyeni yesibili yesizini.
Gladioli.
Ukutshala kwangaphandle kwe-gladioli
Ukunisela ngaphandle kokulibala
I-Gladioli ikhiqiza ama-inflorescence amakhulu amakhulu futhi aphakeme kakhulu wama-corms alesi size, kepha awakhi izimpande ezinamandla ikakhulukazi ezinganikeza umswakama ovela ezingxenyeni ezijulile zenhlabathi. Futhi yingakho, ngokungafani namanye ama-bulbs amaningi, ama-gladioluses adinga ukuthambisa. Kumele zisekelane ngemvelo, zenziwe ngezikhathi zesomiso ngeviki noma okungenani kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-10.
Ukuze ama-gladioluses aqhakaze umbala futhi ngobuningi, adinga umswakama ojwayelekile womhlabathi aze ajule cishe ngo-30 kuya ku-30 cm, lapho inqwaba yezimpande zalezi zitshalo itholakala khona. Ukunisela okungaphezulu kwe-gladioli akulungile neze, ngoba ngeke kuholele kuphela ekukhuleni ngokushesha kokhula, kodwa futhi kuzolimaza izicubu zezimpande zezilimo eziyizigaxa ngokwazo. Kulesi sitshalo, kubhekwa njengokufanele ukukha amanzi ngesibalo samanzi angama-1-1,5 wamanzi ngamamitha skwele wenhlabathi ngaphansi kokutshala.
IGladioli ayithelwanga hhayi ngokuqondile amahlumela namaqabunga, kepha emiseleni noma emzileni (ingcono kusengaphambili, lapho itshala, ilala kumuntu ongaba ngu-3-5 cm ikakhulukazi ekuniseleni). Amanzi kwinqubo akufanele nakancane awele emaqabunga esitshalo, futhi ngokunisela imifula ngokuphumelelayo kuzogwema ingozi yokusabalala kokubola.
Gladioli.
Ukuvulwa kwenhlabathi njalo
Inqubo ngayinye yokunisela kufanele iphele ngokuvulwa kwenhlabathi, okungeke kuvume ukuqothuka kwakhiwe futhi kuzogcina ukuvama komoya kwendawo engaphansi, ukusatshalaliswa okungcono komswakama engxenyeni yenhlabathi ephakathi. Ngemuva kokukhulula, izitshalo zimbozwe kancane ngomhlabathi futhi uqiniseke ukuphinda ubeke izingadi zokunisela (ekujuleni okufana nokwenzeka lapho utshala - kusuka 3 kuya ku-5 cm). Ukuthukulula kwenziwa ngemuva kwemvula enkulu, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele - njalo, ngokuvama kwesikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-10. Ukuphela kwendlela yokugwema izinqubo ezichitha isikhathi ukwakha ungqimba.
Nakekela i-mulch
Ukufakwa ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula kwezitshalo kuzovikela ama-gladioli ezindlini zesimo sezulu, kuqede isidingo sokukhululwa kuze kube izikhathi ezi-3 ngenyanga, futhi kuzogcina kahle umswakama enhlabathini, kuvimbele ukhula ukuthi lungabikhona. Isu elihle ukwakha isendlalelo se-humching se-humus, i-peat, umquba, izinaliti zikaphayini, utshani noma utshani ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela e-gladioli afinyelele kubude be-10 cm.
Ungakhohlwa ukhula
Ngokungafani nokunisela, ukhula lwe-gladioli lwenziwa kuphela izikhathi ezi-3 noma ezi-4 phakathi nehlobo, futhi kaningi ngisho nakancane. Uma ukuvulwa kwenhlabathi kuvundulula noma ukufaka izigaxa ezibandayo kufakwa ohlelweni lokunakekela lezi zitshalo, khona-ke kusebenza njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela ngokumelene nokusakazwa kokhula futhi kunganciphisa inani lokhula lwendabuko lube lincane. Isu elihle kakhulu le-gladioli ukususa ukhula olusencane ngendlela efanelekile, ukuvikeleke ekuqhakambiseni futhi kumanzise ukukhula kwama bulb uqobo. Noma ungasinaso isikhathi sokunakekelwa okuphelele ngokusho kwayo yonke imithetho, awukwazi ukusebenzisa isikhathi sakho ku-gladioli futhi uhlanganyela ekuhlanganiseni nasekukhuliseni, ungavumeli ukhula lugcwalise izindawo ngaphansi kwezimbali kakhulu - kulula ngokumangalisa ukuphuma, gladioli ayizithandi izimbangi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusakazwa kokhula kuzothuthukisa ingozi yokutheleleka ngezinambuzane nezifo, ukubekeka engcupheni yama-slugs kanye namacimbi, okufinyelela kalula emacembe amnandi alesi sitshalo.
Gladioli.
Into enzima kakhulu ekunakekeleni i-gladioli umsoco
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo ekukhuleni lezi zitshalo. Ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo ukuthi i-gladioli ayikwazi ukuthwala isomiso ngokwayo isikhathi eside futhi idinga ukuthambisa okuhlelekile, incike ekuphindweni kabusha kwamazinga ezakhiweni emhlabathini. Ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo eziningi zasensimini, ngoba i-gladioli azikho izindlela zokuphakela ezilula. Isheduli yomanyolo we-gladioli kufanele ihambisane nezigaba zokuthuthuka, ngoba ngaphandle kokondla isitshalo kunzima ukuya esigabeni esilandelayo futhi ukhule futhi ukhule ngendlela evamile.
Ukugqoka kokuqala okuphezulu kwe-gladioli neqhaza ekuqaleni kokukhula kwazo, kuyadingeka ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kwamahlumela aqhamuka ku-tuber, ukwakhiwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yeqabunga nokubekwa kwezinyawo. Esigabeni sokuqala, i-gladioli idinga kakhulu i-nitrogen, kepha inani layo akufanele libe likhulu ngokweqile, ngoba okweqile kwalesi sakhi kungabambezela ukuqhakaza. Inani elikhulu kakhulu le-nitrogen gladiolus likhishwa emhlabathini esiteji sokuvela kweqabunga lokuqala leqiniso, kepha ukondla kungcono kakhulu esakhiweni seqabunga le-2-3. Ngakho-ke, ngalezi zidingo, ukugqokwa kokuqala kokuphezulu kufakwa ngendlela yamanyolo we-nitrogen kudosi evamile noma ukuxutshwa okugcwele kwamaminerali okunokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-potassium kuyangezelelwa (25-30 g wamanyolo we-nitrogen + 15-20 g we potash + 30-40 g we-superphosphate). Ingxube yezimbiwa ingathathelwa indawo inhlanganisela yamanyolo we-organic, njenge-mullein noma umquba wezinkukhu ngokufakwa komthamo wesigamu we-superphosphate ne-potanganum permanganate. Uma utshale izinhlobo sekwephuzile noma otshalile ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi-Juni, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen kuze kuvele amaqabunga ama-4, futhi esimweni sezulu esingesihle noma endabeni yezinto eziphilayo enhlabathini, feza umanyolo wokuqala ngoJuni kuphela.
Lapho kuvela amaqabunga angama-5-6 kulesi simila, ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ku-gladioli kucishe kuyeke, futhi ukufinyelela i-phosphorus kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhakaza nezithelo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqhakaza nakuzo zonke izigaba zokulungiselela ukuqhakaza. Okondla okwesibili kufanele futhi ibe nezinto ezintathu, kepha ngesilinganiso esehlukile sezinto. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-gladioli yenza umthamo ojwayelekile wengxube ye-phosphorus-potassium noma i-10-20 g yomanyolo we-nitrogen ne-potassium kanye ne-20 g ye-phosphate.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqhakaza uqobo, isikhathi sokuthuthuka sesithathu siqala, lapho i-gladioli idinga kakhulu i-potassium. Okwesithathu ukondla kwenziwe ingxube ye-potassium-phosphorus ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa noma ekuqaleni kokuhamba kwe-peduncle, okwenza kube yi-30-40 g ye-phosphate ne-15-20 g yamanyolo we-potash. Kusukela maphakathi no-Agasti, ama-gladioluses awakwazi ukondliwa.
Kukhona okunye Izinqubo eziyisithupha zokudla, zivame ukusetshenziswa lapho usika i-gladioli:
- Ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lokuqala leqiniso, ama-gladioli aduthiswa ngomanyolo we-nitrogen ngesilinganiso esingu-25-30 g ngokufakwa kwe-20-25 g ye-potash nge-1 m2 yenhlabathi.
- Esigabeni samaqabunga ama-3-4, kufakwa i-10-20 g yomanyolo we-nitrogen ne-potassium kanye ne-2 g ye-boric acid.
- Ngemuva kokukhishwa kweqabunga lesithupha, kufakwa ama-15 g we-nitrogen kanye nama-30 g wamanyolo we-potash.
- Ngesikhathi sokubonakala kwe-peduncle nokuqala kokuqhakaza, kumanyolo umanyolo wamaminerali usetshenziswa inani lama-30 g.
- Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kufakwa ama-15 g we-phosphate no-30 g wamanyolo we-potash.
- Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, ama-gladioli ayathelwa ngesisombululo se-5 g se-potanganum permanganate nge-10 l lamanzi.
Qaphela: Uma kulunge kakhulu kuwe ukuthi ungalandeli ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo kanye nezigaba ezidlula kuzo, ungasifaka isicelo somanyolo ojwayelekile ngokuchelela okujwayelekile ngamaconsi ancishisiwe, kulokhu, ukufaka umanyolo njalo emavikini angama-2-3 futhi usebenzise nomanyolo womhlaba wonke wokutshala izitshalo ngesikhathi sokunisela.
Umanyolo we-gladioli ufiseleka ukufakwa kwifomu lewuketshezi, ukugqoka okuphezulu okwenzelwe wona akusebenzi. Uma unesikhathi esithe xaxa, kungcono ukuhlukanisa umthamo ojwayelekile womanyolo ngesigamu bese ufaka ukugqoka okubili kanye nokuphumula kwesonto esigabeni ngasinye.
Ngokungezelela kokugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu, ukusheshisa ukuqhakaza kwezimbali nokuthuthukisa izimfanelo zokuhlobisa, kufinyelela ukugqokwa kwama-foliar amathathu aphezulu kuzo zonke izinhlaka zokutshala ze-gladioli, ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokuhluma, kusetshenziswa izixazululo ezinamanzi ze-potanganum permanganate, i-sulfate yethusi, i-boric acid noma izingxube ezikhethekile zezinto ezilandelwayo. Ukugqoka phezulu kwe-foliar kungenziwa kuphela kusihlwa noma ngezinsuku ezinamafu, ngokufafaza kahle ngangokunokwenzeka, uzama ukufaka ingxube ngendlela yokuthi umanyolo awele ezinhlangothini zombili zamaqabunga.
UGladioli kumashubhu.
Ukuqashwa kokufakelwa isiqinisekiso esiyinhloko sempilo ye-gladioli
Awudingi ukubheka kuphela ukhula. Zihlole njalo izitshalo ngokwazo, unaka amaqabunga bese uphawula izikhala ezincane kakhulu zokuqwashisa. Uma kunezimpawu zokugula, ukwehla, uphuzi kanye nokomisa ngaphandle, qeda izitshalo ezinesifo ngokushesha, noma ngabe ungaqiniseki ukuthi zithinteka yisifo sokukhunta. Izinhlobo ezinjalo kufanele zimbiwe ziphinde zishiswe, zingalindi ukuthi le nkinga isakazekele emasikweni angomakhelwane.
I-Garter noma i-Hill
Ama-gladioli amaningi adinga ukwesekelwa okwengeziwe, ngoba ama-peduncle awo mude kakhulu futhi asindayo, athambekele ekuhlaleni. Kunamasu amabili okusekela we-gladioli:
- Garter. Kwama-gladioli, ngokwesiko hhayi kusekelwa umuntu ngamunye, kepha ama-twine noma ama-twine amiswe ngemigqa phakathi kwamakholomu noma azungeze iqembu lezitshalo elizobamba ama-peduncle.
- IHill. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ama-gladioluses ambiwa enhlabathini aze afike ku-10 cm esiteji sokuqhakaza kwesihlanu kwalelihlamvu. Ngenxa ye-spudding, inhlabathi engaphezulu kohlelo lwezimpande ifudumala kangcono, isitshalo sizokondla ngokwengeziwe, izimo ezizinzile zizokwakhelwa ukukhula okusebenzayo nokukhululwa kwama-peduncle anamandla, okungeke kudinge ukusekelwa okwengeziwe.
Gladioli.
Pruning gladioli
Ukusikwa okuqondile kwe-gladiolus inflorescence kuthinta hhayi kuphela ukumelana kwabo ngezinxhaxha, kodwa futhi ekwakhekeni kwama-tuber buds. Ukusikwa kwesiqu sezimbali kulezi zitshalo kufanele kwenziwe kuphela kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu, lapho izitshalo zingadingi umswakama futhi zingazihluphi ngokushisa.
Akufanele ulinde ukuqhakaza okugcwele kwazo zonke izimbali ezikwi-inflorescence kanye nokuhlobisa kwayo okukhulu: kuyadingeka ukusika isiqu sezimbali lapho kuvulwa imbali eyodwa noma amahlumela amabili aphansi apendwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene yezinhlobonhlobo futhi alungele ukuvula. Ama-inflorescence anjalo aqhakaza ngokuphelele emanzini, athuthwa ngokuphelele futhi amele isikhathi eside esimangazayo.
Ukusika izingunda zezimbali ze-gladioli, khumbula ukuthi akufanele uthinte amaqabunga uwasuse kanye ne-inflorescence. Yilezo zitshalo kuphela ezizokwazi ukukhula futhi zikhule ngendlela ejwayelekile, zivuthwe ngesizini ezayo, lapho kungagcinwa khona amaqabunga agcwele ngaphansi kwe-4 isibani, bese amaqabunga angama-7- 000 asesimweni esihle. Sika ama-inflorescence kuphela ngommese obukhali, ekhoneni eliphansi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphezulu kweqabunga, kodwa ngaphandle kokubuza. Ukuze uthole isiqu sezimbali ezinde, awukwazi ukusika, kepha ukusonteka, ukusika kancane kusuka ohlangothini olufushane lwesiqu, bese wephula futhi ugoba ihlumela futhi ulibambe ngobumnene ngaphezu kwephuzu lokuphuma kuqembe, ulisontekile ngokucophelela.
Ukunquma ngaphambi kokugcinwa kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokumba. Noma ngabe usuvele usinqume zonke izithungo zezimbali, ungawasusi ngokuphelele imifino, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu inqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-bulb.
