I-Oleander isihlahla esihlala sikhona esihlala sinezimbali ezinamaqabunga ansundu anesikhumba, iziqu ezinsundu nezimbali ezinamakha aqhakazile. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yingxenye esentshonalanga yeChina, iMorocco nezindawo ezishisayo zasePortugal. Izitshalo zase-Afrika azinconywa ukuba zigcinwe ngaphakathi ezindlini, ngoba zikhipha uthuthu olunobungozi olubangela isiyezi nekhanda.
Le mbali yashintshwa yezimo zangaphakathi yayitshalwe eningizimu yeYurophu. Ukunakekela i-oleander enjalo kulula kakhulu, kepha kudinga ukuhambisana nezincomo ezithile.
I-Oleander noma i-pink laurel - incazelo, isithombe
I-oleander ibizwa ngokuthi i-pink laurel ngoba iziqu zayo ezinsundu zigqitshwe okufanayo, njenge-laurel, amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esimilo esikhanyayo.
Umuthi ukhula ngokwemvelo kufika kumamitha amane. Ekhaya, isihlahla se-oleander singakhula sibe ngamamitha amabili. Kungakho kunconywa ukuthi uyigcine emagumbini aphakemeyo ngokukhanya okuhle.
Izimbali ezinamakha amahle we-pink laurel ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence e-carpal futhi zingaba lula noma ziphindwe kabili. Esithombeni egalari yethu ungabona izitshalo ezinezimbali eziphuzi, ezibomvu, ezipinki nezimhlophe.
Lapho ukhula i-oleander, kufanele wazi ukuthi isitshalo siqukethe ujusi onoshevu. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ngokucophelela kakhulu. Akunconyelwe ukubeka imbali egumbini lokulala, egumbini okuyohlala kulo izingane nezilwane ezifuywayo, nokuthi zihlahla nini isihlahla Kunconywa amagilavu, usibekele ubuso bakho.
Kodwa i-oleander ingaba wusizo olukhulu. Ochwepheshe baphawule ukuthi endlini lapho le mbali enhle ihlala khona, kukhona ubuthi obuncane kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ze-oleander - isithombe
Isitshalo sihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu:
- I-oleander ejwayelekile.
- Indian.
- Okuthambile.
I-oleander ejwayelekile inezinhlobo eziningi ezinemibala ehlukene yezimbali. Izinhlobo zezitshalo zakudala ezinayo umbala omhlophe, ophuzi, obomvu nopinki. Izimbali zezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid zingaba mhlophe kakhulu ngesithwathwa esimhlophe futhi esimibalabala, zise-monophonic futhi zihlotshiswe kahle.
Ama-oleanders amaNdiya nanamakha awakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo, noma kunjalo, lokhu akusho ukuthi akukho lutho oluhehayo kuzo.
Isibonelo, ukusuka kuJuni kuze kube ngu-Okthoba, kuqhuma ama-Indian oleander eziqhakaza ezinkulu ezinamaphasi amahlanu, izimbali eziqhakazile ezinephunga elimnandi, ezingaba ophuzi, zibomvu, zipinki, zimhlophe. I-oleander enamakha ikhula ibe amasentimitha angama-50 kuphela, futhi inephunga elimnandi.
Oleander - ukunakekela nokulima
I-pink laurel isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, okungakhuliwa ngisho nomlimi oqalayo ekhaya.
Ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle futhi sichume, sidinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle. Okuhle kakhulu ngalokhu ngamafasitela abheke ohlangothini oluseningizimu mpumalanga. Lapho imbali itholakala ngasohlangothini olusenyakatho noma emuva kwegumbi, ukuntuleka kokukhanya kunganxephezelwa ngokukhanyisa okwenziwe ngobuciko.
Ehlobo, i-oleander inconyelwa ukuba ithunyelwe ngaphandle komgwaqo noma i-loggia. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo kumele sivikeleke emvuleni naselangeni eliqondile. Esikhathini sobusika, imbali kuyadingeka emuva amalambu we-fluorescent. Isikhathi sasemini kufanele sithathe amahora ayisishiyagalombili, futhi amalambu akufanele abekwe ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa ukusuka ehlathini.
Izimo ezifanele zokukhulisa i-oleander
I-Pink Laurel ithanda umoya omanzi, okushisa okuzinzile nenhlabathi evundiswe kahle. Ngakho-ke, lapho uyinakekela ekhaya, kuyadingeka landela eminye imithetho.
Ehlobo, gcina izinga lokushisa lomoya ngaphakathi kwe-23-28C.- Ebusika, izinga lokushisa kufanele lehliselwe ku-10-15C.
- Amanzi i-oleander kufanele ibe inala, ngokushesha emva kokoma kwengqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi.
- Uma izinga lokushisa elisendlini ekwindla nasebusika alidluli i-20C, khona-ke kunconywa ukunisela imbali ingabi kathathu ngesonto.
- Amanzi okunisela kufanele avikelwe. Kufanele kube emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha ukuthambisa futhi uvikele inhlabathi acidization. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlelo lwezimpande luzoqala ukubola, futhi i-oleander ingafa.
- Esikhathini sokushisa nokushisa, isitshalo kufanele sifafazwe. Uma igumbi selomile kakhulu, iziphetho zamaqabunga ziyoma.
- Kuyenzeka unikeze umswakama ophakeme womswakama ngosizo lwebhodwe nge-drainage drainage, ebekwe eduze kwesihlahla.
- Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lapho i-oleander ikhula futhi iqhakaza, idinga ukugqoka okungaphezulu. Ukuze uthole lokhu, ungasebenzisa umanyolo okhethekile noma okhethekile.
- Kunconywa ukondla imbali ekuseni noma kusihlwa, ihora ngemuva kokunisela.
Ehlobo, gcina izinga lokushisa lomoya ngaphakathi kwe-23-28C.Ukudlulisa nokukhipha i-oleander
Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola isitshalo, kuyadingeka kusuka ku-peat otshalwe waba substrate evundile, ezingaba izinhlobo eziningi:
- ingxube yomhlaba wensimu, umquba kanye ne-peat;
- ingxube ye-humus nobumba.
Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa njalo entwasahlobo, futhi nabantu abadala - njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu.
Ngokufakelwa okufanele, kumele:
- Phansi ebhodweni kuthululela ungqimba lwamanzi, okungathathwa njengodaka, ubumba olwandisiwe noma amatshe amancane.
- Thela inhlanganisela encane yobumba engxenyeni yesibili.
- Khipha ngokucophelela imbali esitsheni esidala bese uyibeka ku-substrate.
- Cishe izimpande zesitshalo zengeza inani elifanele lomhlabathi bese ziwucindezela ngasikhathi sinye ezimpandeni.
Ngemuva kokuba isihlahla selitshaliwe, kufanele liniselwe kakhulu.
Ukuze i-oleander iqhume kakhulu, ngesikhathi sokuyinakekela, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthenwa okuvamile. Le nqubo yenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, kuyilapho amagatsha kufanele enqunywe engxenyeni yonke yobude.
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi ngonyaka batusa ngokuphelele sinqume amahlumela athile abuthakathaka. Lokhu kuzokwenza indawo yokukhula okusha, futhi isihlahla esingezansi singadalulwa.
Amacembe abolile kufanele asuswe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokulimaza ama-inflorescence anganikeza izimbali eziphindaphindwayo.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona lapho kukhula i-oleander
Ukukhula ekhaya kunoma yisiphi isitshalo, kufaka phakathi i-oleander, ngeke kube nezinkinga ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukunakekelwa okungafanele noma ukunakekelwa, izifo, izilokazane kungabhubhisa imbali.
Ngakho-ke kunesidingo ukutadisha izinkinga eziphambiliukuthi abatshali bezimbali bavame ukuhlangana nabo lapho benakekela i-oleander yegumbi:
Uma amaqabunga esitshalo omile futhi ebuna, khona-ke cishe awunawo umswakama owanele.- Isihlahla singaphonsa amaqabunga lapho izinga lokushisa lekamelo liphansi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nasehlobo, izinga lokushisa kufanele ligadwe, futhi ngobusuku obubandayo imbali kufanele ilethwe egumbini.
- Amaqabunga aphuzi esihlahla abonisa ukuthambisa ngokweqile noma Umanyolo ongafanele walembali.
- I-oleander ingayeka ukuqhakaza ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya, umoya omncane ophansi noma izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphakeme kakhulu. Futhi, isizathu singambozwa ebhodweni eliqinile kakhulu.
- I-oleander ingalahla ama-buds ngenxa yokunisela isitshalo ngamanzi abandayo noma izinga lokushisa eliphansi egumbini.
- Itholwe amachashazi amnyama, amaqabunga akhombisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sigula isifo fungal. Ukhunta lumboza ngokuphelele iqabunga eliluhlaza, njengomphumela lapho inqubo ye-photosynthesis iphazamiseka, futhi isitshalo siba buthaka.
- Amaqoqo ansundu kanye namhlophe emaqabungeni angama-thrips, izimbuzane zesigcawu, imaybubug noma izinambuzane zesikali. Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kufanele kube ngosizo lwama-insecticides akhethekile.
- Ukuba khona kweziqu eziqwini, naseqabunga - amabala amhlophe akhombisa ukuthi isitshalo sinomdlavuza we-oleander noma i-bacteriosis. Ngokususa amaqabunga athelelekile, ungazama ukonga imbali.
Uma amaqabunga esitshalo omile futhi ebuna, khona-ke cishe awunawo umswakama owanele.Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukubheka izimo ezimanzi nezinga lokushisa, izinkinga ezinjalo akufanele zivele.
Izindlela zokuzalela i-Oleander
Propagate Oleander ekhaya ngezindlela ezintathu:
- air layering;
- ukusika;
- imbewu.
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa komoya kuyindlela elula elula futhi ephumelelayo. Ukuze kubonakale izimpande, kubalulekile ukusika igatsha, ususe amagxolo bese wehlisa isikhala esinikeziwe esitsheni samanzi noma esihlabathini esimanzi.
Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, igatsha linqunywa esisitshalweni esikhulu futhi litshalwe kungxube yobumba elungiselelwe.
Ukusika i-oleander
Ngosizo lwe-cuttings, isitshalo sisakazeka entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amahlumela anqunywa esihlahleni, ubude bawo okufanele bube ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Ukuze ubambe imbamba, ungasebenzisa ukusika okusele ngemuva kokukhipha i-oleander.
Izindawo zokusonga ziyadingeka phatha nge-carbon powder, bese ubeka izingcezu engxenyeni yesihlabathi, perlite namalahle.
Isitsha esinezinkuni ezisikiwe kufanele sibekwe egumbini elikhanyiswe kahle ngombuso wokushisa ozinzile. Ukuvimbela ukusika kungaboli, ukuthambisa kufanele kube ngokulinganisela.
Cishe inyanga eyodwa kamuva, amahlumela azonika izimpande, futhi angadluliselwa enhlanganisweni enezilinganiso ezilinganayo zomhlaba we-peat, i-turf, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Imbewu ye-Oleander inokuhluma okuphansi, ngakho-ke kunconyelwa ukuyitshala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, impahla yembewu ifakwe imizuzu engamashumi amathathu kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-fung fung noma i-potanganum permanganate. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele zibanjwe ihora. ngesixazululo se-heteroauxin noma i-zircon.
Imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe ngokuphelele engxenyeni yobumba efanayo lapho i-oleander ikhula khona. Izinga lokushisa elisegumbini lapho imbewu lihluma khona kufanele libe ngaphakathi kwama-30-35C. Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi, khona-ke imbewu ingahle ibole, noma ukuvela kwezithombo kuzolibaziseka isikhathi eside. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, izithombo ziyahluma ngezinsuku eziyi-10-12.
Ukunakekela izithombo ifaka:
ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe ngombani wokufakelwa;- ukungenisa umoya egumbini;
- qinisekisa ukushisa okuphezulu nomswakama ophezulu;
- Ukushintshwa kwezitshalo ezinamaqabunga amathathu kuya ezimweni ezijwayelekile zokuboshwa.
ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe ngombani wokufakelwa;Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga angempela angama-4-5, amahlumela amancane e-oleander atshalwe emabhodweni ahlukile.
Ukukhula futhi usakaze i-oleander ekhaya kulula ngokuphelele. Lesi sitshalo esingenakuthembeka, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, siyojabulisa futhi simangele isikhathi eside ngesimbali saso esihle, esikhanyayo nesihle.
