Kuze kube muva nje, bekukholelwa ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba kukhule imbali enhle kangako, kodwa enhle kakhulu njenge-orchid ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, namuhla sikhule ngempumelelo inani elikhulu labatshali bezimbali. Kodwa ukuze imbali enjalo iphile isikhathi eside futhi ijabule ngobuhle bayo obuyingqayizivele, kuyadingeka ukufunda ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani kahle.
UWanda uthathwa njenge orchid wasebukhosini. Igama elifana ne- "Vanda" linezimpande zakwaSanskrit. Lesi sitshalo sibizwa nangokuthi eNdiya. Ngakho-ke, le nhlobo yaqanjwa nguSir William Jones ngo-1795. Le orchid ibaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo siwela kalula ngakho-ke sinezalo eziningi.
I-Wanda isitshalo se-epiphytic esinezimpande zezwe. Ikhetha ukukhula emadwaleni, kanye nezihlahla, kepha hhayi ebusweni benhlabathi.
Uhlobo lolo luqukethe ikhethini lokukhula ("le-moja-legged"). Okusho ukuthi, isiqu se-vanda sikhula ngokukhethekile phezulu futhi singafinyelela amamitha ambalwa. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-25 zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.
Lesi sitshalo ngokwemvelo singatholakala eThailand, eMpumalanga naseNyakatho neNdiya nasentshonalanga yeChina.
Inesiqu esisho kahle, esimbozwe ngokuphelele ngamaqabunga cylindrical. Ama-Peduncle avela kuma-axils amaqabunga. Ziphethe izimbali eziningi ezinkulu ezanele (ububanzi kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-10 amasentimitha) ezingapendwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene yemibala, eziyinhloko yilezi: nsomi, nsomi, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Phezu kwezimbali kukhona imichilo yombala omnyama, ofana negridi. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza isikhathi eside, zivame ukufika kumaviki ayi-12.
Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Wanda Orchid Ekhaya
Ukuze i-vanda ikhule futhi ikhule ngendlela ejwayelekile, idinga izimo ezikhethekile zokuboshwa nokunakekelwa okufanele.
Ukukhanyisa
Lesi sitshalo esinenqwaba yezithombe, kepha akufanele sivunyelwe ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kumahlamvu, ngoba kungadala ukushiswa. Uma kunokukhanya okuncane kakhulu, khona-ke isitshalo ngeke sivele siqhume. Isikhathi sasemini kufanele sibe ngamahora ayi-12 unyaka wonke. I-orchid enjalo ithanda ukuguquguquka, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Uma kunesidingo, i-vanda ingakhanyiswa ngamalambu we-fluorescent. Ehlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa langaphandle lingama-degree okungenani ayi-16, kunconywa ukudlulisa imbali emoyeni omusha. Okokuqala, kufanele ibekwe emthunzini oyingxenye, futhi kubalulekile ukujwayela ukukhanya kwelanga kancane kancane.
Ukuthi kunokukhanya okwanele kwesitshalo kungaqondwa umbala nobukhulu bamahlamvu. Umbala kufanele ube luhlaza ojwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, uma amaqabunga eluhlaza okomnyama - isitshalo asinakho ukukhanya okwanele, uma kuphuzi okuluhlaza okotshani, ukukhanya - kukhulu kakhulu. Esimweni lapho amaqabunga okugcina emide kunalawa aphelile, ukukhanyisa kwenziwa kakhulu, kanti uma kunalokho, i-penultimate pair yinde, lapho ukukhanya kukhishwa.
Imodi yokushisa
Uthanda ngemfudumalo. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhula ebangeni eliphakathi, i-vanda idinga ukushisa kwama-degree angama-18 kuye kwangama-30 ngesikhathi sasemini okungenani nama-degree ayi-16 ebusuku. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme egumbini, ukukhulisa umswakama okufunwa yisitshalo. Futhi imvamisa ye-airing nayo kufanele ikhuphuke.
Ukuvuselela ukuqhakaza, isitshalo sikhombisa ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa kwansuku zonke. Kulokhu, umehluko wokushisa ungafinyelela kuma-10 degrees.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Kunconywa ukukhula lolu hlobo lwe-orchid ngohlelo lwezimpande olungenalutho, olufaka isandla ekujikelezweni komoya okungcono. Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi ukhule egcekeni elikhethekile, eliqukethe amagxolo kaphayini ochotshoziwe nokungcola okuhlukahlukene.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Lesi sitshalo sidinga imijikelezo emanzi neyomile ukuze iguqulwe. Uma kushisa ngaphandle, udinga ukunisela i-vanda kanye ngosuku, futhi ngenkathi ebandayo - kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2 (mhlawumbe ngaphambi kwasemini). Ukusakazeka kwamanzi eduze kohlelo lwezimpande akufanele.
Imbali enjalo inganiselwa ngezindlela eziningana:
- Ishawa eshisayo - Le ndlela ilungele kakhulu i-vanda. Lesi sitshalo kumele sibekwe kubhavu futhi amanzi afudumele kakhulu kufanele aniselwe kusukela kugeza kuze kube izimpande zishintsha umbala ube luhlaza. Shiya isitshalo okwemizuzu engama-30 ukuze wonke uketshezi oluningi lukhanye. Imizuzu engama-60 ngemuva kokugeza, amaqabunga kufanele asulwe ngesigaxa esenziwe ngendwangu yemvelo.
- Ukucwilisa - ibhodwe eline-orchid kufanele licwiliswe esitsheni esigcwaliswe ngamanzi amasekhondi angama-30. Ngemuva kwalokho isitshalo kufanele sikhishwe silinde eminye imizuzwana engama-30 kuze kube yilapho kukhipha uketshezi oluningi. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo ezinempilo ngokuphelele ezinamanzi kuphela.
- Ukunisela kungaba - Ukunisela kwenziwa esiseleni ukuthambisa. Amanzi kufanele athululwe ngokucophelela emaphethelweni ebhodwe kuze kube yilapho uketshezi luqala ukugcwala kuwo. Ngemuva kokudonsa amanzi ngokweqile, ukuthambisa kumele kuphindwe.
- Ukufafaza - Le ndlela isebenza kuma-vandas akhule ngohlelo lwezimpande olungenalutho, ngoba yomile ngokushesha.
Umanyolo
Ukondla le imbali kuqukethe ukumunyanisa kusuka ku-sprayer noma ukumanzisa emanzini, okufudumele ngama-5 noma ama-6 degrees kunokushisa komoya. Le nqubo yenziwa ekuseni, nasezinsukwini ezishisayo zasehlobo ntambama. Kwenqatshelwe ukuthambisa lesi sitshalo kusihlwa noma ebusuku, ngoba lokhu kungavusa ukukhula kwesifo.
Kuyadingeka ukufaka umanyolo we-vanda kanye ngenyanga ngamanyolo wezimbiwa. Zonke izingxenye zomanyolo kufanele zithathwe ngokulingana. Kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi ancibilikisa amagremu ayi-13 omanyolo aqediwe. Bondla isitshalo ngesikhathi sokuchelela. Izinhlobo ezintsha, uma zifunwa, zondliwa isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini angama-1-2.
Ukuqonda ukuthi ngabe umanyisela i-vanda ngendlela efanele, udinga ukunaka ukubukeka kwawo. Ngokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba, ukuqhakaza buthakathaka. Uma isitshalo sidotshwa ngokweqile, siba sibi kakhulu, futhi ingxenye engenhla ithamba. Naka amaqabunga amancane, ebusweni bawo kukhona umucu oluhlaza okotshani wesentimitha ububanzi. Imigqa emincane ikhombisa ukuntuleka komanyolo, futhi ububanzi obubanzi (kufika ku-2 amasentimitha) kukhombisa ukweqisa.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Ngaphambi kokufaka le orchid, kufanele uhlole uhlelo lwezimpande futhi ususe izingxenye ezibolile. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngenkathi izimpande zomile. Kudingeka ukufakelwa okuhleliwe ezitshalweni ezincane, futhi kulabo abanezimpande ezinde kakhulu kuzoba nzima ukuthatha izimpande endaweni esemusha.
Isitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo uma:
- umugqa ongaphansi uboshwe ngokuqinile futhi ungavumeli umoya ukuba ungene;
- umugqa osezingeni eliphansi, uvuza amanzi kabi futhi womile isikhathi eside;
- inhlabathi ingcolile futhi ayilingani;
- izimpande zijule kakhulu emhlabathini;
- ukubola kwavela ohlelweni lwezimpande.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kusetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni zelebhu. Lapho ikhule efulethini, i-vandu ingasatshalaliswa ngokutshala imifino. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ½ ingxenye yengxenye ephezulu yesiqu ihlukaniswe futhi itshalwe emhlabathini. Kufanele ibekwe endaweni enomthunzi, efudumele futhi iqinisekise ukufafazwa okujwayelekile (isikhathi esingu-1 ngosuku). Ungamanzi. Izindawo zokusikeka ziphathwa ngamalahle ochotshoziwe.
Izinambuzane nezifo
IVanda ingangenwa yilezi zifo ezilandelayo:
- I-Atrophy yezingxenye zezimbali - kwenzeka ngenxa yokudonsa ngokweqile noma ngokweqile kwesistimu yezimpande. Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha.
- Imikhaza yesicabucabu kanye esobala Hlanza amahlamvu kahle ngamanzi anososo. Ungasebenzisa amakhemikhali akhethekile, kepha ikakhulukazi awasebenzi.
- Imifantu kumaqabunga amaqabunga - ingavela ngenxa yokupholisa ngemuva kokunisela, umanyolo owedlulele, ngenxa yokulimala kwemishini, ngenxa yenani elikhulu le-nitrogen enhlabathini, futhi futhi ngenxa yokushiswa yilanga. Akuphathwa.
- Ukutheleleka nge-fungus kungathathelwa ngamanzi noma ngamaconsi omoya - Amabhloksi amnyama, i-mucus kanye namaphethini angajwayelekile avela ebusweni bamahlamvu. Isitshalo kumele sihlukaniswe, izingxenye ezithintekile zisuswe, zibulawe amagciwane bese ziphathwa nge-fung fung.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane - Kuvela amabala emise okwendandatho ngaphezulu kwamahlamvu. Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha ngokuphelele.
- Ukubola okumanzi (i-bacteriosis) - kwenzeka ngenxa yamagciwane.
- Ukushisa ukushisa - lesi sitshalo sivezwe umoya oshisa ngokweqile. Kubukeka sengathi kushiswa yilanga.
- I-Fusarium wilt - amafomu endawo amnyama ahlanganisiwe ekuhlanganyeleni kweqabunga ngehlumela. Ipuleti lishidi liyawa bese liyafa.
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo
Izinhlobo eziphambili
UWanda uvuvukele
Le nhlobo inesiqu esikhulu esihlutshiwe, esingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3, kanye nenqwaba yezimpande. Amaqabunga avuvukala afinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-20, futhi ububanzi bawo bungamasentimitha amathathu kuphela. I-peduncle inezimbali ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-6 zosayizi omkhulu ngokwanele, ngakho-ke, ububanzi, zingafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10.
Izahlukaniso nezinsimbi ezinemiphetho ye-wavy zinomumo oyindilinga noma we-rhomboid. Izindebe (amacembe amaningi afakwe komunye nomunye) zinesimo esinezinyathelo ezintathu. I-lobe ephakathi ebunjiwe njenge-wedge inombala onsomi, kanti eyokugcina ingamapendwe aphuzi futhi abomvu atholakala ebusweni bawo.
Iqhakaza ngo-Okthoba.
I-Wanda Blue
Isiqu saso esiqondile singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-100. Kukhona inani elikhulu lezimpande. Amapheshana enziwe aboshwe ngamabhande engxenyeni engenhla anokusikwa okuyi-oblique. Ama-Root inflorescence angaba ama-oblique noma aqonde, futhi akhula ngokukhethekile. Isiqu sezimbali sithwala izimbali ezingama-6 kuya kwezingu-15 ezinkulu (ubukhulu kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-10), futhi kubekwa iphethini yemilando ebusweni bazo.
Amaphara amakhulu abunjiwe noma afakwe kugcotshwe ngaphansi. Imilebe encane ihlukaniswa umbala wayo ocebile. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngo-Okthoba nangoNovemba.
I-Wanda tricolor
Isiqu saso esiqondile singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-150 kuye kwangama-200. Amaqabunga amade anjengobhele akhula emigqeni emi-2. I-peduncle ingaba nezimbali ezinamakha ayisikhombisa kuya kweziyi-10 ezinobukhulu obukhulu. Zinombala okhilimu noma omhlophe, futhi kukhona amabala ansundu ebusweni bawo.
Ama-petals angenamaqanda nama-sepals anemiphetho ye-wavy. Isipikili sibanzi. Izindebe ezinemilando emithathu ziyafana ngosayizi wezimbali. Indawo ebunjiwe yesigingci enobukhulu obukhulu ngokwanele futhi inombala opinki noma onsomi. Ama-blade akhiwe ezinhlangothini mancane impela. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya kuJanuwari, kanye ngoMeyi nangoJuni.
