I-Iberis isitshalo esiqhakaza seminyaka edlule noma sonyaka, herbaceous noma semi-shrub esiqhamuka emndenini weCrcciferous, isetshenziswa kabanzi emazweni amaningi ase-Europe nase-Asia, kanye naseCrimea naseCaucasus. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngamashumi amane ezahlukahlukene kulolu hlobo, phakathi kwazo kukhona amasiko angaqambi futhi awathise ukushisa, amasiko angenabuntu futhi angenasisekelo. Zisetshenziswa njengezinto zokuhlobisa engadini nasesakhiweni somuntu siqu, emibhedeni yezimbali nasemibhedeni yezimbali, kuma-slides e-alpine nasekwenzeni utshani. Kwabaqambi bezimbali, i-Iberis iyadingeka emikhosini yezimbali namalungiselelo wezimbali.
Incazelo imbali ye-Iberis
Izici ezihlukanisayo zezimbali ziyingxenye yezimpande zesimo sezimpande, iziqu eziqondile noma ezinwabuzelayo, amaqabunga alula amnyama aluhlaza asayizi omncane, ama-inflorescences-isambulela kusuka kuzimbali ezinamakha amancane amhlophe, apinki, abomvu, ane-lilac noma e-lilac afinyelela kusentimitha eyodwa ububanzi nezithelo ze-pod imbewu ngaphakathi. Ukuhluma okuphezulu kwembewu kuqhubeka iminyaka eyi-4 ngemuva kokuqoqwa. Ukuqhakaza okusebenzayo kwe-Iberis kuthatha izinyanga ezi-2, izilimo zonyaka ziyaqhakaza isikhathi eside. Izimbali zokuqala zivela maphakathi no-Meyi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, kuye ngezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, futhi ziyaqhubeka nokujabulisa abanye ngokubuka kwazo okuhle cishe sonke isikhathi sehlobo. Izitshalo eziqhakaza kakhulu futhi ngokunethezeka, ngesinye isikhathi ngemuva kwama-inflorescence amaningi cishe awekho amaqabunga abonakalayo. Isitshalo se-herbaceous sisakaza ngembewu, ukusikwa kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
Ukukhula Iberis kusuka KuMbewu
Ukuhlwanyela Imbewu Ye-Iberis
Indlela yembewu yokusabalalisa i-Iberis ibhekwa njengeyona elula kakhulu ngakho-ke iyathandwa. Imbewu ingathengwa kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimbali noma iqoqwe uqobo.
Ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngokujula kwamamilimitha ayi-5- 10. Isikhathi esifanele sokuhlwanyela ukuqala kuka-Ephreli. Uma uhlwanyela imbewu amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3 ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-15-20, khona-ke ukuqhakaza kuzoqhubeka njalo ezinyangeni zasehlobo. Amahlumela wokuqala avela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-15. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa izitshalo, kushiya ibanga phakathi kwezithombo ezingamasentimitha ayi-15. Ungahlwanyela imbewu ekwindla.
Izithombo ze-Iberis
Ukuhlwanyela kwezithombo kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaMashi). Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga isitsha sokuhlwanyelwa esinendawo eyisisekelo, okulula ukumanziswa kahle nesihlabathi somfula esihle. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekujuleni kwamamilimitha ayi-1 bese ifafazwa ngesendlalelo esincane somhlabathi. Kunconywa ukumboza ibhokisi ngokushesha nge-polyethylene noma ingilazi bese ususa isembozo kuphela lapho umswakama olandelayo wenhlabathi (ngokufafaza). Ziqukethe izitshalo egumbini elifudumele nelikhanyayo, asikho isidingo sokukhetha.
Ukutshala i-Iberis ngaphandle
Ukutshala i-Iberis nini
Izithombo zinconyelwa ukuthi zidluliselwe emhlabathini ovulekile ekugcineni kukaMeyi, ukuze izitshalo ezincane zingabe zisalinyazwa yiqhwa lasebusuku. Ngokutshala, udinga ukukhetha indawo evulekile enelanga. Inhlabathi efaneleke kakhulu ye-Iberis yisihlabathi, idwala noma i-loamy ukuze amanzi angagxili kuwo, okuthinta kabi ukukhula kwengxenye yezimpande.
Ungatshala kanjani i-Iberis
Ukutshala izithombo kwenziwa kanye nesigaxa sodaka ngendlela yokudlulisela, njengoba izitshalo ezincane zinezimpande ezintekenteke nezintekenteke. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo licishe libe amasentimitha ayi-15. Isithombo sifakwa emgodini wokutshala, sigcwaliswa ngenhlabathi, sihlanganiswe bese ukuthambisa kokulinganisa kokuqala kwenziwa.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Iberis engadini
Ukunisela
Ukuthambisa kwenhlabathi ngamanzi okunisela kuyadingeka ukuze izilimo eziqhakazayo kuphela ngezinsuku zasehlobo ezomile nezishisa kakhulu ngokungabikho kwemvula isikhathi eside.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Ukufaka umquba enhlabathini akudingekile. Uma ufisa, ungondla izimbali ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali, kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezingama-1-2 ehlobo. Ukudla okunjalo okwengeziwe kuzothinta ubuhle nobukhulu bezimbali.
Izihlahla
Iziqu zezihlahla kufanele zenziwe ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Ingaphansi kokususwa kwengxenye yabo engu-1/3. Ukuze ulondoloze ukubukeka okuhle kombhede wezimbali noma kombhede wezimbali, kunconyelwa ukunquma ama-inflorescence awonakele ngendlela efike ngesikhathi.
Ukufakelwa
I-Iberis eneminyaka engu-5-6 yeminyaka kufanele itshalwe, njengoba isiko lilahlekelwa yizimfanelo zalo zokuhlobisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuqhakaza kuya ngokuya kungafani, futhi nosayizi we-inflorescence uyancipha.
Iberis ngemuva kwezimbali
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu nokugcinwa
Njengoba isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zenzeka ehlobo lonke, imbewu evuthwa njalo ingavunwa kancane kancane, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuphela kwenkathi efudumele. Okokuqala kudingeka uqoqe bese womisa amakhanda, bese ukhipha imbewu kuwo. Impilo yamashalofu yezinto zokutshala iyiminyaka engaba ngu-4, ngakho-ke ifakwa ezikhwameni zamaphepha noma ebhokisini lekhadibhodi bese igcinwa egumbini elomile nelipholile kuze kufike ukutshala. Uma kwakungekho ithuba lokuqoqwa, khona-ke izitshalo kungenzeka ukuthi zande ngokuzitshala.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Yize ama-Iberis ephila njalo futhi eyimpahla yezitshalo ezilwa nesithwathwa, indawo evikelekile yezinyanga zasebusika ayizukubaphazamisa. Ngemuva kokuthena ekwindla, izihlahla zingambozwa ngamagatsha e-spruce, kuzosindisa izitshalo eziqandeni ezinzima nasekungangeni isikhathi eside eqhweni.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Isikhunta, esivela ezihlahleni eziqhakaza izimbali, sidla engxenyeni yeqabunga futhi sishiya izimbobo eziningi ezicijile njengamaqabunga. Ukususa inkathazo, kwanele ukugcina inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo imanzi.
Iklabishi i-aphid ivela ngokushesha okukhulu, kuyadingeka ukubhekana nayo ekuqaleni kwesizo lokufafaza ngesisombululo esikhethekile. Kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi udinga ukufaka cishe amagremu ama-300 wesepha le-potassium (uketshezi), hlanganisa ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho uchitheka ngokuphelele. Ukuphinda kufafazwe ngokulawula ukufafaza kwenziwa ngesonto.
UMealybug ushona kuphela ngokufafaza ngamakhemikhali - iFitoverm, iMospilan, i-Aktara.
I-Iberis imelana kakhulu nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo. Lesi sifo siqala kuphela ngokunisela okungafanele (ngokweqile), okuzoholela ekwakhekeni kokubola kwezimpande. Isihlahla esinesifo kufanele sisuswe masinyane futhi inhlabathi kufanele ihlaselwe magciwane.
