ISerissa (noma “umuthi wezinkanyezi eziyinkulungwane”) isitshalo esinjengesimbali esihlala sihlala sihlala siqhakaza sivela emndenini kaMarenov. Isiko lifaka uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-serissa "yaseJapan", izwe lakubo yiChina, Indochina, Japan. Isici esisodwa sesihlahla yiphunga elibi, elizwakala lapho amagatsha noma amagxolo esiqu esonakalisiwe. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo endaweni yemvelo cishe ngamasentimitha angama-80, ezimweni zangaphakathi - amasentimitha angama-20-50.
Isihlahla esihlala sikhona siqukethe amahlumela amaningi aqhakaza omthunzi ompunga kanye nomqhele obuthuthukile, obukhulu obumnyama obuhlaza obumnyama buba namamilimitha ayishumi nanhlanu ubude, izimbali zenkanyezi emhlophe eyodwa. ISerissa ihlukaniswa amandla ayo okuqhakaza kuzo zonke izinyanga eziyishumi nambili, kodwa ikhuthele ikakhulukazi esikhathini sentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo. Ekuhambeni kweminyaka eminingi yokuzalanisa nokuhlola, izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zalesi siko zathuthukiswa, ezinikezwe ngezimpawu nezimpawu zazo. Zihluke kuhlobo oluphambili ngombala, umthunzi namaphethini wamaqabunga nezimbali. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali eziphindwe kabili namaqabunga egolide zathola ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali.
USerissa unakekela ekhaya
I-Serissa njenge -planethi yendlu idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile nokunakekelwa. Ukutshala okugcwele konke kuncike kulwazi lomtshali, kuzoba nzima kakhulu kubaqalayo ukwakha izimo ezifanele eflethini.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Ukukhanya okukhanyayo okugqamile amahora angama-8 kuya kwangu-12 ngosuku kuyadingeka kuluchungechunge unyaka wonke. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo kumele sivikeleke elangeni lasemini. Kunconywa ukubeka isitsha esine-serissa kuma-sill ewindows empumalanga noma ngasentshonalanga kwendlu. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, isihlahla ngeke siqhakaze, amaqabunga awile. Kungakho ezinyangeni zasekwindla nasebusika kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent ukukhanyisa okwanele usuku lonke.
Obunye bunzima ekunakekeleni i-serissa ukusabela kwayo okungekuhle ekushintsheni kwendlela yomthombo wokukhanya esihlahleni. Kuyazwela kakhulu ukuthi uma idlulela kwenye indawo ingaphendula ngokudonsa amaqabunga nangamahlumela angenakuvinjwa. Abatshali abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba bangaphinde bahlele kabusha noma bahambise isitshalo ngokungadingekile.
Ukushisa
Izinga lokushisa elifanelekayo lokukhula okuphelele nokukhula kwe-serissa liyahlukahluka kumasizini ahlukile. Isibonelo, ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, i-thermometer kufanele ibe sezingeni lama-20-25 degrees futhi kuhle uma isitshalo sigcinwa esakhiweni segadi noma kuvulandi ngalesi sikhathi. Ukwehluka okushisa okuncane akuyona ingozi, into esemqoka ukuthi ayibandi kakhulu kuze kufike ku-10 degrees noma ngaphansi.
Ezinyangeni ezibandayo kakhulu, lesi sitshalo sidinga igumbi elipholile ukuze lizizwe lilijwayelekile.
Ukunisela
Isitshalo esibucayi kanye nohulumeni wokunisela okungalungile angaphendula kabi. ISerissa ayikubekezeleli ukomiswa kwendawo yokubumba nobumswakama obedlulele enhlabathini, futhi nokuxinana kwamanzi. Ukuchelela ngakunye okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngemuva kwesendlalelo esiphezulu sendawo esezingeni eliphansi (cishe amasentimitha ama-3-4). Ukunisela akudingekile kaningi, kodwa kaningi.
Umswakama womoya
Izinga eliphakeme lomswakama yilokho okudingwa umuthi ochungechunayo wezimbali. Leli zinga lingagcinwa ngosizo lwezindlela ezahlukahlukene kanye nezindlela: i-generator yensimbi yasendlini, umthombo wamakamelo, imikhumbi emincane enamanzi kanye nokufafaza okujwayelekile okujwayelekile. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezishisayo zasehlobo.
Izihlahla
Ukulima okwenziwe ngendlela evamile kusiza ukudala ukwakheka kwesitayela se-bonsai futhi kubekezelelwa kahle nguchungechunge.
Inhlabathi
Abatshali abanolwazi bancoma ukukhetha inhlabathi elula, evulekile yezakhi nge-pH engathathi hlangothi ye-serissa ekhulayo. Ukwakheka okufaneleka kakhulu kwengxube yenhlabathi: enye ingxenye yenhlabathi ye-peat kanye ne-turf-turf, izingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi somfula osezingeni eliphakeme. Ukuvikela i-substrate ekugcotshweni kwamanzi nokumiswa kwamanzi, phansi kwembiza yezimbali kumele kugcwaliswe ngobumba obunwetshiwe noma ezinye izinto zokudonsa.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Imvamisa yokondla i-serissa ngesikhathi kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Agasti izikhathi 2 ngenyanga ngokuphumula kwamasonto ama-2. Ezinyangeni zasekwindla nasebusika, umanyolo usetshenziswa ngokohlelo olufanayo, uma lesi sihlahla singekho egumbini elimnyama nelipholile. Ungakhohlwa ngokukhanya okwengeziwe ngalesi sikhathi. Ngokuqukethwe okupholile kobusika, umanyolo awudingi ukufakwa.
Uma usebenzisa ukugqokwa kwamaminerali okuyinkimbinkimbi, kunconywa ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwekhambi kuqedwe kube buthakathaka kane kunalokho okucelwe ngumyalo. USerissa futhi uphendula kahle kumanyolo wohlobo olunamathela lwe-senpolia.
Ukufakelwa
I-serissa ebonakalayo idlulisela ukufakelwa okujwayelekile. Le nqubo yenziwa ngokwesidingo, kepha ngokwesilinganiso njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3. Isikhathi esihle sokufakelwa kwe-serissa kuqala kwentwasahlobo. Imvamisa umuthi uyatshalwa njengoba ingxenye yezimpande ikhula. Uma, ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwe-serissa, izimpande azihambelani esitsheni sezimbali esisha, ungazinciphisa kancane. Ama-Connoisseurs wesitayela se-bonsai aqinisekisa ukuthi "ukugunda izinwele okunjalo" ngeke kuholele emiphumeleni emibi yesitshalo.
Ukuzala uSerissa
Indlela elula futhi ejwayelekile yokuzalela i-serissa izisiki. Ukuze kube nokubangwa kwezimpande, kunconywa ukuthi uthathe izingcezu ezingezona lignified. Zinqunywa eziqongweni zezihlumela ukuze kwisibambo ngasinye kube okungenani nezindawo ezintathu zokuhlala. I-Rooting yenzeka engxenyeni ekhethekile yezakhi zomzimba ezimweni zokushisa abamba ukushisa. Ungakha abamba ukushisa okuncane ngokushisa okuphoqelekile okuncane, okuzoba nomthelela ekwakhekeni ngokushesha kohlelo lwezimpande.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Isilokazane esingenzeka se-serissa ngumbethe omhlophe. Esigabeni sokuqala sokubukeka kwesibulala-zinambuzane, kunconywa ukuhlanza isitshalo ngamanzi afudumele ngesimo sokugezela esiningi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi - degrees 40-45 degrees. Inqubo enjalo yamanzi yenziwa kaninginingi. Uma ukugeza umqhele kungalethi umphumela oyifunayo, kuzodingeka usebenzise amakhemikhali akhethekile - u-Aktara, Confidor, Actellik.
Izifo ezingenzeka ukubola kwezimpande nokuwa kwamaqabunga. Kuqala ukuvela uma kunomswakama omningi emhlabathini. Izimpawu zalesi sifo ngamaqabunga amnyama. Ukuwa kwesisindo samaqabunga kwenzeka ngokungabikho komswakama, kuhambisa lesi sitshalo endaweni ngendawo, egumbini elinomoya omile.
