Isithombe se-Astra alpineUhlobo lwe-alpine asters lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250 zezitshalo zonyaka, ezinokuphilayo, nezitshalo ezihlwabusayo ezingama-herbaceous. Kusatshalaliswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zemvelo zeNyakatho Nenkabazwe, ikakhulukazi eNyakatho Melika. Uzizwa emkhulu e-Alps, Sayan Mountain, Altai naseCaucasus. Izitshalo zilungele ukutshalwa emagqumeni ase-alpine nasemingceleni.
Ama-Asters ngokuya ngezimbali ahlukaniswa intwasahlobo, ihlobo, ukwindla nezimbali. Ama-inflorescences awashadi, abukeka kakhulu, anamasentimitha angama-4-5 cm, kuma-peduncle acishe abe mncane; isetshenziswa kabanzi ukusikwa. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-shrub zikhula kuphela eNingizimu Afrika. Igama libonisa ukufana nenkanyezi - kusuka esikhungweni esikhanyayo semisebe eminingana yama-petals diverge. Ngaphandle kufana ne-daisy yengadi noma i-daisy, yingakho igama lesibili - i-alpine daisy.
Ukungathobeki nokuthobeka, i-Alpine aster yokuhlobisa ende yehlukanisa izithandani zisetshenziswa zalonyaka. Njengoba sebetshale isitshalo esisodwa, bayasithanda isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ngokunakekelwa okuncane nokunakekelwa.
Incazelo yeBotanical
Isithombe se-Alpine aster perennial
I-Alpine aster, i-Korzhinsky aster, i-aster yamanga - isihlobo esiseduze samaShayina noma i-aster yonyaka, omunye wabamele iminyaka eminingi yomndeni omkhulu wama-asters, uthole uthando lwabalimi abaningi amakhulu eminyaka. Lesi sitshalo esisezingeni eliphakathi size sifinyelele ku-35 cm ukuphakama. Ngokukhanyisa okuhle, isihlahla, sikhula, sithatha ukwakheka okubukeka kathathu.
Amagatsha aqondile, ama-pubescent, amagatsha aqhakaze kakhulu asuka ku-rhizome ekhethiwe. Impande itholakala ngokuqondile futhi ihlangene. Amaqabunga ayisisekelo efomu le-obovate elisemaphethelweni angama-lanceolate, anyamalala kufinyelela phezulu, ngezikhathi ezithile ama-pubescent ngaphandle kwe-petioles. Ngaphambi kobusika, izitshalo ziya ziluhlaza. I-hemispherical wrapper, equkethe imigqa yamapheshana anesimo se-lanceolate-elongated. I-inflorescence - ubhasikidi ongabonakali ongafika ku-6 cm onezimbali ezahlukahlukene zomhlanga zamapheshana anemibala ehlukene - kusuka kumhlophe kuya ku-ultramarine emnyama. Imbewu i-obovate nge-tuft. Iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Ungalahlekelwa ukukhanga kwabo kuze kube yiqhwa.
Lesi sitshalo besilinywe kusukela ngekhulu le-16, sisetshenziselwa kakhulu ekuhlobiseni amasayithi anabalimi abaningi kanye nabahlali basehlobo. Ekubunjweni komhlaba kusetshenziselwa imingcele, imingcele, amagquma ase-alpine nokutshala kweqembu okungaphambili. Itshalwa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho impela, ibekezelela ubusika obude ngaphandle kwemiphumela.
Alpine Aster Ukukhula
I-Astra alpine isikhathi eside sokutshala nesithombe sokunakekelwa
Uma ingadi yakho yezimbali ingekho mnyama, ikhanyiswe kahle yilanga, i-Alpine aster enhle ngeke idinge ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Udinga inhlabathi ekhanywa kahle, hhayi ene-asidi, kepha uma kungenjalo ayizithobisi futhi iqinile. Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwezimbali, badinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Izinhlobo ezinde nezinhlobonhlobo zidinga ukondliwa okulinganiselayo. Lapho nje sekufika umakhaza (maphakathi no-Okthoba futhi kamuva), usike isiqu usise entanjeni yezimpande. Lo msebenzi ungadluliselwa entwasahlobo, uhlanganisa nokususwa amahlumela aqandisiwe.
Uma ubona ama-rhizomes we-alpine aster ephuma ngokushesha enhlabathini, lapho-ke kufanele usule isitshalo usijule ngokusemandleni noma usimboze ngokujulile ngomhlaba, ukumboza izindawo ezingadalulwanga. Ezinye izinhlobo ziwohloka ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kufanele zihlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokufakelwa, izingxenye ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu ze-rhizome ezinamahlumela amakhulu kanye nohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle ziyasetshenziswa. Ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sokukhula, bondliwe ngomanyolo we-potassium ngokufakwa kwe-calcium, esetshenziselwa njenge-chalk noma amagobolondo amaqanda aqhekezwe kahle.
Ehlobo, bafaka umlotha ngaphansi kwezitshalo, bese kulandelwa ukukhululwa. Umquba omusha awuthandi. Iyayeka ukuqhakaza ngokweqile kwezinto eziphilayo ezingenamandla. Zibukeka kahle ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela, zimboza kuphela amasampula amancane namasha asanda kutheliswa ngamagatsha e-spruce, ama-moss owomile.
Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-aster alpine ngokuhlukanisa isithombe se-bush
Okusatshalaliswa ikakhulu ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Izinsuku ezinhle kakhulu zalokhu kusebenza zinguMeyi - Septhemba. U-Delenki ukhule endaweni eyi-15 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Lapho zikhula, zingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Zibuye zisatshalaliswe yimbewu elahlekelwa ngokushesha amandla okuzala, ihlwanyelwa enkulisa kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi noma ngaphambi kobusika, okuvusa amandla emvelo.
Ukukhula I-Alpine Aster kusuka kwiMbewu
Ukulima imbewu ye-Astra alpine
Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, i-Alpine aster ingahlwanyelwa ngokukhululekile emhlabathini, ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, emboza umbhede wengadi ngefilimu. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izithombo esezikhulile zingadluliselwa endaweni eyiyo, kuthi lapho sekuphele izihlahla ezincane eziqhakaza ehlobo sezibe sezakhiwe. Ngonyaka olandelayo zizothuthukiswa ngokuphelele futhi ziyojabulisa ngezimbali eziningi.
Ekhaya, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngoMashi-Ephreli, emapuletini, ezitsheni ezigcwaliswe nge-substrate ekhanyayo. Kuyenzeka ukhule ngaphandle kokuntywila, uma ubeka imbewu kude kakhulu komunye nomunye bese kancane kancane uthulula inhlabathi.
Ungayikhulisa kanjani i-aster ye-alpine kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zezithombo ekhaya:
- Ukuhlwanyelwa kungaba kakade ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Kwesinye isikhathi labo abangenazo isikhathi sokutshala imbewu maphakathi nehlobo.
- Imbewu ingcwatshwa endaweni engezansi kwesenti nesigamu, akusekho.
- Kungcono uma utshala imbewu emibili ezinkomishini ezihlukile. Uma utshala ezitsheni ezinkulu noma emabhokisini, yenza imigqa ingabi ngaphezu kuka-8 cm, shiya ibanga eliyi-5 cm ukuya emugqeni.
- Ukudonswa kwamanzi kuyimpoqo, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi kukhona okuvulekile esitsheni sokukhipha amanzi.
- Kungcono ukunisela ngokulinganisela ukuze ungavali inhlabathi futhi ingabi nzima.
- Isendlalelo esenziwe kahle sezimbali esisebenza kahle sisebenza ekuhlanyeleni ekhaya. Uma ingekho, phatha kahle into ebolile, ufake enye ingxenye yayo enhlabathini yengadi uhlanganise.
- Khetha amafasitela aseningizimu lapho kunokukhanya okwanele nezitshalo ngeke zelule.
Enhlabathini evulekile zingahanjiswa ehlobo noma ekuqaleni kokuwa. Ziqhakaza emva kweminyaka emithathu. Izici ezahlukahlukene azihlali zigcinwa ngesikhathi sokusakazwa kwembewu, lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho kuzalaniswa izinhlobo ezithile ezingavamile.
I-Alpine aster ingasakazwa ngokusikwa
Ukuzala okunjalo kusiphinda ngokuphelele isibonelo somzali. Izilimo ezithathwe ezitshalweni ezinempilo. I-Internode ephansi ihlanziwe ngamaqabunga, iphathwe impande noma enye into ekhuthazayo, cindezela phezulu. I-Succinic acid ingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuvuselela ukwakheka kwezimpande ngezigaba zothuli oluncane.
I-Rooting yenzeka kungakapheli amasonto amabili. Ukusheshisa ukwakheka kwezimpande, ukusika e-nursery embozwe ifilimu noma ingilazi. Nsuku zonke, moya imizuzu engama-5-10, ukhulisa indawo yokukhosela. Imanzi njengoba iyoma, kugwema ukufaka amanzi. Ekwindla yokuqala, kutshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo kude nge-15-20 cm.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-alpine aster
Isithombe se-Astra alpine eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Izimpande zivame ukuthintwa isikhunta esimnyama, okuholela ekuwohlokeni kohlelo lwempande, ukufa kwesitshalo. I-Powdery mildew ingavela emaqabungeni, obizwa ngokuthi isifo esimhlophe seCompositae. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yendawo engafanele yesitshalo. Kucutshungulwa kulesi sishayo ngezindlela ezingabizi.
Kwizinambuzane, i-aphid iyingozi enkulu kunazo zonke, ebambezela ukukhula, elimaza iziqu ezincane, incela ujusi kubo; kusuka amahlumela athintekile, ama-inflorescence awonakalisiwe akhula, angaqhakaza ngokuzayo. Ingozi yiminenke, yokuhluza amahlumela amasha. Iminenke ilahlwa ngomlotha. Konke lokhu kungagwenywa ngokubeka izihlahla ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezikhanyiswe kahle, nezishaywe umoya.
Amanzi we-Tar asetshenziswa ngokumelene nezinambuzane (wezipuni ezi-2-3 ze-birch tar ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi), okunisela izitshalo nokunisela amathini ngawo. Imiphumela emihle itholakala ngensipho ejwayelekile yasendlini. Ungahlanza insipho emanzini we-tar, okuzonyusa umphumela wokusebenza. Ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla kufaka ukuvuselelwa, lokhu kumele kwenziwe njalo eminyakeni emi-3-5. Kungcono ukungawudlulisi ngokufaka umanyolo nokufaka umquba - endaweni engokwemvelo yama-aster ezintabeni ezikhula, inhlabathi imvama imbi. Lapho ukweqisa ngokweqile, isitshalo singaze siqhume noma sigule.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo ze-alpine aster
I-Astra Alpine White Alps
I-Albus (i-Albys) - enye yama-blooms okuqala ekuqaleni kukaJuni, iziqu ezimfushane zihanjiswa ngamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza. Izimbali zimhlophe ngombala ophuzi, zinobukhulu obuphindwe kabili futhi zilula zisakazeke esihlahleni esikhanyayo. Ukuphakama kungamasentimitha ayi-12- 22. Kubukeka kukuhle ezindaweni ezima-rockeries, emagqumeni e-alpine.
UGloria - izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezilula azidluli ububanzi obu-3 cm. Ukuqala kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, Juni. Isihlahla esinamaqabunga e-emerald lanceolate sihlobisa kuze kube sekwindla. Kufika ku-35 cm ukuphakama. Ilungele imingcele ephansi, imibhede yezimbali, i-rockeries. Ungazithobi, uzinzile, uyaphendula ekunakekelweni.
I-Astra alpine eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uGoliyati Aster alpinus Goliath
UGoliyati - izimbali ezinsomi eziphindwe kabili-ezibomvu ezinotshani eziphansi zotshani ezinombala oluhlaza grey. Lapho isetshenziswa njengendawo eyisisekelo, ikhula ngokushesha futhi ithathe indawo enikezwe yona. Ukususwa ngesikhathi kwamagatsha okuhlobisa alahlekile, kunomthelela ekuqhakazeni isikhathi eside.
U-Astra Lpian Rosea Pink
I-Rozeya - obhasikidi obubanzi obungama-6 cm aqoqiwe kusuka kuma-buds anama-pink petals, isikhungo esiphuzi ngombala ophuzi. Ukuphakama kucishe kube ngu-15 - 20 cm. Izimbali ngoJulayi. Bakha amabhola amahle, afakwe ngezimbali ezikhanyayo. Ingxenye yotshani iluhlaza okotshani. Kufanele izingoma zamatshe.
Isithombe se-Astra Alpine Happy End Happy End
I-Happy End (i-Happy End) - ehlukahlukene enesiqu esiqinile, izimbali zokuqala. Amacembe apinki ahlobisa indawo okuphuma kuyo. Mude kakhulu kunabafowabo. Izimbali ziningi futhi zinde kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Isitshalo esisemngceleni esibalulekile esinamachashazi aminyene, acwebile, angamakamelo ambozwe kakhulu ngezimbali ezipinki ngenkathi yezimbali. Lapho ufika emikhondweni ibukeka emangazayo futhi emuhle. Kuyadingeka ukususa amahlumela aqothulwe ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, ngaleyondlela yokwandisa izimbali.
I-Duncle Schenet - i-aster ephansi ephakeme enezimbali zezimbali ezinombala onsomi obomvu futhi isikhungo esikhanyayo siphuzi singeqi ku-3 cm ububanzi futhi ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-25. Kubukeka kukuhle ngokuqhathaniswa nesizinda sezinhlahla eziphelile zohlobo lwe-peony kanye nezinye iziqhakaza eziqhakaza ukuqhakaza, ukudala indawo ekhanyayo engemuva kwamahlamvu aluhlaza.
I-Ruber - izimbali ezinhle ezimangalisa ngokwedlulele zihlobisa iso. Umbala ocebile wezimbali zohlobo lwe-hue ebomvu-luzohlobisa noma iyiphi indawo engadini yakho. Ukuphakama okufika ku-30 cm kufanelekile ukutshala okukodwa ngamakhethini, kanye nama-curbs, imibhede yezimbali, amagquma anamadwala. Ngemuva kokuyifinyelela kumkhondo, yakha ukuhlangana okuhle ngotshani.
I-Superbus iyinhlobonhlobo engakhethi, engamiseli izimbali ze-lilac-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezihlahleni ezintekenteke. Hlobisa noma iyiphi indawo engadini yakho. Uzizwa engcono ngokufiphaza okukhanyayo, ukuhlobisa izindonga zezinsimbi nokunye okwakhiwayo.
Ubuhle Obumnyama kanye noHelen Ubuhle - amajakhethi amahle asezinhlwini zamamenti ayi-15 asetshenziswa njengendawo yesembozo ezindaweni zememori, kwakha ibanga elide eliqhakaza izimbali. Kutshalwe phakathi kwamatshe, abukeka kahle kakhulu.
Ukuhlanganisa ukutshala kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, imibala ifinyelela ukuqhakaza okuqhubekayo kusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. Lokhu kutholakala ngokuphelelisa izinhlobo zezintaba ze-alpine nezinye izinhlobo zama-aster zisetshenziswa - i-Octobrins, Septhemba, Italian, Belgian, New England neNew Zealand.
Kuphela kulezi zimbali kuphela, izinhlobo eziguqukayo nezindawo eziphakeme zezitshalo, ungakha i-mixborder yesiNgisi - into ebaluleke kakhulu yomklamo waseYurophu ozohlala umhlobiso unyaka wonke futhi uzothokozisa umakhi wawo nendlu yakhe ngobukhulu, izimbali eziqhakazayo. I-mixborder etholakala eceleni kocingo, uthango noma ngokumelene nesizinda sesakhiwo izofihla ukungapheleli, ihlobise insimu yendawo noma ingadi futhi inikeze ukuphelela kokubukeka kwendawo. Dinga ukunakekelwa okuncane nezindleko. Lokhu ukutshala kubukeka kumvelo, kuhlala kuqhakaza, ngaleyo ndlela kuqhathaniswa kahle nemibhede yezimbali ejwayelekile nemibhede yezimbali.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
I-Alpine aster floor cover isithombe
Izici zokwelapha ze-alpine chamomile ziyasetshenziswa. Umuthi wendabuko usebenzisa iziqongo zezimbali. Zisetshenziselwa ngempumelelo ama-upsets asesiswini, ukwelashwa kwe-scrofula, isifo sofuba. Kuvunwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza: kusikwe, kubekwe ungqimba olulodwa, komiswe ngaphansi kwe-awnings, kugwema ukukhanya kwelanga. Ama-decoctions, ama-lotions aphatha izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Ijusi isetshenziselwa ama-dermatoses ahlukahlukene.
Lesi sitshalo esingenambulelo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo sidonsela ukunaka kwabantu ngokubabazekayo. Izakhiwo zasendulo zihlotshiswe ngemihlobiso ephinda ukugoba kwamahlumela namathuna. Batholakala ngesikhathi kubembiwa emathuneni nasemngcwabeni wasendulo. Kukhulunywa ezinganekwaneni nasezinganekwaneni eziphathelene nothando nobuqotho obuhambisana nonkulunkulukazi wothando u-Aphrodite, ongumuntu wobuhle baphezulu nobusha obungapheli.
Kwakukholelwa ukuthi lezi "zinkanyezi" ezinhle zavela esizeni samathrekhi kathixo. Zazitshalwe zasendulo ekungeneni kwamathempeli nasezindlini ukuze zithole ukuthandwa yimizimba yasezulwini nonkulunkulu. Abantu babanikeza komunye nomunye ekuhlukaneni, bekholelwa ukuthi basiza abathandi ukuthola injabulo baphinde bahlangane futhi.
Abathandi bezimbali abaningi bajaha ukugqashuka okungenakugwenywa, okuxakayo, okungenakubona kulula, okwenza izimfuno ezinkulu nokuqukethwe ngokunakwa okuncane kubameli bezimbali, okungukuthu amahloni, okuthi, ngokunakekelwa okungathandeki, azanele, ahlonishwe kulezo zindawo lapho abanye bakho abakhethiweyo bazobe bebuthakathaka futhi bafe .
Imvamisa yokushayela izingosi ezidlule ezilahliwe, ungabona isihlahla esiqhakaza se-alpine aster ngaphansi kwamathanga ama-raspberries noma ama-currants. Hlobo luni lokunakekelwa esingakhuluma ngalo kulokhu, kepha isitshalo siyaphila, siyakhula, siqhakaza. Kufanelekile ukungeza ukunakwa okuncane nokunakekela kuye, futhi kuzokubonga ngezimbali ezinde ezinhle. Akuzona izitshalo eziningi ezinalezi zakhiwo nokunxanela impilo.
Lesi sitshalo sibafanele bonke abahlali basehlobo, bakhetha ukumane nje baphumule ekhonji noma engadini, ngaphandle kokuhlupha ngokunakekela izitshalo. I-Alpine daisy izohlala ibonga wonke umuntu ngezinkanyezi zayo ezimnandi ezincane. Vele, kuleli cala, udinga ukunaka izinhlobo ezingatheni.
I-Alpine aster ingenye indalo enhle yemvelo kamama, isijabulisa ngobuhle bayo bomsuka, ubuhle obusezingeni eliphansi, ukufumbathisa ngokuzithoba, ukukhuthazela, i-charm. Ukuyikhulisa ngeke kube nzima, ngisho nakubatshali abasaqala.
