Lapho kukhulunywa nge-heather, izakhamizi zaseScotland, eNorway kanye nakwamanye amazwe aseNyakatho Yurophu zimele izihlahla ezincane zisetshenziswa ezineminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-50 cm ukuphakama amahlumela atshalwe ngokunamaqabunga amaqabunga kanye nezimbali ezinsomi ezinombala obomvana noma o-lilac.
I-Forest heather - uphawu lokukhuthazela nenhlanhla
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo zesimo sezulu esishisayo, i-heather ejwayelekile ikhula ezindaweni ezinamanzi amakhulu nasemililweni yehlathi, emaphepheni ezinsimbi nasemithambekeni edwala. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba okukhulu.
Kuze kube yiminyaka engama-40-50 kungaba khona endaweni eyodwa futhi kutholakala lapho ezinye izilimo zisetshenziswa khona zingahlali nje: ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi kanye nenhlabathi enesihlabathi esibi yamahlathi e-coniffort.
Izinhlobo ezikhula kancane zehlathi heather zihlobisa izimbali ezincane e-tundra. Ngokuzithoba nokuqina, abantu baseNorway ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bahlonipha ukuhlobisa ihlathi ngenhlonipho yokuba uphawu lwezwe, kodwa ezivandeni zaseYurophu umhlali wamagquma eshaywa yimimoya waqala ukubonakala ngekhulu le-XVIII. E-Russia, lapho kutholakala izinhlobo ezingama-50 zomndeni walo mndeni okhula endle, ingadi ye-heather yavela kuphela eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule ngesisekelo seBotanical Garden eMoscow.
EScotland, basho ngendoda enenhlanhla yokuthi kwenzeka lapho wabona izimbali ezimhlophe ze-heather.
Kuyiqiniso, ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu, okuyisici esiyingqayizivele sezwe, iheather emhlophe yasendle cishe ayinakubonwa. Kepha namuhla, lapho lesi sitshalo sivusa inzalo efanelekile evela kubalimi, akujwayelekile ukuthi kube nezihlahla ezinamakhonkco amhlophe kuphela, kepha izinhlobonhlobo ezine-raspberry, i-violet, eziphuzi kanye ne-orange elula, kanye nezimbali eziphindwe kabili.
I-Garden heather nokubukwa okusondele
Eminyakeni engama-200 edlule, abafuyi bezimpahla bathole izinhlobo ezingamangalisa eziningi ze-heather yokuhlobisa, engahlukaniswa ngesimo zibe izitshalo eziphansi, eziphakathi nendawo nezinde. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kwabo, abamele abaseduze bomndeni we-heather, ngokwesibonelo, u-Erica noLedum, izihlahlana ezinjengama-bellon, amajuba kanye nama-blueberries, kanye nama-Rhododendrons, asetshenziswa ngokuzikhandla ekubukweni kwezwe.
I-heather esondelene kakhulu yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-Erica, okuyinto ngokwemvelo ehlala ogwini lwe-Atlantic Melika iye emazweni aseNyakatho Afrika. Amaheather asendle angabonakala esifundeni sase-Asia, eCaucasus nase-Alps.
Uma amahlumela wehlathi kanye nomhlobiso ongakhuli isikhathi eside kuno-70 cm, khona-ke izinhlobo ezithile ze-erica, ngokwesibonelo, okufana nesihlahla, ziyizihlahla zangempela, zifinyelela kumamitha angama-5-7 ukuphakama.
Omunye umehluko phakathi kuka-Erica no-heather ngamaqabunga amise okwenziwe ngenaliti kanye nezindebe zezimbali ezinde. I-heather yeqiniso evela ezinhlotsheni ezihlobene ayifani ngokubukeka kuphela, kepha futhi nesikhathi sokubukeka kwamahlumela. Lapho ama-heather blooms, iningi lokutshala okuhlobisa engadini sekuvele kuqeda inkathi yokukhula nokulungiselela ubusika. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, kuphela engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo, futhi kaningi ngo-Agasti, izimbali ziyavela ezihlahleni, okuncike ezinhlobonhlobo, ezingabamba kuze kube yilapho sekusungulwe isembozo seqhwa.
Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu naseMelika, i-heather engadini isiko elihlala likhona. Isitshalo asilahli umphumela waso wokuhlobisa futhi sibekezelela ubusika obumnene ngamazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-+8 ° C.
Lapho uqeda ukuqhakaza izimbali eziningi, i-heather ihlala ingumbala ogqamile futhi, mhlawumbe, umhlobiso wensimu kuphela. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, amahlumela anombala ngayo yonke imibala yesibhakabhaka, futhi ophuzi, ama-burgundy, amaqabunga ansomi noma wesiliva we-heather yokuhlobisa abonakala kahle endaweni ehlanganisiwe ekwindla sekwedlule.
Ukusakazeka nokutshala kokuhlobisa nokuhlobisa ihlathi
Ungasabalalisa izinhlobonhlobo zakho ozithandayo ze-terry, burgundy noma heather emhlophe kanye nembewu ehluma kahle, futhi ngo-vegetatively:
- ngosizo lwokusika okususwe ehlobo noma ekwindla, izinyanga ezi-1-1,5 enhlabathini enesihlabathi esikhanyayo enikeza uhlelo lwezimpande olufanele ukutshala;
- ngokusebenzisa layering kusuka amahlumela amadala ehlathi noma heather Or Oral.
Ukuthola izinto zokutshala endaweni yokuxhumana nenhlabathi, kugawulwa igatsha, liphathwe ngesisusa sokukhula, liphinwe futhi lifafazwe ngenhlabathi enempilo. Ngo-ekwindla, isihlahla esincane se-heather sikulungele ukutshala.
Izithombo ze-heather ezingama-varietal, ezingamasistimu awo atholakala esitsheni esinomhlabathi we-peat, ngokushesha zinika izimpande.
Iziphakamiso zochwepheshe ngokukhiqiza kabusha nokutshala:
- Uma izihlahla zeheather engadini zingathathelwa indawo kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba, kungcono ukuhlehlise ukudluliselwa kwazo endaweni yaphakade ngo-Ephreli.
- Ukuze isihlahla, kungcono ukukhetha indawo ekhanyiselwe evikelwe umoya.
- Njengoba i-heather ikhula ngeminyaka, ibanga elingama-40 kuya kwangama-50 cm lishiywe kwesinye isitshalo liye kwesinye.
- Ukujula komgodi we-heather kokwehla akudluli ku-25-30 cm, kodwa kungcono ukulenza libanzi kancane, cishe ngo-40 cm, ukusabalalisa izimpande.
- Ngezansi hlela isendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi.
- Lapho ugcwalisa imbobo emuva, kubalulekile ukuthi ungalingisi intamo yezimpande.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi yokutshala i-heather yokuhlobisa
Kepha umsebenzi oyinhloko wensimu, ohlelele ukutshala i-heather yokuhlobisa esizeni, kungukulungiswa kwenhlabathi yalesi sitshalo. Naphezu kokungabekezeleleki kwesiko, ezimweni eziningi isipiliyoni sokukhula heather siyehluleka. Imbangela yokufa ivame ukuvela ekutheni amahlathi kanye nesithsaba somhlobiso uhlala ngokufanekisela ngesikhunta somhlabathi wakudala esidala ukuqhuma noma ukwakheka ezimpandeni zesitshalo. Uma i-mycelium yesikhunta ifa noma ingekho ngokuphelele enhlabathini yengadi, isihlahla somhluzi siyaba buthaka futhi singafa.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuthatha izinyathelo eziphuthumayo, umlimi akalindi isikhathi lapho i-heather iqhakaza endaweni:
- Ukugcina umsebenzi obalulekile we-mycorrhiza, inhlabathi ye-acid enezinga le-pH lamayunithi ama-4 kuye kwayi-5 iyadingeka, inhlabathi yokufaka i-acidization yokufakelwa lapho amagremu angama-40 engadi yesibabule, i-boric noma i-citric acid engezwa ngemitha yesikwele.
- Ingxube yenhlabathi yenziwa izingxenye ezimbili zepuni ephezulu, ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi kanye nenani elifanayo lezinaliti noma amahlamvu abolile
- Njengomanyolo ngesikhathi sokutshala, ungangeza ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwamaminerali, ngaphandle kwe-calcium ne-organics.
Uma kukhona amasimu we-coniffort ene-blueberries eduzane, kubalulekile ukwengeza inhlabathi enesihlabathi kusuka ngaphansi kwezimila ezinjalo kumxube wokutshala i-heather yokuhlobisa.
Ingadi Heather Care
Ukugcina izinga lomswakama enhlabathini, ukuvimbela ukushisa kwalo, kanye nokuvikela ukhula ukuthi lukhule ngokusebenzayo, ukufakwa kwenhlabathi emhlabathini ngaphansi kwesihlahla kuphendula kahle ngokufaka umhlabathi inhlabathi. Uma kuvela amahlumela otshani ukhula nokho ukuze angalimazi izimpande zethanga lengadi, kungcono ukhula ngezandla zakho kuphela. Ngobusuku obunye bokwehla kwezimbali, i-heather ingavundiswa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi kagranular ngesilinganiso sama-gramu ayi-10-15 kwisitshalo ngasinye.
Ukugcina i-acidity yenhlabathi nokuvimbela i-chlorine ne-calcium, okuyingozi i-mycorrhiza, ukufika ezimpandeni, emvuleni, kumanzi ahlungiwe kanye ne-acidified asetshenziselwa ukunisela, okufakwa kuwo amagremu ama-3-4 we-citric, i-boric noma i-oxalic acid ebhakedeni eli-10.
Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yokuphila, i-heather yokuhlobisa ayidingi ukuthenwa; kumabhishi amadala entwasahlobo, hhayi kuphela ukuthi ama-inflorescence angonyaka odlule anqunywe, kodwa futhi nayo yonke ingxenye eluhlaza yaleli gatsha izinkuni, kanye namahlumela afriziwe nomile.
Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala zonke izici zalesi siko esijabulisayo zithathwa kubhekwe, izinhlobo zikhethwa ngokubheka isikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukumelana nesithwathwa nokukhula, bese kuba sekwindla sekwedlule, lapho ama-heather blooms, kuzoba yisikhathi esikhanyayo sonyaka engadini. Isihlahla esihlala isikhathi eside nesinzima siyozibonakalisa kuyo yonke inkazimulo yaso, futhi yonke imizamo yomgcini wegadi izokhokha.
