I-Aristolochia noma iKirkazon uhlobo lwezitshalo zomndeni wakwaKirkazonov. Kuhlanganisa cishe izinhlobo ezingama-500, eziningi zazo ezikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo, kanye nengxenye encane kakhulu endaweni efudumele.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Izinhlobo zeKirkazon ziyizidalwa ezinempilo zangaphansi ezinotshani obuluhlaza noma obunamatshe. Amahlamvu alula, abekwe kuma-petioles, okunye, imvamisa ukwakheka kwenhliziyo.
Izimbali ziyi-zygomorphic - okuwukuthi, zisesimweni esingajwayelekile, zine-tuber perianth, evuvukala kancane ngezansi. Ihlanganiswe nezinambuzane, ezimeni zethu izimpukane zivame ukwenza lokhu. Ngokuqondene nokuqina kwe-ebusika, kuyahluka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke kungcono ukucacisa le nto nabathengisi lapho uthenga.
Kufanele futhi unake iqiniso lokuthi i-aristolochia iyisitshalo esinoshevu futhi akufanele udle izithelo zayo noma amaqabunga.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Imvamisa, ngaphakathi endlini (noma ehlobo kubhavu engadini, nasebusika endlini) kukhulile U-Aristolochia unomusa. Le nhlobo yeza kithi ivela eNingizimu Melika. Ingakhula kakhulu, inamahlamvu amakhulu amahle anjengomzimba. Unezimbali ezinkulu, ubude bazo kwesinye isikhathi bufika ku-12 cm. Izimbali ziqala maphakathi nehlobo futhi zingahlala inyanga nenyanga.
Ezindaweni ezifudumele ungakhula Wazizwa u-Aristolochius noma okunye fluffyokungabekezeleli ukubanda. Le liana elihle endle likhula lifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10, kanti ubude balo obuhlanyelwe bufinyelela kumamitha ambalwa. Iziqu zayo ezincane zingama-pubescent amancane, futhi ngokuguga kancane kancane ziba nesisindo. Inamahlamvu amakhulu ayindilinga abekwe phezu kwesiqu eside. Izimbali zincanyana - kufika ku-5 cm.
I-aristolochia enkulu enkulu noma ishubhu isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu salolu hlobo, sihlose ukutshala engadini. Lo ngumvini omkhulu onokukhula ngokushesha. Iziqu zaso ziguquguqukayo impela, amaqabunga anomumo wenhliziyo, uthiniwe, mkhulu kakhulu - afinyelela ku-30 cm ubukhulu. Izimbali zingahanjiswa impova yizimpukane, zincane, kepha ziyabukeka.
U-Aristolochia waseManchu futhi nohlobo olutshaliwe olunamahlumela amade namahlamvu amakhulu enhliziyo enomzimba. Amaqabunga alolu hlobo anephunga elimnandi le-camphor. Izimbali zikhulu impela, kepha izimbali zenzeka minyaka yonke. Ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ezimweni ezinhle ikhula ibe ngu-2-3 m ngonyaka. Kungaba yiqhwa ebusika, kepha noma kunjalo, ibuyiselwa ngokufika kwentwasahlobo.
Aristolochia vulgaris noma clematis leli liana likhula libe ngama-cm angama-150 kuphela. Linamahlamvu angagqamile wesimo senhliziyo. Izimbali ziyafana iminduze yamanzi, ibekwe kuma-sinuses amaqabunga. Izimbali zihlala cishe inyanga futhi ziqala cishe ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Lolu hlobo, ngokungafani nezihlobo, imvamisa lubekezelela ukoma.
Aristolochia clematis hhayi izinhlobo ezinde kakhulu, ezikhula zibe yi-1 m ubude. Amahlumela alula, aqondile, amaqabunga wesimo senhliziyo, abekwe kuma-petioles, phansi kwesiqabunga ngimpunga, kunephunga elingathandeki. Izimbali ziphuzi, i-axillary, zincanyana. Izimbali zihlala cishe ihlobo lonke.
Giant Aristolochia izinhlobo ezinamahlamvu amakhulu futhi zikhudlwana - zifinyelela ku-30 cm ubude - izimbali. Izimbali zinephunga elingathandeki le-cadaveric eliheha izimpukane futhi lidale ukuphazamiseka lapho likhulile.
Ukutshala i-Aristolochia nokunakekela endaweni evulekile
IKirkazon ivumelana kalula nezimo ezikhulayo ezahlukahlukene, kepha isenezifiso ezithile zokushiya.
Ukukhanyisa akufanele kube kukhanya kakhulu, lezi zidalwa ezijwayelekile zidla ngokuqina emthunzini okhanyayo, kepha nokho zithanda ukuba sekukhanyeni, kanti i-Aristolochia bigifolia izokhula kahle ngisho nasethunzini. Kepha i-aristolochia enomusa idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, futhi ngisho nangombala omncane iyenqaba ukuqhuma. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, kungcono ukubeka izimbali, ngaphakathi nangaphakathi engadini, ezindaweni ezinokhanyo kahle, uzivikele elangeni eliqondile.
Indawo kumele ivikelwe emaphepheni omoya. Futhi akukhona ukuthi i-kircason yayikwesaba ukubanda, nje amaqabunga awo kanye namahlumela kulinyazwa kalula ngamapulani futhi kudwenguliwe.
Kuyinto engathandeki ukuthi izinga lokushisa elikhula ehlobo lihle ngaphansi kuka-20 ° C. Ebusika, lapho kukhula egumbini, i-thermometer kufanele inakekelwe ngo-12-15 ° C.
Kufanele futhi unakekele ukusekelwa ukuze imivini igobe endaweni oyidingayo.
I-Kobeya ingumvini omuhle, isitholi sangempela somklami, okhula kalula lapho utshala futhi unakekela emhlabathini ovulekile, kodwa nokho idinga imithetho embalwa okufanele ilandelwe. Ungathola zonke izincomo ezidingekayo zokukhula nokunakekelwa kule ndatshana.
Ukunisela Aristolochia
Ukwakheka kwesiqendwana akubalulekile ikakhulukazi, kepha kumele kube okunempilo, okuxekethile noku-humic, futhi futhi kube nesakhiwo esikhulu. Lemivini ithande umswakama futhi ikhula kahle ezindaweni eziphansi nasezindaweni zamanzi eziseduzane.
Lesi sitshalo siphathwa kabi isomiso futhi sidinga ukuchelela uma singakhuli eduze nedamu. Ukunisela, ukusebenzisa umuntu ngamunye amalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Izitshalo zasendlini nazo zivame ukuniselwa ukuze inhlabathi imanzi kancane. Ebusika, ukuchelela kuncishiswa uma izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe lehlile.
Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi iyakhululwa bese ukhula luyasuswa, kepha qaphela ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande ze-aristolochia liseduze kobuso, ngakho-ke phakathi kokususa ukhula akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungene ujule emhlabathini udlula i-5-7 cm.
Ekuqaleni kanye maphakathi nenkathi yokukhula, umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi kufanele usetshenziswe kumthamo oboniswe kwimiyalo.
I-pristing aristolochia
Kuyacebisa ukuthi ususe ama-inflorescence aqothulayo ukuze unwebe ukuqhakaza okujwayelekile.
Ukuthena kwenziwa lapho izitshalo ziqala ukuba zinde kakhulu. Futhi, iziqu eziluhlaza ezingagadliwe zigawulwa ngaphambi kobusika, emva kwalokho izitshalo zifakwe ngamahlamvu owomile.
Ukutshala imbewu ye-Aristolochia
I-Aristolochia ekhaya kulula ukuyisakaza ngendlela yenzalo noma izinqubo, kepha ukusikwa okuhle kusetshenziselwa i-aristolochia enhle, ngoba isatshalaliswa kabi yimbewu. Ezinhlotsheni ezisele, kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuqala ezimbili, ngoba zilula futhi zinikeza umphumela ongcono.
Izinto ezibonakalayo zembewu zisheshe ziba yindawo efanele ukukhula, ngakho-ke kudingeka ihlwanyelwe izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuthola imbewu. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngqo ebusika ngaphambi kwenhlabathi, ukuze imbewu ibuye ihlangane nemvelo yemvelo.
Uma uhlwanyela imbewu entwasahlobo, khona-ke kuzodingeka uzihlwithe ngokwakho ngokuzifaka ebhokisini esiqandisini elingezansi inyanga. Izitshalo ezisencane zidonsa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi- Juni, kuthi lapho sezikhulile, zitshalelwe kude cishe ngama-30 cm. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ezitholakala ezinhlotsheni kuhamba kancane, futhi lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho kukhethwa indlela yokusabalalisa.
Ezimweni zasekamelweni, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ezincane enhlabathini enomquba we-humus futhi embozwe ngengilazi. Izinga lokushisa lokumila licishe libe ngu-25 ° C, udinga futhi ukuchelela okukhanyisiwe nokukhanya okukhanyayo okuvela esibhamu sokufafaza, ukuze inhlabathi ibe manzi kancanyana, futhi ungakhohlwa ukufaka umoya esithelweni. Lapho kuvela amahlumela, ingilazi iyasuswa.
Ukusakazeka kwe-aristolochia ngokusika
Izisika ze-kircasone enomusa zisikwa entwasahlobo kusuka amahlumela bese zizinameka enhlabathini enomswakama, bese zimbozwa ngebhodlela lepulasitiki elingaphezulu. Kulesi zinhlobo, ukhula lwenhlanganisela lushesha kakhulu kuthi lapho iqhwa lidlula, isiqu singadluliselwa engadini.
Ama-aristolochia amaningi anika amahlumela amaningi wezimpande, angahlukaniswa futhi atshalwe kwenye indawo njengesitshalo esizimele.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-aristolochia ngokugoqa
Enye indlela engaxhomekeki ekubeni khona kwezinqubo ukwakheka. Inqubo yenziwa ngokuya ngemithetho ejwayelekile: ihlumela lasentwasahlobo lembiwa bese lilungiswa kulesi sikhundla.
Ngo-ekwindla, ukwakheka kwezakhiwo kuzoshintsha kube yisitshalo esizimele, okuyothi kwentwasahlobo elandelayo (uma isitshalo sikhulele emgwaqweni) sehlukaniswe nomzali.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
I-Aristolochia inezifo eziningi ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Kuphela kuphela abangamcasulayo ama-aphid futhi isicabucabu mitekodwa lezi zinambuzane azivamile ukuvela.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungaphendukela ekufafaza ngamawolintshi (kusuka kuma-aphid) noma ufafaze nge-infusions kagwayi, igalikhi noma i-anyanisi husks (kuzo zombili izinambuzane). Uma imali enjalo ingasizi, besebenzisa izidakamizwa ezihlaselayo.
