Ukutshala iklabishi nokunakekela enkundleni evulekile Izinsuku Zokutshala Ukulungisa ukuthambisa nokunisela okuqhubekayo

Izaqathi yisitshalo esiyimpande esitholakala ezindaweni ngisho nabalimi be-novice. Inothile ngamavithamini kanye namaminerali, futhi ngokuya ngokuqukethwe kwe-keratin kudlula yonke imifino nezithelo (ngaphandle kwe-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala). Ukuze ukhule ube mkhulu futhi ngisho nezithelo, kufanele wazi ama-nuances wokukhula.

Izimo zokukhula izaqathe enkundleni evulekile

Indawo yesayithi nokukhanyisa

Kumakherothi akhulayo, khetha indawo enokhanyo kahle - ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo usuku lonke ukuze kusizakale isitshalo. Lapho ukhulele emthunzini, umkhiqizo uyancipha, futhi izimfanelo zokunambitha ziya ziwohloka.

Inhlabathi

Inhlabathi idinga ukusabela okukhululekile, okungathathi hlangothi noma okune-acidic kancane. Amanzi anesihlabathi esikhanyayo noma i-loamy nenhlabathi kufanelekile. Emikhawulweni eminyene, izithelo zikhula ezincane, zithinteka ngokushesha ngokubola ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa.

Ungawulungisa kanjani umhlaba wokutshala izaqathe

Lungisa isiza ekwindla, ukuze umhlabathi uzinze entwasahlobo. Ukuze ukhululeke, uma inhlabathi isindayo, faka i-peat noma isihlabathi ukuze ubambe. Galela inhlabathi eseqediwe nge-humus (ama-6-8 kg nge-1 m²).

Izandulelo

Kungcono ukuthi ushintshe indawo yemibhede yekherothi minyaka yonke. Musa ukutshala izaqathe ngemuva kweparsley, dill, parsnip, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi. Izimbangela ezifanele zokuqala izaqathe zingamakhukhamba, utamatisi, ugalikhi, u-anyanisi, amazambane, iklabishi.

Izinsuku zokutshala izaqathe embewu evulekile yomhlabathi

Isivuno sezilimo ezimpandeni ngokuqondile kuncike esikhathini sokuhlwanyela. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zihlukile esikhathini sokuvuthwa (imininingwane kufanele ikhonjiswe kwiphakheji enezimbewu). Gxila futhi esikhathini sesikhathi sokuvuna oyifunayo.

Tshala nini izaqathe ebusika

Ukuthola izaqathi zakuqala noma imikhiqizo okuthiwa yiziqhubu, ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Inketho yokuqala kungenzeka kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo zesimo sezulu - noma ngaphansi kovimba obukhulu bophahla, imbewu ibanda ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.

Ukutshala ubusika izaqathi kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, lapho ukufudumeza kungasalindelekile. Uma imbewu idonsa futhi ihluma ekwindla, isithwathwa siyowabhubhisa. Ngakho-ke, izinsuku zokutshala zizama ukusunduza ngangokunokwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwekwindla.

Ukutshala izaqathe entwasahlobo emugqeni wesikhathi ovulekile womhlaba

Ukutshala isithwathwa sentwasahlobo ngokushesha nje lapho inhlabathi engaphezulu ifudumala ifinyelela kumazinga okushisa ayi-4-6 ° C. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo kuzoba sekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Khumbula: ukutshala ekuqaleni kwekherothi kanye nokubuya okubandayo okubandayo kuthinta kabi ikhwalithi yesithelo futhi kucasule ukubeka okusebenzayo kwemicibisholo yezimbali, kepha lokhu akusona isithiyo sokukhula kwezinhlobo zakuqala ezidliwa masinyane futhi ezingagcinwanga ebusika.

Izinhlobonhlobo zesikhathi sokuvuthwa isikhathi eside zihle kakhulu kwisitoreji sesikhathi eside. Zihlwanyele ngokusungulwa kokushisa kweqiniso (15-18 ° C).

Ilungiselela imbewu yekherothi yokutshala entwasahlobo

Ilungiselela imbewu ye-karoti yokutshala entwasahlobo yentwasahlobo

Ungayicubungula kanjani kahle imbewu ye-carrot ngaphambi kokutshala

Okokuqala, khetha imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme: ibeke kwisisombululo sikasawoti wokudla okwemizuzu engu-3-5, okuntantayo ebusweni akulungele ukuhlwanyelwa. Hlambulula okusele ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo, bamba usuku ngendwangu emanzi eligcotshwe isixazululo se-stimulator sokukhula. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu yomiswa ukuze ikwazi ukuhamba futhi ihlwanyelwe ngokushesha.

Kungenzeka ukuthi kumila imbewu yekherothi ngaphambi kokutshala

Abanye abalimi benza okulandelayo ukusheshisa ukuhluma. Imbewu ibekwa ngendwangu emanzi futhi igcinwe emazingeni okushisa angama-20-24 ° C izinsuku ezingama-5-6. Kubalulekile ukuthi imbewu ivuvukale kuphela, kodwa ingaqhamuki, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlumela azolimala ngesikhathi sokufakelwa futhi imbewu ngeke ihlume. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu isomiswe kancane ukuze kube nokugeleza bese ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha.

Imbewu yekherothi ingalungiselelwe ukuhlwanyelwa ngendlela engjwayelekile: Zisongelwe ngendwangu futhi zembiwa zijule engadini kuze kufike isikhathi lapho umhlabathi uvuthwa (cishe ngefosholo le-bayonet). Bashiye emhlabathini izinsuku eziyishumi. Imbewu ngeke idonsa, kodwa izokulungela kahle ukuhluma okusheshayo. Zomise kancane bese uhlwanyela masinyane.

Ungatshala kanjani izaqathe ngembewu emhlabathini

Ungakuhlwanyela kanjani izaqathe esithombeni somhlaba ovulekile

Ibanga phakathi kwembewu izaqathi lapho kutshalwa

Yenza imifino engashoni esakhiweni, amanzi kahle. Vala imbewu ekujuleni okungamasentimitha angama-2-3. Bheka ibanga phakathi kwemigqa engu-15-20 cm, zama ukubeka imbewu ngayinye kude ne-2 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.

Isikimu sokutshala izaqathe enkundleni evulekile

Ngokwesilinganiso sezimboni, kulula kakhulu ukutshala izaqathe emigqeni ephindwe kabili: ibanga phakathi kwemigqa emibili liyi-15-20 cm, ukuhlukaniswa okubanzi kwamamitha angama-40-50 cm.

Kuyinto elula ukwenza amabala abe mancane (cishe ama-1,3-1,5 m) ukuze ukwazi ukufinyelela ngezandla zombili izinhlanga ukhula imigqa. Kungcono ukuhlela imigqa iqonde ngaphesheya kombhede, ngakho-ke, kulula kakhulu ukuhlwanyela, ukudabula nokunisela izitshalo. Isikhala sokukhula kube ngamasentimitha angama-15 kuya kwengama-20. Emaphethelweni emibhede enza izinhlangothi ukuvikela amanzi ukuthi angangeni.

Ngabe ngidinga ukunisela izaqathe ngemuva kokutshala?

Uma isimo sezulu sipholile futhi simanzi, asikho isidingo sokunisela. Ngezinsuku ezifudumele zelanga, inhlabathi iyoma ngokushesha, kulokhu, ukuthambisa ngokulinganayo ngeke kube kubi. Kodwa-ke, khumbula: umswakama owedlulele uzothuthukisa ukwakheka kokuqhekeka komhlaba, okubi kakhulu kunokuswela kokunisela. Ngakho-ke, moisten ngokucophelela, ufafaza umbhede kancane. Ukunisela kuyaphindwa njalo ekuseni kuze kuvele izithombo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzokwazi ukukhulula ukuhlukaniswa komugqa namanzi kancane, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-1-2, ngokuvula okuyisibopho kokuhlukaniswa komugqa, kuze kube yilapho zivaliwe izihloko ezikhulile.

Zidla imbewu engakanani izaqathe?

Isimo sezulu esifudumele, imbewu izohluma cishe isonto. Isikhathi sokuzala siphindwe kabili uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kuka-12 ° C. Faka izikhala ezingenalutho ngokuhlwanyela okwengeziwe.

Ngaphambi kobusika, imbewu ihlwanyelwa emazingeni okushisa enhlabathi ngaphansi kuka +5 ° C. Gxilisa imbewu ngo-2 cm. Ubukhulu be-mulch ungqimba kufanele lube ngu-3-4 cm. Uma isembozo seqhwa singenalutho, ngaphezu kwalokho simboze ngamagatsha e-spruce, sandise ungqimba lube yingxenye yemitha.

Ukunakekelwa kwekherothi ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukutshala izaqathe emhlabathini ngembewu nokunakekelwa okwengeziwe

Ukucwilisa

Ukuze ukhule izilimo ezinkulu zezimpande, kuyadingeka ukulawula izinga lokutshala okuqinile. Okokuqala mncane ngokubukeka kwala maqabunga. Amahlumela athambile, ukuze akwazi ukususwa kahle, kuyadingeka ukunisela kakhulu, ngemuva kokoma, ukukhulula umhlabathi kancane.

Susa izitshalo esisodwa ngasikhathi, ushiye ibanga elingama-2-3 cm phakathi kwezitshalo ngazinye. Kungcono ukufeza inqubo ngesikhathi sasemini - kusihlwa ungadonsela iklabishi ukundiza kwisiza sezinambuzane. Ungashiyi iziqongo engadini. Cindezela inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo kancane ukuze ugcine amahlumela eqondile. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20, uphinde uphinde ukhiphe, uliphinda kabili ibanga.

Ukunisela izaqathe ngemuva kokutshala futhi kamuva

I-juiciness nokunambitheka okumnandi kwezilimo zezimpande kuya ngokuthi ukuchelela. Nikeza ukuthambisa ejwayelekile kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula kwekherothi. Inhlabathi kumele ibe manzi ize ekujuleni ngokuya ngosayizi wezitshalo ezimpande. Nisela umbhede ngezaqathi zabantu abadala ukuze inhlabathi imanzi ngamasentimitha angama-30. Ukusuka kokuntuleka komswakama, izithelo ziyavilapha, ngokunambitheka okumunyu.

Amanzi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4, engeza amalitha amanzi angama-30- 40 nge-1 m² ukunika umswakama ukwakheka kwezilimo zezimpande. Izimpande zobukhulu obuphakathi ziyakwazi ukuthola umswakama ngokwazo - engeza amalitha ayi-10-20 amanzi nge-1 m² kanye ngesonto. Kusukela ukuphela kuka-Agasti, amalitha ayi-8-10 amanzi nge-1 m² anele njalo emavikini ayi-1.5-2. Emavikini lamabili ngaphambi kwekuvunwa, gibela izaqathe ngaphandle kokunisela.

Ukushintshwa okungazelelwe kusuka ekumeni umhlabathi uye emswakama ngokweqile kuholela ekuqhekekeni kwezithelo, ezithinta ukugcina kwazo ikhwalithi.

Ukuvula imigwaqo njalo, ukhula lutshala ukhula.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Izaqathi kufanele zondliwe kabili ngesizini. Chitha ukugqoka kokuqala emavikini ama-3-4 ngemuva kokuvela, okwesibili - ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa. Galela ngamafomu uketshezi. Ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi, engeza lapho ukhetha: izinkomishi ezi-2 zomlotha wokhuni; 1 tbsp. l ama-nitrofosks; 20 g we-potrateum nitrate, 15 g we-superphosphate ephindwe kabili kanye ne-urea.

Izifo kanye nezinambuzane izaqathi

I-Carrot fly iyisitha esikhulu sesitshalo. Kubonakala ngotshani obukhulu, phambi kokhula, kusuka kumswakama omningi womhlabathi. Uzoqonda ukuthi ukutshala kuthinteka impukane ye-carrot, ngokwezimpawu ezilandelayo: amaqabunga azoqala ukuncipha futhi omile. Ukwelapha izinambuzane kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha.

Ukuvikela izimpukane zekherothi, ama-marigolds atshalwa eduze kwemibhede yekherothi, iphunga lawo elixosha izinambuzane.

Izaqathe zithambekele ezifweni. Mhlawumbe unqobele i-fomoz, i-alternariosis. Ingozi yezifo incishiswa ukwelashwa kombhede nge-1% yesisombululo se-Bordeaux fluid.

Ukuvuna Izaqathi

Ungakuhlanza kanjani futhi uhlanganise izaqathi

Izaqathe azesabi ukubanda, kepha izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphansi (ngaphansi kuka-+8 ° C) likhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwesitashi sibe ushukela, okuzothinta kabi ukugcina ikhwalithi. Maphakathi nezwe, izaqathi kufanele zivunwe ekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Yenza lokhu ngesimo sezulu esomile. Bopha izaqathe, usakaze izimpande kusuka emhlabathini, ubambe emoyeni (hhayi elangeni eliqondile) cishe amahora ayi-1.5-2, bese usika iziqongo. Hlunga isivuno, faka izithelo ezibushelelezi ngaphandle kokulimazeka emabhokisini angena umoya, gcina endaweni epholile emnyama.

Izaqathi zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile: izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu

Ukukhetha imbewu ye-karoti: izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zomhlaba ovulekile. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, umuntu angakhetha kalula inketho engcono kakhulu yokutshala kwentwasahlobo kanye nekwindla.

Cabanga ngezinhlobo ezikhiqiza kakhulu:

Isithombe se-Carrot alenka

I-Alenka iyinhlobo yokuqala yokuvuthwa, ungayivuna ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-50 zokukhula. Ngempande ubude obungu-12-15 cm, isisindo singama-145 g.

Isithombe se-Carrot Tushon

I-Tushon yizinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa, izithelo zayo zilungele ukuvunwa ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili zokukhula. Isisindo - 150 g, ubude - 20 cm.

Isithombe se-Carrot Nantes

I-Nantes iyinhlobonhlobo yokuvuthwa okuphakathi nesikhathi sokuvuthwa sezinsuku ezingama-85-90. Ubude obujwayelekile besitshalo esimpande esingamakhanda buyi-16 cm ngesisindo se-165 g.

Carrot Vitamin Photo

Vitamin - izimpande zezitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukuqoqwa emva kwezinsuku eziyi-110-112 zokukhula. Isisindo - 150 g, ubude bezimpande - cishe 15 cm.

Isithombe se-Carrot Queen of Autumn

I-Queen of Autumn yizinhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile, ukuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingama-125- 135. Ilungele isitoreji sasebusika. Ngempande engu-20 cm, inesisindo esingama-160 g.

Isithombe se-Carrots Flacca

UFlacca - ubhekisa ezinhlotsheni ezisekupheleni. Ungavuna ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-100-120 zokukhula. Isitshalo esimpande esingu-30 cm ubude sinesisindo esingu-150-170 g.