Ukuze ugweme umphumela wenkulumo eyaziwayo ukuthi iRussia iyizwe lamatamatisi ahlala liluhlaza, abathandi bokutshala le mifino endaweni evulekile ye-Middle Strip kufanele bakhumbule amathiphu alula.
Isithiyo esikhulu esivimbela isivuno samatamatisi esigcwele esigcwele ekukhuleni ukuhlulwa kwezitshalo ngukulimala okulimaza sekwephuzile. Amabala ansundu kumaqabunga nezithelo aba yisiqalekiso, futhi alwa kanzima ukusebenzisa amandla ekukhuleni izithelo azithandayo.
Indlela yokukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele
Isimo esikhulu somphumela omuhle kumzila ophakathi nendawo yizimo zezulu ngo-Agasti - kuphela inyanga eyomile neyashisayo kuqinisekisa abathandi bakamatamatisi umphumela omuhle. Kuyavela ukuthi ukulwa nokulimaza sekwephuzile kulula kakhulu kuzo zonke izimo zezulu ehlobo. Kufanele ukhumbule (bhala phansi), wenze izibalo ezincane zezibalo bese ulandela izeluleko ezilula:
Musa ukushesha ukutshala imbewu yezithombo zezitamatisi zenhlabathi engavikelekile. Ubudala obulungile bezithombo zezinsuku ezingama-50-60 (kusukela ngesikhathi sokufaka noma ukutshala emhlabathini).- Ungalokothi usheshe lapho utshala izithombo emhlabathini. Lindela ukusatshiswa kwesithwathwa.
- Bala ubude besikhathi esikahle sotamatisi sendawo yakho. Isibonelo, ngokuya ngeminyaka eminingi yokubukwa kochwepheshe bezolimo esifundeni saseMoscow, usongo lokugcina lokupholisa ebusuku lwenzeka ngemuva kukaJuni 5-10. Esifundeni esifanayo, isifo esisebenza ngokulimaza kuqala ngokuvela "kokukhula kuka-Agasti" maphakathi nenyanga. Ngakho-ke, izimo ezinhle zizohlala izinsuku ezingama-65−70, futhi izithombo zomhlabathi ovulekile kufanele zitshalwe ngo-Ephreli 5-10.
- Khumbula ukuthi izimo zokukhulisa izithombo ekhaya azilungile futhi lokhu kuthinta isikhathi nokuphakama kokwakhiwa kwe-inflorescence yokuqala, futhi futhi unake lokho okubizwa ngokulahleka kokugaya izithombo lapho kudluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile (i-acclimatization) - izinsuku ezingama-5-10. Ngokwesilinganiso, lesi sibalo izinsuku ezingama-15.
Musa ukushesha ukutshala imbewu yezithombo zezitamatisi zenhlabathi engavikelekile. Ubudala obulungile bezithombo zezinsuku ezingama-50-60 (kusukela ngesikhathi sokufaka noma ukutshala emhlabathini).Ngakho-ke, ukungeza kuma-constants ama-50-60 (iminyaka engu-seedling) ukuhlukahluka okuhle 65-70 (esifundeni saseMoscow) nokususa ama-15 (ukumiswa kwentuthuko), ubude besikhathi bubaliwe isikhathi sezitshalo utamatisi esifanele ukulinyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile womucu ophakathi ziyizinsuku eziyi-100 kuya kwezi-5.
Ehlukanisweni ngokuvuthwa lezi zibalo zihambelana nezinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola imbewu noma izithombo zokuvuthwa kokuqala, ukuvuthwa okuphakathi kwamaphakathi noma utamatisi sekwephuzile, “uzosebenzela” engozini nasengozini yakho.
Amanye amathiphu okufanele ungawanaki
Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokukhula kuphela izinhlobo zokuqala zamatamatisi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi emgqeni ophakathi, ngesikhathi sengozi yokulimala okungaphansi, bazovele baqale ukuvuthwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uqoqe inani elikhulu kakhulu lamatamatisi avuthiwe, udinga gcina izincomo ezilandelayo:
Faka isicelo sobuchwepheshe. Uma kunokwenzeka, yakha amafulemu alula (0.6 m) ngefilimu, kepha okungcono ibe yindwangu embozekayo emhlophe. Sebenzisa le ndlela kukuvumela ukuthi utshale izithombo ezinsukwini eziyi-10−25 ngaphambi kosuku lweqhwa lokugcina lokugcina (June 10) bese unweba isikhathi esivumayo. Qiniseka ukuthi amaqabunga katamatisi awathinti ifilimu. Izindawo zokukhosela ezinjalo azikwazi ukudicilelwa phansi.- Khawulela inani le -onsons namabhulashi. Ukukhula izilo ezikhulu zamatamatisi ezinenani elikhulu lamahlumela, ama-stepons nezithelo ngeke kuholele kumphumela ongcono. Isonto ngalinye khipha izingane zokutholwa ezengeziwe, kufaka phakathi ezingaphansi komhlaba. Noma yikuphi ukuncoma encazelweni ehlukahlukene, noma kunjalo, yakha isitshalo samatamatisi ngeziqu ezi-1 noma ezi-2 kuphela.
- Susa wonke ama-inflorescence nama-ovari ngemuva kukaJulayi 1 - bazothatha ubungqabavu futhi bavikele ukuvuthwa kwezithelo. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhomba iphuzu lokukhula maphakathi noJulayi futhi lokhu kukhwabanisa okulula kuzosiza ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwamatamatisi angakwesokunxele. Ngezikhathi ezithile sinquma wonke amaqabunga aphansi, amadala nanokugula.
- Bopha zonke izihlahla. Ukwemukelwa kokubopha kubhekwa njengokuphoqelekile enkambisweni yezolimo yokukhulisa izinhlobo zokuqala. Ngokubopha izitshalo ezigxotsheni, uzothuthukisa ukuhamba komoya futhi unciphise ubungozi bezifo ngenxa yemikhawulo yokuhlangana kwamaqabunga enhlabathini.
Faka isicelo sobuchwepheshe. Uma kunokwenzeka, yakha amafulemu alula (0.6 m) ngefilimu, kepha okungcono ibe yindwangu embozekayo emhlophe. Sebenzisa le ndlela kukuvumela ukuthi utshale izithombo ezinsukwini eziyi-10−25 ngaphambi kosuku lweqhwa lokugcina lokugcina (June 10) bese unweba isikhathi esivumayo. Qiniseka ukuthi amaqabunga katamatisi awathinti ifilimu. Izindawo zokukhosela ezinjalo azikwazi ukudicilelwa phansi.Ungakhohlwa ngokuvikela - Ukuphathwa okunjalo kunomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yokuthuthuka kwesitshalo ngesikhathi esivumayo. Sebenzisa amakhambi amasha anamuhla - ngokwesibonelo, u-Donor no-Biofora. Phatha imbewu, izimpande zezithombo (lapho uthululela emhlabathini) bese uphatha izitshalo njalo emavikini ama-2. Ungakhohlwa ngokuvama kokutshala nokugqoka okuphezulu.
Izinhlobo Ezifakazelwe Eziphakathi Kwemaphakathi
Ungacasuki ngenxa yemikhawulo etholakele ekukhetheni kwezinhlobo ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa kwezithelo. Tshala emibhedeni inhlanganisela yam utamatisi wamahekeli ahlukene, ngemibala ehlukahlukene kanye nezimo zezithelo. Bheka uhlu oluncane lwezinhlobo zamatamatisi ezivuthiwe zokuqala ezifanele ukulinyelwa enhlabathini engavikelekile maphakathi neRussia, okuzosiza ukwenza lula ukukhetha kwembewu.
Universal
Alicante. Ukumelana nezifo zokukhunta kanye nomswakama ophezulu, izinhlobo ezinde ezikhethiwe zesiNgisi. Umumo oyindilinga wendabuko nombala obomvu, isisindo esingu-100 g, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Izithelo eziphezulu kakhulu. Amabhasi akaqhamuki.
Bang. Amabhasi aphansi abekezelela ihlobo elinemvula nelibandayo. Izithelo ezibomvu - kuze kufike ku-200 g. Ukuqhuma kungukukhethwa okuthuthukisiwe kwe-White Bulk ejwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu.
Irina. Isitshalo esiphakathi nendawo enezithelo eziyindilinga ezibomvu nesisindo esingama-50 kuye kwayi-70 g. Sakha ama-ovaries kahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ihluka ngesivuno esiyi-100% semikhiqizo engathengiswa kanye nokukhiqizwa okwandisiwe - 20% ephakeme kunenkambiso ngokuya nge-Argo standard.
Umuntu Wezwe. I-Carpal hybrid, kungenzeka ukuthi ihlwanyele imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile. Kwaziswa ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kotamatisi obunjwe nge-plum, obomvu ngokugqamile ngombala, ngezithelo ezinesisindo esingama-g 90. Izinhlobonhlobo zibonisa imiphumela emihle ngisho nasezindaweni zokulima eziyingozi.
Isaladi futhi enkulu izithelo
Labo abathanda ukuzenzela ezithelo ezimnandi ngqo kusuka engadini nakanjani bazoyithanda:
Ilona. Amabhishi asayizi aphakathi nendawo anamaqabunga "amazambane" nezithelo ezibomvu zohlobo lwendabuko ezinesisindo esingaba ngu-120 g.Khombisa imiphumela ezinzile kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu.- ULusizo. I-hybrid emfushane enokumelana okuthe xaxa cishe kuzo zonke izifo ezithinta utamatisi. Isivuno esihle nesizinzile ehlobo elibandayo. Utamatisi obomvu, oyindilinga (90 g) kwizidleke ezingama-3-4 ngaphezulu kwamaqabunga ayi-7.
- EPortland. I-Hybrid evela eGavrish. Izihlahla zokukhula okuphakathi nendawo enezithelo ezibomvu eziyindilinga kufinyelela ku-100 g. Ngenxa yokumelana nokukhetha kokushintshwa okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama ophezulu, la matamatisi abonisa isivuno esikhulu - aze afike ku-5 kg esihlahleni esisodwa.
- I-Persimmon. Usayizi ophakathi nendawo (kuze kufike ku-1 m), kepha isihlahla esihlanganisiwe esinezithelo zewolintshi ezinesisindo esisuka ku-150 siye kuma-300 g. Siyakwazisa okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-carotene. Isitshalo esakhiwe ku-1 stalk sinika ama-2-3 kg utamatisi.
- Uyenqaba. Izithelo ezinkulu, ezibomvu zohlobo lwakudala lwalezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyisibiliboco sangempela. Yaziswa ngezivuno eziphakeme, ezizinzileyo nokumelana nezimo ezingezinhle.
- Amaphawundi ayi-100. Ibanga elikhiqiza kakhulu. Ukusebenza kahle ngisho nasendaweni evulekile - utamatisi unesikhathi sokuthola isisindo kusuka ku-500 kuye ku-700 g futhi uvuthiwe. Izithelo zibomvu, zinamanzi kakhulu.
- I-Tsar Bell. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezingathathaleli zamatamatisi enkabeni yeRussia. Isihlahla esinokuphakama okufika kumamitha ayi-1. Izithelo ezibomvu ezimnyama zinesimo esidlule futhi zinezisindo ezingama-400-700 g.
Ilona. Amabhishi asayizi aphakathi nendawo anamaqabunga "amazambane" nezithelo ezibomvu zohlobo lwendabuko ezinesisindo esingaba ngu-120 g.Khombisa imiphumela ezinzile kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu.Ukulondolozwa
I-Königsberg Gold. I-Orange zifakwe emanzini anosawoti izinhlobo ezahlukene. Amamitha afinyelela ku-1.8 m. Naphezu kwesisindo esisodwa sikatamatisi esisodwa (200-300 g), kulula kakhulu ukulondolozwa - izithelo eziphakeme zidlula kalula entanyeni bese zibhekisisa "ulayini" izimbiza nemiphini. Isivuno sesigaxa esisodwa kungamabhulashi ama-3-4 nezithelo ezi-4-5 kuleso naleso.
Rocket. Isihlahla esifushane, esinamaqabunga kancane (50-60 cm) ngezithelo ezibomvu ezi-oval (50-60 g) nesivuno esihle. Umphumela womsebenzi wokufuya okhethekile wokutshala kulayini ophakathi nendawo. Ukukhetha okuhle nomphumela oqinisekisiwe.
Tolstoy. I-hybrid ende ende katamatisi ekhiqiza kakhulu - ifinyelela kuma-12 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa! Ingakhula ezindaweni ezinomthunzi. Izithelo zibomvu ngokugqamile, ziyindilinga, zinesikhumba esiminyene futhi zinesisindo esingu-100 g.
Okokwenza usawoti
Tarasenko - 2. Ama-hybrid amade (afinyelela kumamitha amabili) okhethelo olukhethekile "ngaphansi koshizi". Izithelo eziyindilinga evikelekile enekhala elikhishwe ngaphandle azihambelani kalula ngosawoti, kodwa futhi zinekhwalithi enhle kakhulu yokugcina futhi zingamelana nokubekeka okulula kuze kube nguDisemba.
Maroussia. Izinhlobonhlobo eziphakathi nendawo ezihambelana kahle nezimo zezulu eziphikisayo. Utamatisi ubomvu, uyindilinga, unesisindo esingama-g 100. Izitshalo zibekezelela isomiso kahle, futhi izithelo aziqhekeki futhi zingawa.
Isimangaliso esiyisimangaliso. Isiqu esifushane sesihlahla esinezithelo eziphakeme, ezi-oval, nezithelo ezibomvu ze-orange. Isisindo - 100 g. Ukusebenza kahle kwalezi “utamatisi” kuyaphambanisa ukuthengwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Okokufaka
Charlie chaplin. I-Indeterminate (emide) isitshalo esinezimpande eziphothiwe, ezinkulu, ezibomvu. Izinhlobonhlobo zalawa matamatisi sezihloliwe iminyaka - zitshalwa kusukela ngo-1953.
Imichilo eyimigqa. Izinhlobonhlobo ezithela phezulu kubafuyi baseJalimane. Inezindonga eziwugqinsi kakhulu zezithelo utamatisi. Umaphakathi "ucindezelwe" futhi ukhipha kalula. Utamatisi obunjiwe nguCuboid uhlobisa kakhulu - upende obomvu futhi umbozwe imicu ephuzi.
Ekuphetheni, ithiphu eyodwa - uma uthola izithelo ezithinteka izindawo ezinsundu, ungalindi ukuvuthwa, kodwa ngokushesha ukhiphe bese uzicubungula ku-caviar ye-utamatisi noma isaladi. Ihlobo elifudumele, utamatisi omnandi nokuvunwa okuhle kakhulu!
