I-Ideal walnut, eyabiwa maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule, yaba ngenye yezinhlobo zokuqala zaseSoviet zalesi siko. Ukuvunwa okukhulu kwamakhulu wamakhilogremu kuqoqwe kusuka ezihlahleni ezalinywa nge-walnut ezifundeni eziseningizimu. Kepha izinhlobo ezazitholakala kubalimi zaziyi-thermophilic, zinde futhi zakhula isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokufika kuma-pores athela izithelo. Ukuze sandise indawo ekhula nge-walnut, yenze lula ubuchwepheshe bezolimo futhi isheshise ukuvuna, kwakudingeka izinhlobo ezintsha.
Ososayensi abavela e-Uzbek SSR babhekana ngempumelelo nalo msebenzi ngo-1947. EFerghana, abafuyi bezitshalo bakwazile ukuthola izitshalo eziqinile ezivuthiwe ezivuthiwe ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye namantongomane amahle avuthiwe. Idalwe ngu-S.S. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Kalmykov walnut Umuzwa ofanele wabalimi abaningi usondele kakhulu ekupheleleni.
Umbono We-Walnut Ohlukile
Ukusuka kunhlobonhlobo yezinhlobo zaseningizimu, i-Ideal ihlukaniswa ukukhula okuphezulu kokuqala, ukwehla nokwanda kwesithwathwa.
Ngokwesilinganiso, izihlahla zabantu abadala zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-4-5 kuphela ukuphakama, okuphindwe ka-1.5-2 kunezinye izinhlobo. Amaqanda okuqala ezitshalweni ezisencane avela eminyakeni engama-2-3 ngemuva kokutshala, kanti i-walnut Ideal ifinyelela umkhiqizo ozinzile ngeminyaka engama-5-7.
Njengoba kufanela i-walnut, amagxolo engxenyeni evamile yezihlahla has a hue brown brown-brown. Amagatsha asemathanjeni kanye namahlumela athela izithelo ambozwe ngamagxolo ansundu, kanti ukukhula okuncane kupendwe ngamathoni aluhlaza aqhakaza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaqabunga esiko eliyigugu lensimu makhulu, aminyene, ahlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi ezingakhokhelwa, ezigcwele ovalweni.
Izimbali zokuqala zezithombo ze-walnut Ideal zenzeka ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu. Ngayo leyo nkathi, ngemuva kokuba umbala omhlophe obomvana, izimbali ezincane eziqoqwe emabhulashini zihlanjululwe ngumoya, ifomu lamaqanda okuqala emagatsheni.
Isici sesiko izimbali ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nokuba khona kwegagasi lesibili lezimbali, okuthi eminyakeni ephumelelayo lisize ekutholeni izitshalo ezimbili zamantongomane amahle ngasikhathi sinye.
Ukuphindwa kabusha kwamabhulashi wezimbali, ngokusho kwencazelo ye-Ideal walnut yezinhlobonhlobo, kuqala izinsuku eziyi-7-15 ngemuva kokuqala, okukhulu kakhulu kwegagasi futhi akupheli kuze kufike ukuwa. Uma ehlumela lwentwasahlobo lwentwasahlobo luhlatshwa isithwathwa, umlimi kungenzeka angakhathazeki ngesilimo. Hhayi kakhulu, kepha ngokuqinisekile uyoba njalo.
Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo ezinkulu, ezi-oval ezimbozwe ngegobolondo oluhlaza obumnyama kuqala ngoSepthemba futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Isisindo esijwayelekile se-walnut ekahle amagremu ayisishiyagalombili. Igobolondo lomthunzi olula we-beige mncane impela. Ngemuva kokumiswa, iqhuma kalula, ikhulule i-kernel ngokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, ephezulu ngamaprotheni namafutha. Isikhathi sonyaka esihlahleni esikhulu, ungafinyelela ku-100-120 kg wamantongomane akhethiwe.
Izinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo zifaka:
- ukungena ekuqaleni kwenkathi yezithelo;
- isivuno esihle;
- osayizi abahlangene;
- ukumelana nesithwathwa, okuvumela i-walnut ukuthi ikwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa ebusika aze afike ku-30-35 ° C ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu.
Ngokutshala i-walnut ekahle, ukuxubeka kwenhlabathi ekhethekile akudingeki. Izitshalo zihlanganiswa kahle futhi zikhula enhlabathini ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kosawoti kanye nama-asidi.
Ukuphela komkhawulo okufanele unakwe lapho udlulisa isithombo emhlabathini wukusondelana kwamanzi asemhlabeni. Azibaluleki kakhulu isihlahla se-walnut esinohlaka oluyisisekelo sohlelo lwezimpande.
Izici zokutshala nokukhulisa izinhlobo zama-walnuts Zinhle
I-walnut efanelekayo okusakazwa imbewu kanye nezithombo ezixhunyekwe iminyaka engu-1-2 yokuphila. Indlela yesibili iyancomeka, ngoba izithombo, yize zingenakungabaza futhi ziqinile, azihlali zigcina izici zazo zobuzali, ikakhulukazi uma bekunethuba lokuwela impova ngezitshalo zolunye uhlobo.
Uma imbewu yesithombo se-walnut ikhulile esizeni, kufanele ihlanganiswe ngezindlela zokusika ezi-varietal. Ukugoma izinso akuthembekile kakhulu ngenxa yengozi yokuqandeka.
Okokuhlwanyela, kukhethwa amantongomane aphilile, ahlukaniswe ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingama-30-45, bese kuthi entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla, adluliselwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe. Izihlahla ezincane nazo zitshalwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, inyanga ngaphambi kokufika kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, i-Ideal walnut iyenqena kakhulu ukukhula, kodwa ngemuva kobusika iyakhula ngentshiseko, ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1-1.3 ukuphakama ekwindla.
Ngokutshala, khetha indawo enelanga lapho imiqhele yezinye izilimo ingeke iphazamise umuthi. Kusukela ngonyaka wokuqala, isihlahla esihluma sidinga ukwakhiwa, esenziwa ngethemba lokuthi:
- kwakukhona ilanga elanele kuwo wonke amagatsha omqhele;
- wonke umqhele wadalwa;
- ukuphonsa kanye namahlumela akhula ngaphakathi akuzange kuphazamisane nokuvundiswa kwama-brushes wezimbali.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-Ideal walnut ijabulisa ngezithelo eziphakeme kanye nokubukwa okuhle kusuka eminyakeni engama-40 kuye kwengama-50. Lokhu kuyinto encane kunaleyo yabazalwane aseningizimu, kepha leyo yimali enhlobonhlobo yokwenza icompactness kanye nokungenzeka kukhule ngisho naseBlack Earth Region, eSigodini saseVolga naseRussia maphakathi.
