Uma ucabanga ngesikhwama esinezimbewu zamatamatisi, encazelweni ungabona uhlobo lokukhula kwesitshalo, olungacacisa noma lungahluphi. Okwenza abalimi bokuqala, le mibandela ayihlali icacile futhi ayinakwa uma ukhetha izinhlobo ezintsha. Utamatisi obekade ungaziwa ohlwanyelwe embhedeni ngaphandle kokubheka uhlobo lokukhula unganikeza ukuqina kwesitshalo okuqinile noma isakhiwo esingenalutho, esithinta kabi isivuno esiphelele. Ngakho-ke, kuphakama umbuzo: utamatisi ongenayo futhi oqondile, kuyini? Ake sibheke lemininingwane emibili ngemininingwane.
Okushiwo yigama izinhlobonhlobo zokuchaza
Igama elithi "determinant" uqobo livela egameni elithi "ukuzimisela", okusho ngesiLatini lisho ukunqunyelwa, ngakho-ke elithi "Detinant" lisho ukuthi "limited", futhi "indeterminate" - "angenamkhawulo".
Ngokuphathelene nohlobo lokukhula kukatamatisi: okunqumayo - ngokukhula okulinganiselwe, ukufakwa ngaphakathi - ukukhula okungenamkhawulo.
Yini imikhawulo yamatamatisi achazayo? Ukuvinjelwa kokukhula kwephex central kwenzeka ngebrashi yezimbali. Lokhu kwenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo: lapho sekuphela ihlumela, kwakhiwa i-ovary nezithelo, bese iyeka ukukhula. Ukukhula okuthe xaxa kukatamatisi kuvela kwindodana enamandla kakhulu esesifubeni seqabunga eliphansi.
Utamatisi we-Indeterminate awunawo lo mkhawulo. Ukukhula kwe-apex yabo ephakathi kwenzeka ngaphandle kwemikhawulo nge-brashi yezimbali.
Funda futhi i-athikili: kanjani ukucindezela utamatisi ezweni?
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamatamatisi anqunyelwe naphakathi?
Ama-Indeterminate ones kulula ukuwahlukanisa kusuka kumatamatisi anqabisayo noma ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali nezithelo.
Izithombo
Lapho kuvela izithombo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4, idolo le-cotyledonary liyaqonda futhi uhlobo lwalo lungasetshenziswa ukunquma ngokungaqondile uhlobo lwesihlahla esizayo. Ezinhlotsheni ezingafakwanga isikhathi eside (3-5 cm) kunalezi zinhlobo ezinqumayo (1-3 cm). Kodwa-ke, ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, isithombo singathulula okuningi bese sinquma ukuthi yisiphi isihlahla esizoba nzima impela. Kulesi sithombe kukhona izithombo zikatamatisi ongafakwanga, idolo langaphansi lide.
Izithombo
Lapho isithombo sifinyelela eminyakeni yobudala bokuvela kwebrashi yokuqala yezimbali, unganquma kalula uhlobo lwesihlahla esizayo. Utamatisi we-Indeterminate akha ibhulashi lokuqala ngemuva kwe-8-9 yaleliqabunga nangaphezulu, okunqunyelwe - ngemuva kwe-6-7 yalelihlamvu nangezansi. Isibonelo sezinhlobonhlobo ezingenayo iyabonakala esithombeni, sekuvele kukhona amaqabunga wangempela ayi-9, kepha hhayi ibhulashi elilodwa lezimbali.
Izitshalo zabantu abadala
Lapho isithombo sesitshalwe kudala, sikhule kahle futhi sinamabhulashi ambalwa aboshwe ngezithelo, kunzima ukuthola ukuthi inani lamacembe liye kuyi-ovary yokuqala, ngoba izithombo bezingavuleka futhi ingxenye yesigahla igcinwe ngaphansi komhlaba.
Izinhlobo ze-Indeterminate zibeka imbali ngokusebenzisa amashidi ama-3. Utamatisi oqondile phakathi kwamabhulashi njalo unamaqabunga eqiniso angaphansi kwama-3.
Esitshalweni sezilimo ezinqumayo ungahlala uthole ihlumela lokukhula kwalo liphela esibelethweni; Iphutha eliyiphutha le-utamatisi langaphakathi le-Determant lingaba njalo lapho, ngenkathi kwakhiwa lesi sitshalo, kunenhlansi yehlumela ngokushesha ngemuva kwebrashi yezimbali futhi kubukeka sengathi ihlumela kuso seliphelile ukukhula. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele futhi uthathe amaqabunga phakathi kwama-ovari njengesheke.
Esithombeni ungabona ukuthi izinhlobo ezingaphakathi nendawo zikhula kanjani.
Kukholelwa ukuthi utamatisi ongangeneki unezihlahla ezinde, kanti ezinqumayo zakha izitshalo ezikhula kancane. Lesi sitatimende siliqiniso ngokwengxenye, kepha kukhona okuhlukile.
Kukhona utamatisi wezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezakha izitshalo ezinde, kepha ezizinhlobonhlobo ezinquma utamatisi, ezakha amabhulashi, ngamaqabunga angaphansi kwayi-3. Lezi iningi lama-hybrids lwanamuhla. Kukhona notamatisi othambile ongafinyeleleki onesihlahla esingaphansi, ngokwesibonelo, uhlobo oludumile lwamuva lwe-Volgogradsky 5/95.
Umdwebo wezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesihlahla uboniswa kulo mdwebo.
Uhlobo olujwayelekile lwesihlahla aluhlangene neze ne-branching, ukwakheka kwamabhulashi futhi kunamaqabunga ahlanganisiwe nesiqu esimaphakathi esiqinile esigcina lesi sitshalo siqondile ngisho nenani elikhulu lezithelo futhi singadingi garter. Isibonelo sezinhlobo zikatamatisi ezijwayelekile ezimile, isithombe saso esingezansi, sibonisa ukuthi lesi sihlahla sinjalo kangakanani.
Izinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi achazayo
Iqembu lezinhlobonhlobo ezincamisayo zamatamatisi ziyizinhlobo ezi-4 zezitshalo ezihlukahluka ngezinga lokukhula okulinganiselwe futhi ezinezimpawu zazo:
- Isikhombi. Lawa matamatisi angavame ukudidaniswa ne-indeterminate futhi luhlobo oluphakathi nendawo lwezitshalo ezinamagatsha. Babeka umkhawulo ekukhuleni kwabo ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamabhulashi wezimbali ayi-10-12, kepha babekwa uphawu kuwo wonke amaqabunga ayi-2 eqiniso, kepha kukhona ukudlula okunamaqabunga amathathu. Ngakho-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi izinhlobo ezinqumayo zibeka amaqanda kumaqabunga angama-2-2,5. Ibhulashi lembali yokuqala libekwe emacembe angama-7-8.
- Ukuzimisela Kulawa utamatisi, ukwakhiwa kwamabhulashi kwenzeka ngokuqinile ngaphansi kwamaqabunga ama-3, kuthi ngemuva kokuthi sebekhulile abangama-5-6, ihlumela liphetha ukukhula kwalo ngebhulashi lembali. Ukubekwa kwe-peduncle yokuqala kwenzeka ngemuva kwe-6-7 yaleliqabunga. Izithombe zezinhlobonhlobo zetamatisi ezikhanyayo zibonisa ukuthi akusekho i -exex esihlahleni ngemuva kwe-ovary, futhi ukukhula kuyaqhubeka kusuka kwi-axillary bud eqabunga elingaphansi.
- I-Superdeterminant. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinengqondo. Amabhulashi ezimbali abekwa emaqabungeni ama-1-2, kuthi ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwawo kube yizicucu ezi-4-5, kuqhume ihlumela elikhawulela ukukhula kwesitshalo nge-peduncle.
- Isibonisi esikhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezi-super-dwarf nezinhlobo ezivuthiwe. Bangakha ngokushesha amabhulashi wezimbali ama-2-3 ngokulandelana ngaphandle kwezikhala kusuka emaqabunga. Ukuphunyuka kubeka umkhawulo ukukhula kwawo ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwama-peduncle ama-3-4. Ibhulashi lokuqala livela ngemuva kwalesi 5eshidi bese kuthi ngemuva kweseshidi eli-1 kuqhamuke elinye elilandelayo.
Izinzuzo kanye nezinsalela zezinhlobonhlobo ezichazayo zamatamatisi
Izici ezinhle zifaka okulandelayo:
- ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi, ngoba ibhulashi lembali libekwa ngenani elincane lamaqabunga kunamaqabunga angaphakathi, ukuvuthwa kwesithelo sokuqala kwenzeka ekuqaleni.
- ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kokuqala, ngenxa yokubekwa kwamaqanda ngokusebenzisa inani elincane lamaqabunga kunezinhlobo ezingafakwanga, inani elikhulu libekwa kumitha yesiqu futhi ukusebenza kahle kwesivuno kuphezulu.
- isivuno esinobungane kakhudlwana kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingangeneki, ngoba cishe ngasikhathi sinye abopha amabhulashi ambalwa.
Okubi ngalezi matamatisi imi ngalendlela elandelayo:
- ukukhiqiza okuphansi okuphelele, ngoba ukukhula kukhawulelwa ngamabhulashi, isihlahla singaphothulwa ngokuphelele futhi lesi sitshalo siyeka ukukhula ngobude futhi sakhe ama-ovari amasha.
- idinga ukondliwa okwenziwe ngamaminerali, ngenxa yokwakhiwa okuvamile kwamabhulashi, Umanyolo omningi uyadingeka ukwakha isivuno.
- dinga umsebenzi omncane ekwakhekeni kwesitshalo, ngenxa yomkhawulo wokukhula kwesiqu sezimbali, kufanele ususe ama -onsons amaningi futhi ungasigcwalisi lesi sitshalo amaqanda.
- isandulela sesifo esitshalweni esithwele amaqanda, futhi lesi yisimo esijwayelekile sezinhlobo ezinqumayo, ukumelana nokutheleleka kuyancishiswa, ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kwamakhemikhali okuvikela amakhemikhali kuyadingeka.
Siyethemba ukuthi le ndatshana iveze izici zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezihlahlana, kanye nezinto ezinhle nezingozi zezinhlobo zamatamatisi.
Iphethini yokwakheka kwetamatisi elichazayo
Isikimu sokwakhiwa kwamatamatisi angenayo ngaphakathi
