Izihlahla nezihlahla, ezakha uhlobo oluningi lwama-rhododendrons, ziheha abalimi ngezimbali ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, imibala nobukhulu. Kepha uma umhlali wasehlobo ethanda i-Rhododendron, ukufika phansi nokunakekela endaweni evulekile kuzomenza anikele ngokuphelele kuleli bhizinisi. Ukunakekela okunekhono nokunaka kuphela lapho lesi sitshalo singaphendula ngokukhula nezimbali ezinhle.
Emvelweni, ama-rhododendrons atholakala ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. I-Russia nayo iyodwa. IMpumalanga Ekude, iCaucasus neSiberia yizwe lezilwane eziningana ezivumelaniswa kahle nezimo zasendaweni. Ama-Hardy-hardy awo asebusika asetshenziselwa ukukhula kwe-Rhododendron endaweni evulekile e-Urals nakwezinye izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu.
Isikhathi nendawo yokutshala i-Rhododendron emhlabathini
Ngokwesisekelo izinhlobo ezikhula kahle zasendle ezikhulayo, abafuyi bezitshalo baye bakha izinhlobo eziningi. Izitshalo ezinjalo, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, zihlakazwa ngamhlophe, apinki, onsomi, kwesinye isikhathi ama-corollas amnandi. Ama-varietal rhododendrons ajwayele ukutshala izingadi, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi angabi yiqhwa ngokwanele isithwathwa.
Ukutshala i-Rhododendron emgqeni ophakathi nendawo futhi uyinakekele evulekile, iphumelele, awudingi ukukhetha izitshalo ezisebenzayo kuphela, kodwa nezilukhuni.
Kunezikhathi ezimbili ezinhle zokutshala isihlahla emhlabathini:
- intwasahlobo, kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya maphakathi noMeyi;
- Autumn, kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya ku-Okthoba.
Kukhethwa isikhathi esithile ngokuya ngezimo zezulu zesimo sezulu nesifunda. Eningizimu eseningizimu, ngaphambili inhlabathi iyafudumala emva kobusika, kuthi kamuva kufike ubusika. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho:
- uma utshala isithombo kusenesikhathi, sizokuqhwa kuqhwa;
- uma wephuza ekwindla, isitshalo ngeke sibe nesikhathi sokuqhakambisa futhi ngeke sikwazi ukusinda ebusika.
E-Urals, eSiberia, eNyakatho-Ntshonalanga, izithombo ezingene engadini entwasahlobo futhi zathola ukunakwa okulalelwa kakhulu ehlobo zingcono kakhulu. Eningizimu, izihlahla zitshalwa ehlobo, kodwa kuphela uma kungenazimbali kuzo.
Izitshalo zalolu hlobo zinesistimu yezimpande engaphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kuyabasiza ukuthi bathole ukuthambeka emithambekeni, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyinkimbinkimbi ukunakekelwa kwe-Rhododendron ngemuva kokutshala endaweni evulekile futhi kubhebhethekisa isimo sezinye izinhlobo ezikhula endaweni. Ukubeka umkhawulo ekukhuleni kwezimpande, indawo ebekelwe i-Rhododendron ivikelekile ngokumba ku-slate, impahla yophahla, nezinto eziminyene zokuvimbela amanzi.
Ungayitshala kanjani i-Rhododendron emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngaphansi kwe-Rhododendron, umgodi wembiwa ngokujula okungaba ngu-40 nobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-60. Ngaphansi, uma kunesidingo, embozwe ungqimba we-drainage, bese kuthi isigaxa esivela engxenyeni sithululelwe ngaphezulu:
- Izingxenye ezi-3 z Peat ene-acidic;
- 1 ingxenye yomhlaba ovela ngaphansi kwezilimo ezi-coniffort;
- Izingxenye ezimbili zenhlabathi engadini;
- Ingxenye eyi-1 yageza isihlabathi samalahle.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngaphezu kwesigatshana esine-acidity ephezulu, lesi sitshalo sidinga amaminerali. Bangezelwa njengomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi.
Uma i-shrub ye-Rhododendron ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini yayinde ngaphandle kwamanzi, uhlelo lwezimpande lucwiliswa emanzini amahora amaningi. Kuyakhuthaza isitshalo, futhi ngokushesha sifinyelela endaweni entsha.
Isithombo sibekwa ngaphezulu kwesibaya esenziwe ngumuntu ukuze intamo yomsuka lapho ibuyiswa emuva ingekho ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi. Izimpande azikakamiswanga kahle futhi zisakazeka phezu kwenhlabathi enomswakama. Lapho umgodi ugcwaliswa, inhlabathi iyahlanganiswa bese iniselwa futhi ukuze ingene inhlabathi okungenani ngama-20 cm.
Ngemuva kokutshala, umbuthano wesiqu uvalwe ngokuningile nge-mulch ngokususelwa ku-peat, izinaliti zikaphayini, umoss oqoshiwe, amagxolo kaphayini noma amakhasi we-oki. Ngonyaka wokuqala, awudingi ukuvumela ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, lesi sitshalo sizodinga amandla amaningi abalulekile adingekayo ekugxilweni kwezimpande. Ngakho-ke, wonke ama-buds avelayo anqunywa ngokucophelela, futhi ukunakekelwa kwe-Rhododendron enkundleni evulekile ngemuva kokutshala entwasahlobo kuqala ngokufakwa kokuxhaswa, okuzosindisa umqhele osabuthakathaka emoyeni nakwezinye izici zobungozi.
Ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle ngemuva kokutshala i-Rhododendron
Ukunakekela i-Rhododendron engadini akuhlukile kakhulu ekunakekeleni ezinye izihlahla zokuhlobisa. Isitshalo sidinga:
- umswakama wenhlabathi:
- ejwayelekile, kodwa ecocekile kakhulu, ukuze kungalimali uhlelo lwezimpande, ukususwa kokhula;
- ukukhulula ngomusa okufanayo kombuthano osusondele;
- Umanyolo wenhlabathi;
- asize ngokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwehlumela nokuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukuthi ama-Rhododendrons athole umswakama owanele. Uma isitshalo sisesomeni, asigcini nje ngokuqhakaza kakhulu kulo nyaka, kodwa asilungele isizini ezayo. I-asidi enkulu yenhlabathi yokutshala i-Rhododendron emhlabathini ovulekile ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba noma kwesinye isifunda ngamayunithi angama-4,5-5. Kuyasiza ukwengeza izinaliti ezibolile kusuka kudoti wehlathi noma i-peat engachazwanga emanzini okunisela ngalesi siko sokuhlobisa.
Unganquma isikhathi lapho i-Rhododendron idinga ukuthambisa, unaka amaqabunga. Uma belahlekelwe yithoni nokucwilisa kwabo, unganqikazi! Ukuchelela kakhulu nomqhele wokunisela kuzosibuyisela isitshalo ebuhleni baso bokuqala.
I-Rhododendrons ivundisa kusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwezimbali engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukondla izihlahla ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, futhi umanyolo kumele usetshenziswe enhlabathini omanzi ngemuva kokunisela.
Njengokugqoka okuphezulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izindlela nge-acid reaction, kanye nezinto eziphilayo, kufaka phakathi:
- ubulongwe;
- umquba ngokufakwa kwemfucumfucu yamahlathi ebolile;
- uphondo-ithambo ukudla.
I-Rhododendrons cishe ayidingi ukwakha izihlahla, ukusikwa kokuhlanzeka kwakudala, okuthintwa yisithwathwa noma amahlumela omisiwe kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokunyakaziswa kwamajusi.
Ehlobo, lapho kuneziqhakaza, kubalulekile ukususa ama-inflorescence aqotile ukuze kulondolozwe amandla esihlahleni kuthebhu ye-efihlekile yezimbali ngonyaka olandelayo.
Lapho utshala futhi unakekela i-Rhododendron emhlabathini ovulekile, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi isiko liyi-thermophilic futhi ebusika, ngaphandle kokukhosela, lingahlupheka kakhulu. Ukuvikelwa kwisithwathwa kulungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Kakade ngo-Okthoba enyakatho nangoNovemba endaweni ephakathi, indawo yezimpande ifafazwa nge-peat, bese kuthi, ngaphambi kokucasulayo, umqhele uboshwe futhi umbozwe nge-lapnik ne-burlap. Kuzokwazi ukususa indawo yokukhosela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kungcono ngosuku olunamafu ukugwema ukushiswa yilanga nokuqhekeka kwegxolo.
