ICacti isathatha indawo efanelekile ekuqoqweni kwabatshali bezimbali abaningi futhi ibhekwa njengesinye sezitshalo ezingandile. Ukunquma ekukhetheni kwama-apulents asekuqaleni okukhulayo, siphakamisa kuqala ukubheka ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-cacti nezithombe zazo ezinamagama.
Incazelo emfushane nezinhlobo ze-cacti
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lezi zitshalo ezingajwayelekile yiMelika, yize ngokwemvelo zitholakala ezindaweni eziwugwadule zase-Afrika, e-Asia kanye naseYurophu. Ama-cacti asendle avame ukuba makhulu. Zikhula ezifundeni ezisabekayo zeplanethi, ezisatshalaliswa kabanzi e-Argentina, eMexico naseChile. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-cacti zikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo, kanye nasogwini lweMedithera nolwandle Olwandle.
Izimo zemvelo zokukhula kwabo ziyamangaza, okuyi-cacti abajwayele kakhulu:
- Izinhlobo eziningi zikhula ezindaweni eziwugwadule ezinomswakama ophansi. Yize kunezinhlobo ezikhetha izindawo ezinomswakama, ngakho-ke zihlala kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo.
- Ama-cacti ahambisana nezinguquko ezingazelelwe zokushisa, okuthi ngezikhathi ezithile ogwadule zifike ku-50 ° C.
- Imvamisa, izitshalo zihlala emvelweni ongagudluki nenhlabathi enesihlabathi, okunokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-humus, kepha ngamaminerali amaningi.
I-Cacti inesakhiwo esingajwayelekile - isiqu esinamanzi nesikhumba esiminyene. Lesi sici sisiza isitshalo ukujwayela nokuswela umswakama. Ukuvikela ukulahleka kwayo, i-cacti inezindawo ezithile zokuvikela:
- ameva esikhundleni samaqabunga;
- izinwele ezihlobisa isitshalo elangeni elihangulayo;
- inhlanganisela ye-wax ivikela ukuhwamuka komswakama;
- ukhula oluluhlaza, emaceleni okuphuma kuwo amazolo okusa asuka ezimpandeni;
- izimpande ezinde zivikelwe ekomeni ngaphandle.
Ukunxenxa ukuntuleka kwamaqabunga, ama-cacti aqine ngeziqu ezinamanzi. Iningi lazo liyindilinga, ngakho-ke zidonsa ukukhanya cishe okulingana namaqabunga. Amanye ama-cacti anezimbambo ezifaka umfutho omncane kusuka elangeni.
Isitshalo esinamanzi esigcwele amanzi siyisisulu esihle kakhulu sezilwane zasogwadule. Ukuvikela ngokumelene nabo, i-cactus ejwayelekile inameva. Kwezinye izinhlobo, ayisembozo semvelo esivela elangeni.
Ngokubukeka, i-cacti ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu alandelayo:
- Izihlahla
- -ngathi isihlahla;
- utshani;
- i-lianoid.
Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze izinhlobo ezejwayelekile kakhulu ze-cacti phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali esithombeni esinamagama.
Ugwadule neHlathi Cacti
Ngokuya endaweni yokukhula, amaqembu ama-2 amakhulu e-cacti ahlukaniswa: ugwadule nehlathi (indawo eshisayo).
Emvelweni, i-cacti yasogwadule ikhula esifundeni sultry noma izindawo ezingasogwadule zaseMelika nase-Afrika. Zibonakaliswa ngezinga eliphakeme lokuzivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo, zinamahlumela amakhulu nemikhondo emide, enamandla.
I-Desert cacti ingahlukaniswa izinhlobo ezintathu:
- ama-echinopsis - abe neziqu eziyindilinga eziyindilinga lapho ameva asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo;
- i-prickly pear - ibonakala ngeziqu ezicwebezelayo, ezibukeka ngathi zifana nama-pancake;
- ama-astrophytums - anezimbobo ezivulekile ezinemisebe eminyene.
Ekhaya, esikhathini sika-Okthoba - Mashi, kungcono ukungamanzisi i-cacti yasogwazini nhlobo. Zidinga ukukhishwa njalo elangeni, uma kungenjalo ngeke ziqhakaze. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo zibekwa kahle emafasiteleni aseningizimu.
Ngezansi kunezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ze-cacti esithombeni namagama abo ngesiRashiya.
Iningi le-cacti libahlali bendawo ezomile kakhulu zogwadule nasemahlane. Kepha kunezinhlobo ezikhula ezifundeni ezishisayo ezinomswakama. Indawo yemvelo ye-cacti yamahlathi iyizindawo ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika, e-Afrika nase-Australia.
Ibekwe ezihlahleni, ihlinzekwa ukubola komoya. Futhi emadwaleni anamathele ezimpandeni zamatshe futhi aneliswa yingxenyana encane ye-humus. Cishe wonke ama-cacti asezindaweni ezishisayo abonakala ngokuma okuningana kanye neziqu ezinde ezinamaqabunga, ezinamaqabunga. Esikhundleni semijikelezo ejwayelekile, inezinwele ezacile.
Ekhaya ebusika obubandayo, kunisela okulinganiselwe kunconywa i-cacti yehlathi. Futhi ehlobo elishisayo badinga umthunzi ophoqelelwe. Kuhle ukubabeka emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma enyakatho.
Izimbali eziqhakazayo
Cishe isigamu sayo yonke inhlobo yezinhlobo ze-cacti eziqhakazayo ingalindeleke ukuba iqhume lapho ifinyelela iminyaka engama-3-4. Esikhathini esizayo, bayakwazi ukujabulisa abanye ngonyaka ngezimbali zabo. Ama-cacti amaningi aqhakaza entwasahlobo. Kodwa ungathola ngempumelelo izinhlobo eziningana zezimbali zazo ezihlobisa ingaphakathi unyaka.
Izimbali ezingajwayelekile eziqhakaza kwezinye izinhlobo ze-cacti zivezwa esithombeni ngamagama.
Ukuze i-cactus iqhume ngokushesha, idinga ukudala izimo zemvelo kakhulu. Imvamisa, izimbali zivele kuphela ekukhuleni okusha. Futhi ngokubonakala kwayo, i-cactus idinga ukunakekelwa okufanele ehlobo nokuthula ebusika.
- Udinga ukunakekela izitshalo ngokucophelela, ngoba ngisho nesigaxa esisodwa esilimele singanciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuqhakaza.
- Esikhathini sekwindla, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuncishiswe inani lokunisela, futhi kusondele ebusika ukubayekisa ngokuphelele. Ungaqala ukuchelela ngoMashi kuphela, uqale ufafaze i-cacti ngamanzi.
- Ebusika, kufanelekile ukugcina izitshalo egumbini elipholile elinezibane ezikhanyayo.
- Lapho ama-buds ezalwa, i-cacti ayikwazi ukuthuthwa futhi ivundiswe, ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona ithuba lokuhlala ngaphandle kokuqhakaza.
Ukukhula i-cactus ebhodweni eligxilile kusheshisa ukuqhakaza kwayo. Kulokhu, kungakuhle ukuthi ungayiguquli elangeni ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, uma kungenjalo izolahlekelwa ithuba lokuqhakaza.
Izinhlobo ze-cacti eziqhakaza ngezithombe namagama
UCactus Mammillaria inesimo esiyindilinga yesiqu, siluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza, kuze kube ngaphezulu kwama-25 cm. Isici saso sici yimicu emhlophe emincane ehlanganisa imijikelezo emide.
Izimbali ezipinki noma ze-lilac zibekwe ngaphezulu kwe-cactus. Izimbali zayo zivame ukufana nomqhele wezimbali.
Cactus Opuntia inamahlumela acaba embozwe ngameva abukhali. Ngakho-ke, lapho unakekela isitshalo, ukunakekelwa okukhulu kufanele kuthathwe. Imithambo yayo iyaqhekeka kalula futhi ibambeke esikhunjeni somuntu. Ehlobo, i-Opuntia iqhakaza ngezimbali ezinkulu ze-orange. Izithelo zingaboshwa, okuvela kuzo izitsha ezahlukahlukene ezilungiselelwe eMelika. I-Opuntia ikhula ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu: emahlathini ashisayo anenhlabathi enkulu, ogwadule nasogwadule, amaswidi, emaphethelweni olwandle.
Cactus peyote kusuka kuhlobo lweLofofora oluncane, oluhlaza grey, ngaphandle kwameva. Emvelweni, kukhula eMexico nakwamanye amazwe ase-US. Indawo oyithandayo ingubucwebe obuhle. Ingaphezulu le-cactus lifana nezinsimbi eziphothiwe, futhi ingxenye engezansi yesiqu ingaphansi komhlaba. Izimbali ziyavela phezulu, zimhlophe noma zipinki. Izithelo zingamajikijolo abomvu akhuphuka ehlobo.
Ukutshala kukaPeyote eRussia bekungavunyelwe ngumthetho kusukela ngo-2004 ngenxa ye-hallucinogenic ntho mescaline, equkethe uginindela weziqu zezitshalo.
Cactus Cereus - Kuziqhenya kwabalimi abaningi. Isiqu sekholomu enezimbambo eziwugqinsi ezivulekile kwesinye isikhathi sinokuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-1. Ezimbabweni kukhona izikhala ezinde futhi ezibukhali. Ehlobo, uCereus uqala ukuqhakaza. Ezinye izinhlobo zayo zinezimbali ezingafika ku-15 cm ubude. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ukuqhakaza ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeCereus akufani. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza emini, kanti ezinye ebusuku.
Cactus echinopsis elihunyushwe lisuselwa esiGrekini lisho ukuthi-ngathi. Lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa isiqu esiyindilinga eluhlaza enezimbambo ezinamandla nemikhondo emifushane. Esikhathini esizayo, isiqu singaba sesicylindrical. Izimbali ezinkulu ezimise okomhloshana zingaba nobude obungafika ku-20 cm, zifike zibe mhlophe, zibomvu noma zipinki. Baqala ukuqhakaza kusihlwa, futhi phakathi kwamabili iphunga labo elimnandi liba namandla kakhulu. Izimbali ziqala entwasahlobo bese ziphela ekwindla. Izimbali zihlala esiqwini izinsuku ezingama-2-3.
ICactus Gymnocalicium elihunyushwe lisuselwa esiGrekini njengendebe engenalutho. I-cactus eyindilinga, ebonakala ngezimbali ezi-apical ezinethhubhu ende ngaphandle kwezinwele nameva. 
Eziqwini zawo akukho chlorophyll, ngakho-ke aphuzi, abomvu, apinki. Phezu kobambo kukhona izigaxa eziguqukayo. I-cactus iqala ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kweminyaka, ineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukusho nge-Euphorbia emnandi evela emndenini we-Euphorbia, obizwa nangokuthi yi-Euphorbia cactus. Lesi isihlahla esinamaqabunga amancane ne-inflorescence yasekuqaleni ekhanyayo. Uma usinakekela kahle isitshalo, cishe ama-25-30 inflorescence angaqhakaza kuso ngasikhathi sinye. Emvelweni, i-Euphorbia ijwayelekile kuwo wonke amazwekazi. E-Russia, ingabonakala ngasogwini lwemifula, eduze kwemigwaqo nasemasimini.
I-Euphorbia iqukethe ujusi wama-Milky onoshevu. Kungavusa ukushiswa kwesikhumba nolwelwesi lwama-mucous, kanye nokwephulwa komgudu wokugaya ukudla lapho ungena esiswini.
I-Euphorbia iyazithoba ezimweni zokuboshwa, ngaso sonke isikhathi ibukeka njengento yokuhlobisa. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo kufanele sibekwe egumbini elipholile hhayi elithelwa ukunqanda ukubola kwezimpande.
