Umhlabathi ompofu esizeni akusona isigwebo sokugcina. Susa la maphutha ngosizo lwemibhede ephakeme. Umgomo wemibhede ephakeme akuyona ukuthi ulwe nenhlabathi emibi kuyo yonke indawo, kepha ukudala indawo ehlukile - umbhede ongaphezulu komhlaba, ozokuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukuthungwa nokwakheka kwenhlabathi. Kule ncwadi, funda ngokuthi ayini imibhede ephakeme nokuthi ungazenza kanjani.
Indlela yokwenza imibhede ephezulu yisisombululo sanoma yimuphi umhlabathi.
Uyini umbhede ophakeme?
Umbhede ophakeme umbhede owakhiwe ngaphezu komhlabathi. Ukuklanywa kwemibhede ephakeme kungaba yinkimbinkimbi, kusetshenziswa uthango noma ngamatshe ezicijile, noma kube lula lapho umbhede unyuka ngokoqobo amasentimitha ayishumi ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlaba. Embhedeni ophakeme ungatshala noma yini: kusuka kumakhambi nemifino, kuya kuma-perennials ngisho nezihlahlana.
Izinzuzo zemibhede ephezulu
Njengoba ususakhe imibhede ephezulu esizeni, uzokhohlwa ngenkinga yomhlabathi ompofu futhi uthole ezinye izinzuzo:
- entwasahlobo, imibhede ephezulu ifudumala ngokushesha, ungasebenza nenhlabathi bese utshala izitshalo ngaphambili;
- imibhede ephakeme yomile kangcono;
- inhlabathi esembhedeni ophakeme ayihlanganisi, ngoba ayingene kuyo;
- inhlabathi embhedeni ophakeme kulula ukuyijwayela izitshalo ezithile;
- umbhede ophakeme kulula ukuwunakekela.
Ungawenza kanjani umbhede ophakeme?
Uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lwemibhede emide lubhede olubiyelwe, ngoba luhle kakhulu kunoma yiziphi izitshalo zemifino, izitshalo ze-berry, amakhambi nezimbali zombhede.
Ukukhetha kwezinto zokwakha ujantshi wensimbi ephezulu kuhlukahlukene kakhulu. Abalimi abaningi bakha imibhede emide yokhuni, akumangazi: kulula ukusebenza nayo, futhi ngasikhathi sinye. Amabhulokhi ukhonkolo, itshe noma isitini nawo alungele imibhede ephezulu, kodwa ukwakha uthango kubo kunzima kakhulu.
Abanye abalimi benza izinto ngokulula: amabele enziwe ngotshani noma otshani ngosayizi abalungele umbhede, bese ethela inhlabathi ngaphezulu, umquba bese utshala izitshalo. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ihlala isikhashana - umhlanga ubola ngokushesha, futhi ngenxa yalokho imibhede enjalo ayanele isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Uma isidingo sokushintsha okuqukethwe engadini kanye ngonyaka kungakukwesabisi, noma uma usafuna ukwakheka okungapheli, khona-ke mhlawumbe kufanelekile ukuqala ngenketho engenhla.
Futhi sizoqhubeka. Uma ucabanga ukuthi imibhede emide kakhulu yakhiwe ngamapulangwe enziwe ngokhuni, okulandelayo kuyimiyalo yokwakha imibhede emide kubo.
Ukuphakama kwemibhede kunqunywa, ngokuya ngesakhiwo somhlabathi nezitshalo ezihlela ukukhula kuzo.
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokwakha umbhede ophakeme wezinkuni
1. Khetha indawo yombhede wakho ophakeme. Uma wazi ngokweqiniso ukuthi uzokhulisa imifino, izitshalo noma izimbali ezinhle kakhulu, khetha indawo lapho kuzoba khona ilanga okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili ngosuku. Ingaphezulu lokwakhiwa kombhede ophakeme kufanele libe isicaba futhi yebo, futhi endaweni yokwakhiwa kombhede ophakeme kufanele kube lula ukufinyelela kwamanzi okunisela kanye nendawo eyanele yokusebenza nezitshalo.
2. Thola ubukhulu nobukhulu bemibhede ephakeme. Qiniseka ukuthi izitshalo zizotholakala kalula kuwe, futhi ngasikhathi sinye akudingeki ungene embhedeni.
Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili zemibhede ephezulu ukuthi inhlabathi ekuyo ayihlanganisi, njengasensimini ejwayelekile, ngenxa yokufinyelela okucatshangwe kahle kuyo.
Ububanzi obujwayelekile bombhede ophakeme cishe amamitha ayi-20 amasentimitha, ngoba kulokhu ungangena phakathi kombhede nhlangothi zombili. Uma uhlinzeka umbhede odongeni noma uthango, ububanzi bawo akufanele bube ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-90. Uma ukhethe ububanzi obulungele umbhede ophakeme, khona-ke ubude bawo abunandaba.
3. Amasentimitha ayi-15 ukujula kwenhlabathi evamile ukuze izilimo eziningi zikhule. Ukuphakama okuhle kwemibhede kusuka kumasentimitha angama-25 kuye kwangama-30. Uma inhlabathi ilungile, hhayi ubumba kakhulu noma idwala, ungamane uyithukulule futhi wakhe umbhede ukusuka kwamasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20 ukuphakama. Uma inhlabathi ingekho kahle noma uzokhulisa izitshalo ezinjengokherothi namabhungane adinga inhlabathi ejulile, khona-ke umbhede kufanele okungenani ube ngamasentimitha angama-25.
4. Lungisa indawo. Lapho usuthathe isinqumo ngobukhulu nangokwakhe kombhede wakho, ungaqala ukusebenza ukulungisa indawo. Inani lomsebenzi linqunywa ukuphakama kwemibhede nezitshalo ezihlelelwe ukuhlelelwa lapho. Kwimifino namakhambi amaningi, umbhede ongamasentimitha angu-15 ukuphakama kufanelekile. Ungonga isikhathi sakho ngokubeka iphephandaba, indwangu enezimbali noma amakhadibhodi ku-turf, ugcwalise umbhede ngenhlabathi evela phezulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuze izimpande zezitshalo zibe nendawo eyanele yokukhula, kungcono ukususa i-turf ekhona bese ukhulula inhlabathi ngefosholo noma ingadi yefolishi engaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-30.
5. Yenza uzimele wombhede ophakeme. Lapho udala uhlaka, sebenzisa amapulangwe amelana nokubola, njengemisedari, i-larch, noma izinto zanamuhla eziyinhlanganisela. Ukwakha umbhede amasentimitha ayi-15 ukuphakama, usike ngosayizi oludingekayo inani lamabhodi aludingekayo, bese uwaqinisa ngokubambisana ukwenza ifreyimu elula. Amabhodi angaqiniswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Ungakwazi pre-ukumba izimbobo futhi uqinise amabhodi ahlanganiswe ngokuhlangana, ngokusonga ngezikulufo zama-galvanized (izikulufu zokuzenzisa). Ungasebenzisa futhi imigoqo emincane yezinkuni emakhoneni, unamathisele ibhodi ngalinye kubo.
6. Hlela ifreyimu esezingeni elikhethwe umbhede. Kusetshenziswa izinga, qiniseka ukuvumelanisa uhlaka kuzo zonke izinkomba ezihlobene nendawo. Lokhu kubalulekile: uma ngabe isakhiwo singekho, amanzi azothela kolunye uhlangothi lombhede aqongeleleke ngakolunye. Uma zombili izinhlangothi zohlaka ziphakeme kakhulu, mane ususe enye inhlabathi ngaphansi kwalolo hlaka.
7. Gcwalisa umbhede ngenhlabathi. Iphuzu lonke lemibhede ephezulu ukuthi ngosizo lwayo ungakha inhlabathi ekahle yezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, gcwalisa ingadi ngensimbi esezingeni eliphakeme, umquba nomquba. Ngemuva kokugcwalisa imibhede nokulinganisa inhlabathi kuyo, ungaqala ukutshala noma ukuhlwanyela imbewu.
Phansi kwemibhede ungabeka noma iyiphi into engalukwanga noma amakhadibhodi, bese uthele inhlabathi ngaphezulu.
Ukunakekelwa Kombhede Ophezulu
Imibhede ephakeme kulula ukuyinakekela. Njalo entwasahlobo noma ekwindla kudingeka ukuthi zenziwe kabusha ngomquba kanye nomquba. Uma umbhede uhloselwe ukutshala izitshalo kuphela ingxenye yonyaka, umquba noma umquba ungabekwa kuphela kumasentimitha ambalwa aphezulu omhlaba. Njengoba kwenzeka kunoma yimuphi omunye umbhede, ukufaka ingaphezulu lomhlabathi embhedeni ophakeme kuzosiza ukugcina umswakama futhi kuvikele nokhula. Ukugcinwa komswakama kubaluleke kakhulu emibhedeni emide ngoba yomile ngokushesha kunemibhede ejwayelekile.
UColin Vanderlinden, "Ungenza kanjani imibhede emide?"
