IBergenia, njengoba lesi sitshalo ibizwa ngokuthiwa ngokwezigaba ezisemthethweni, ihlala ngokwemvelo ezintabeni zaseKazakhstan naseMongolia, e-Altai nase China. Kodwa-ke, abalimi baziwa kangcono njengempepho, isithombe sezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo zazo ezihlala zishaya izithunzi ezintekenteke kakhulu zepinki, emhlophe, yezimbali ze-lilac kanye nobukhazikhazi bamaqabunga aqoqelwe kuma-rosette aluhlaza ashubile.
Lesi sitshalo esimangazayo nesingenakungabaza, esaqala ukwenziwa emasikweni ngekhulu le-XVIII, asisaphangwa kakhulu ngabazalisi. Ingxenye yezinhlobo ezikhona yasungulwa ngesisekelo sezinhlobo zasendle ezikhulayo zezinhlobo ezifundwe kakhulu - inhlaka. Futhi inqwaba yezitshalo ezitshaliwe zingama-nzalo anezimbali ezinemibala eyahlukahlukene emikhulu kuneyendalo, kanye nezinhlobo ezinamaqabunga ahlukahlukene kanye nopende.
Sekukonke, ama-botanists athole futhi ahlola izinhlobo eziyi-10 zempepho noma i-bergenia, kuyilapho izinhlobo eziningi kungenzeka zingabonakali engadini. Lezi yizinhlobo zezifo ezitholakala ezindaweni ezincane kakhulu, nezitshalo ezingandile ezifakiwe ezincwadini ezibomvu zesifunda nezikazwelonke.
I-Frankincense (B. crassifolia)
I-badan leaved badan yathola udumo olubanzi ngenxa yezokwelapha zezimpande namaqabunga, ezilungiselela umhluzi we-tart onephunga elimnandi. Ngokwesiko phakathi kwabantu base-Altai naseMongolia, lesi siphuzo siphuze ngokuphelele, sikugweme ukutheleleka nokulimala. Ngenxa yakhe, impepho yathola igama elithi "itiye laseMongolia" futhi ifakiwe ohlwini lwezitshalo zokwelapha.
Impepho yasendle, esithombeni, ingabonakala emazingeni aphansi e-Altai nasezintabeni zase Sayan, enyakatho neMongolia naseTransbaikalia. Amanani alesi sitshalo avuselela ubude bendawo eyayinamadwala eKazakhstan nase China.
I-Badan iyisidakamizwa esiqandayo se-herbaceous. Uhlelo olungaphansi komhlaba lwalesi sitshalo luqukethe ama-rhizomes aminyene asendaweni ephakeme yomhlabathi, anika amahlumela amafushane, anamaqabunga anamagqabha amancane kanye nama-peduncle ane-panicrate inflorescence eminyene.
Njengoba kungabonakala esithombeni sezimbali zempepho, izinsimbi ezifana ne-corollas zifana nopende kuzo zonke izithunzi zombala omhlophe, opinki, onsomi.
Amaqabunga amaqabunga avela emaqabunga amakhulu e-obovate awafi ngisho nasebusika, ngakho-ke imifino ivela ngokoqobo ngaphansi kweqhwa, ngemisebe yokuqala yelanga entwasahlobo. Amapuleti amaqabunga abushelelezi ngesikhathi sokukhula abe nombala oluhlaza ogqamile, futhi eduze nasekwindla aphenduka abomvu onsomi.
Impepho enenhliziyo emnandi (B. cordifolia)
Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-18, kukhule i-frangipani enomumo wenhliziyo emasikweni. Phambilini, le nhlobo ibithathwa njengeyizimele, kepha manje ama-botanists ayibona njengesiqholo esakhiwe kahle sokwelapha.
Izitshalo ezinamaqabunga aminyene, anamaqabunga enhliziyo nezimbali ze-lilac-pink ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwembewu zifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-40 ukuphakama.
Lolu hlobo lempepho lunezinhlobonhlobo, njengasesithombeni, ngezimbali ezikhanyayo ngokuphelele noma ezimhlophe ngokuphelele zinobubanzi be-1 kuya ku-1.5 cm.
Badmire Schmidt (B. x schmidtii, noma B. stracheyi var. Schmidtii)
Impepho e-hybrid evela ekuvinjelweni kwezitshalo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, yaqala ukutholakala ngekhulu le-XIX. Isibonelo sesiko elinjalo ibhusha likaSchmidt, elimunce izici zegqabunga elinamaqabunga amnyama nopholile.
Lesi sitshalo kulula ukusihlukanisa kwezinye izinhlobo ngamaqabunga acwebezelayo anamaphethelo weSerared. Amapuleti amaqabunga aminyene agcinwa ngaphansi kweqhwa. Entwasahlobo, lapho kuvela amahlumela ezimbali ngaphezulu kwabo, ukukhula kwamahlamvu kuyama, futhi kuqale kabusha ngokuncipha kwama-inflorescences kanye nokwakheka kwezimpawu zembewu.
Izimbali ezimhlophe, ezimpunga noma ezipinki ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-5 mm zivulwa ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi noma Agasti. Ekwindla, imbewu iyavuthwa, engahlwanyelwa ngokushesha ukuthola izithombo zasentwasahlobo.
UCilanthus (B. ciliata)
Uhlobo lwesikebhe oluvimbela isithwathwa luhlala endaweni yaseHimalaya naseTibet, lapho khona izitshalo zithanda ukuhlala ezigodini ezinamapulangwe nasemajukujeni amatshe. Ngokusho kwencazelo, inhlaka yempepho ithanda amakhona anombala nokusondela kwamanzi.
Kwabanye abafowethu, ngaphandle kwempepho yomhlanga, lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwe-cilia noma inqwaba ngesisekelo samapuleti amaqabunga. Izimbali zalolu hlobo lwe-Bergenia zilula zipinki noma zimhlophe, zinezindebe ezikhanyayo ezicishe zibe nsomi.
Izincazelo nezithombe zezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlaka ezishisiwe
Ukudala, njengasesithombeni, izinhlobo nezinhlobo zempepho, abafuyi bezitshalo banikeza izakhamuzi zasehlobo ithuba:
- ukujabulisa ukuvela kwezimbali okude;
- Thokozela izimbali ezinkulu
- Ungesabi ukuthi ukutshala kuzohlupheka isithwathwa;
- penda imibhede yezimbali kuyo yonke imithunzi epinki nebubende, imhlophe nebomvu.
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-bergenia ziwumphumela womsebenzi wabathandi baseJalimane. Ngokungafani nezinsimbi ezikhula endle, impepho engadini yase-Abendgloken inezimbali ezinamaphini aphindwe kathathu wethoni epinki egcwele. Ama-inflorescence angajwayelekile avulwa kuma-peduncle ansomi aze afike ku-40 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga endle yase-Abendglocken ahlotshiswe ngomdwebo obomvu omncane ehlobo, futhi acishe aphenduke ngokuphelele onsomi ekwindla.
Impepho eyi-Hybrid evela ochungechungeni lwe-Dragonfly igqamile ngokuqhakaza kwayo okuphuphayo. Izimbali zezingilazi ze-Angel Kiss ezikhonjiswe esithombeni zikhuphule amaqabunga aminyene obukhulu kanye ne-inflemose inflorescence kusuka kokumhlophe ngokufafaza okupinki kwezimbali zentsimbi.
I-Abendglyut Badan inezimbali ezimbala ngokunsomi ezingaba ezilula noma eziphindwe kabili. Amaqabunga e-Abendglut cultivar aluhlaza ngenkathi efudumele, kanti ekwindla aphenduka amathoni abomvu. Lesi sitshalo sinecompact futhi ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-30 kuhle ukutshala emingceleni nasezintabeni ezintabeni.
Yize izimbali ezingama-pink Dragonfly ezingama-rose azinkulu kunobubanzi obuyi-1.5 cm, zibukeka ngendlela ekhangayo ngenxa yesimo sazo sombala ophindwe kabili futhi nombala onsomi opinki.
Ukuphakama kwesiqalo sembali yezimbali Impepho iBressingham White kungamasentimitha angama-30. Izithombo zokuqala ezimhlophe ezivulekile ekuqaleni lapho isiqu sezimbali sisezingeni lokuluhlaza okukhanyayo ngomngcele obomvu wamahlamvu.
Ngokwencazelo yeMorgenrote, le nhlobonhlobo inezimbali ezigqamile ezipinki ezinomgogodla obomvu. Isimo esiyingqayizivele sesitshalo ukuthi ama-inflemcence ehlanga awakwazi ukuvela nje entwasahlobo, kodwa futhi asondele ekwindla.
Izinhlobo ezinde nezinhlobo zempepho, njengasesithombeni ezinama-inflorescence aluhlaza, azisetshenziswa ngempumelelo hhayi nje ekuhlobiseni ingadi, kodwa futhi nokusika. Isibonelo sesitshalo esinjalo yizinhlobo zeGlockenturm, izikejana zazo ekuhlakazweni okugcwele zifinyelela ku-50 cm.
Enye inhlobonhlobo yempepho engadini yama-bouquets entwasahlobo yi-Silberlicht bergenia efinyelela ku-40 cm ukuphakama ngezimbali ezintekenteke ezimhlophe-ezibomvana kuma-inflorescence e-racemose.
Igama lezinhlobonhlobo ze-bergenia noma isikebhe uScheekoenigin kusuka eJalimane lihunyushwa ngokuthi "The Queen Queen". Isitshalo esifinyelela ku-50 cm ubude sifanelana negama laso kanye nezintelezi ezinezimbali ezimhlophe, kancane kancane siguqukela pinki ukuqedela ukuqothulwa. Ama-peduncles anamandla aluhlaza-okwesabekayo abekezelela ukusikwa kahle, futhi ama-inflorescence awalahlekelwa ukuhlobisa kwawo.
