Enye yezilimo ezivame kakhulu ezingadini eziningi ezizimele yi-currant. Kungaba bomvu, kube mhlophe, kuphuzi, kupinki, kumnyama, kube nsomi, kube luhlaza. Kodwa-ke, ngokweqiniso, ngokwezici ze-morphological, ihlukaniswe yaba yizinhlobo ezimbili kuphela - zibomvu nezimnyama, kanti ezinye "imibala" ye-currant ziyizinhlobonhlobo zazo ezihlukile: zipinki, ziphuzi kanye nezimhlophe zibhekisele kubomvu obomvu, onsomi kanye nohlaza okomnyama.
Zombili lezi zinhlobo zama-currants zingezomndeni wakwaKryzhovnikov, kepha ziyehlukahluka ekukhuleni, okunquma umehluko othile ekunakekelweni kwazo. Yile mehluko engiphakamisa ukuthi uyicabangele kule ndatshana.
Amajikijolo angama-currantIzici zohlelo lwe-currant izimpande
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi zombili ama-currants abomvu namnyama anohlelo lwe-fibrous izimpande, owokuqala unesimpande esinamandla ngokwengeziwe. Ubuningi bezimpande ezingaphansi i-currant ebomvu (70 - 90%) sisekujuleni okungama-25 kuye kwangama-45 cm, futhi yizimpande zodwa ezifinyelela ekujuleni kwemitha. Kepha ngokuhleleka okumi mpo, iningi lohlelo lwempande lwe-currant ebomvu lusendaweni eyi-30 kuya ku-100 cm ezungeze isihlahla, kuya ngeminyaka yesitshalo. Lokhu kuholela ekumelaneni okuphezulu kwezinhlobo kuya kwesomiso, izidingo ezandayo zebanga phakathi kwezihlahla ngesikhathi sokutshala (kusuka ku-1.25 kuya ku-1.5 m phakathi kwezitshalo), isidingo sokuvulwa okuvame kakhulu kwemigqa yama-currants (izilimo ezinesistimu yezimpande engashoni njengezimpande ukufinyelela okuhle komoya-mpilo) nokugqoka okuphezulu kokuzungeza kwendawo yezimpande ezungeze isihlahla.
Isihlahla esibomvu se-currantI-currant emnyama luhlukahluka ngamapharamitha amancane wokusatshalaliswa kohlelo lwezimpande ngokujula nangobubanzi. Imvamisa zisuka ku-10 kuye ku-35 cm endaweni eyiqonde mpo (isisindo esiyimpande esisebenzayo) futhi hhayi ebanzi kune-radius yesihlahla uqobo endaweni evundlile. Kungaleso sizathu ama-blackcurrant enikezwa ngqo ngaphansi kwesisekelo sesitshalo, agcinwe ngokunisela kaningi futhi atshalwe kude kude - ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-1.25 m phakathi kwezitshalo.
Izihlahla zokuthena
Ama-currant abomvu namnyama futhi athembela ezimweni zezitshalo zezitshalo, okuyizo eziyisikhathi sokuhluma kwamahlamvu kanye nendawo lapho kuhlakazwa khona izithelo.
Uma i-blackcurrant nezinhlobonhlobo zayo zithela izithelo ezinhle kakhulu ekukhuleni konyaka odluleke zibomvu kumagatsha weminyaka emibili, emithathuNgasikhathi sinye, izindlela zakhe zezithelo zisetshenziswa njalo futhi zigxile emikhawulweni yokukhula amahlumela namahlumela. Lokhu kuchaza umkhiqizo omude wamagatsha we-currant ebomvu, cishe iminyaka emi-5 - 8, kanye nesidingo esingajwayelekile sokuthenwa kokuguga kwehlathi.
Isikhathi esikhiqizayo samagatsha athela izithelo e-blackcurrant yiminyaka emi-2 kuya kwengama-3 kuphela. Kwakhiwa isivuno sezithelo ezungeza uzungu lwalo lonke ihlumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ikhula lidala, kulapho kuziwa khona amalungiselelo emabhulashi aya engonweni futhi emva kweminyaka emi-4 kuye kweli-5 ukuqothuka kuyeka ngokuphelele. Lokhu kudinga ukuvunwa okufika ngesikhathi okucocekile kwe-blackcurrant bush ngokwakhiwa okucatshangwayo kwamagatsha weminyaka ehlukene ukuze kwenziwe izithelo ngonyaka.
Isihlahla esimnyama. © izinkinobhoNgaphezu kwalokho, i-blackcurrant inempahla yokuvumela inani elikhulu lama-zero amahlumela anamandla, okuyisizathu sokuqina okuqinile nokuguga okusheshayo kwesitshalo, kubalulekile ukuwasusa ngesikhathi, kusale ingxenye yamagatsha kuphela eyayizongena esikhundleni salawo amadala, ahlanganisiwe.
Ngokuvamile, igatsha elinika amandla linikeza esithelweni sokuqala ama-27% we-100% yezitshalo zizonke, okwesibili - 50% kanti eminyakeni elandelayo zingama-13% kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa izihlahla zokuthena izihlahla, akufanele wesabe ukwakha isihlahla ngokuya ngemithetho futhi ukhiphe ngokungahambi kahle okungeke kuthele izithelo ezanele.
Lesi yisisekelo sesidingo sama-curun pruning, kepha uyisebenzisa kanjani imithetho yokudala isihlahla? Lapha isitshalo ngokwaso siyinkomba enhle.
Lapho ithenwa ama-currants abomvu udinga ukubheka ukukhula konyaka owedlule, uma kukhulu ngokwanele, kuze kufike ku-30 - 40 cm, - igatsha kufanele lishiywe, ngoba linamandla okwenza isivuno esigcwele. Uma kungasho lutho, susa kuphela u-10 - 15 cm.
I-Blackcurrant sika wonke amagatsha amadala kuneminyaka emi-3, kanye namahlumela amaningi we-zero, akha isihlahla esingamagatsha ayi-9 kuye kwayi-12. Okusele kufanele kube izingxenye ezilinganayo zamahlumela zonyaka, amahlumela we-biennial kanye ne-substitution amahlumela (zero). Lokhu kuzovumela isihlahla esimnyama ukuba sikhiqize izithelo ezigcwele zonyaka.
Isihlahla esibomvu se-currant. © izitheloFuthi-ke, i-currant, ebomvu neyomnyama, kufanele isuse amagatsha awonakele, amagatsha atholwe ngqo ngaphezu komhlaba, namahlumela avela maphakathi nesihlahla ayofika emngceleni.
Isikhathi sokukhula kwama-currants endaweni eyodwa
Kunokwehluka esikweni nakwisikhathi sokuphila kwezitshalo. Uma i-currant ebomvu enobuchwepheshe obuhle bezolimo ikwazi ukukhula futhi ithele izithelo endaweni eyodwa cishe iminyaka engama-25-30, khona-ke i-currant emnyama kuphela eyi-6-8, kwesinye isikhathi iminyaka eyi-10. Kodwa-ke, izinkomba zokuphila isikhathi eside zohlobo olunye nolunye lwe-currant ziqonde umuntu ngamunye esihlahleni ngasinye, futhi zincike kakhulu kukhwalithi yamasu ezolimo kunokubanamandla emvelo esiko.
