I-quince yaseJapan: izici zokutshala nokunakekela, izithombe zezitshalo

Cishe wonke umnikazi wesakhiwo sengadi ufuna ingadi yakhe ingabi yinhle kuphela, kodwa futhi ibe yengajwayelekile. Yingakho nje balimi abasanda kuqala ukuqala ukutshala ezigcawini zabo hhayi nje kuphela izihlahla zama-apula nezeparele nje kuphela, kodwa nezitshalo ezingafani nezinye. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isihlahla esihle ngokumangalisayo esibizwa ngeQuince Japanese noma iHenomeles.

Lesi sihlahla esingajwayelekile, siqala ngobuhle baso nephunga elimangalisayo, ngeke sishiye noma ngubani ongenandaba ngesikhathi sezimbali. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iJapan Quince iyisitshalo esingajwayelekile, isinda kahle futhi ikhula ezifundeni eziningi zezwe lethu. Ngisho abalimi abangenalwazi bazobhekana ngqo nokutshala nokutshala iGenomeles.

I-quince yaseJapan: isithombe, incazelo, imininingwane

I-Henomeles ingeyamasiko wokuhlobisa nezithelo-ne-berry, isitshalo se-thermophilic futhi ikhula kahle ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile. Isihlahla seQuince singakhula sibe ngamamitha amathathu, nesihlahla - kufinyelela kumitha.

Isitshalo sehlukile:

• amacembe abushelelezi, aminyene, aluhlaza;
• izimbali ezimhlophe, ezibomvana noma ezibomvu-orenji ezinobubanzi be-3-5 cm;
• imisipha ifinyelela ku-2 cm ubude;
• izimbali eziningi ngoMeyi-Juni, ezithatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-20;
• Izithelo zesimo esime okomapula noma obunjiwe zihlala kubo bonke ubude bamahlumela, ububanzi bawo bungasukela ku-3 kuye ku-5 cm, bese isisindo cishe amagremu angama-45.

Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, izithelo zeHenomeles zivuthwa. Ngefomu elivuthiwe, zingaba okhanyayo okhanyayo noma oluhlaza-ophuzi. Ngaphandle, izithelo zimbozwe ngentambo ye-wax, evikela ngokuphelele ekulahlekelweni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu bangakwazi ukudlulisa ngisho namafriji angenamandla esihlahleni. Cishe ingxenye yezinga lezithelo ihlala imbewu emdaka, ngokubukeka kwayo ifana nembewu yesihlahla se-apula.

Izithelo quince Japanese iqala ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Ehlathini ngalinye ungalanda kusuka kumakhilogremu amabili ezithelo. Izithelo, noma zingakavuthwa, ziqoqana ukuze zibambe iqhwa. Bangakwazi ukuvuthwa ngesikhathi sokugcinwa ekhaya, kepha ngamazinga okushisa aphansi ama-3-5 degrees.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-genomeles

I-quince yaseJapan ine izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo (esithombeni), esikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe isitshalo esifanele indawo yakho yengadi.

1. Izinhlobonhlobo zeCrimson neGolide noma iQuince ebabazekayo ihlukaniswa ngesihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,2. Isitshalo siqhakaza ngezimbali ezinombala obomvu omnyama onama-stamens aphuzi. I-shrub ayidingi ukuthenwa, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge uthango.
2. UHenomelesimon wadotshwa abafuyi baseFrance. Isihlahla sinamacembe okuhlala afanayo nxazonke okuhlala kuwo, ama-raspberry inflorescence abomvu nezithelo eziluhlaza.
3. Izinhlobo ezihlobisayo zeJet Trail zibonakaliswa amahlumela amaningi anwelayo, ukungabikho kwameva, amagatsha arc agobile nezimbali ezimhlophe ezintekenteke.
4. I-Quince Vesuvius yaseJapan inomqhele obanzi, kepha ikhula ingaphezu kwemitha eyodwa. Inani elikhulu lama-inflorescence alo linombala obomvu.
5. Izinhlobo ze-Pink Lady zihlukaniswa umqhele obanzi kanye nezimbali ezimnyama zepinki noma ezipinki. Isihlahla sikhula sibe ngu-1.5 m.
6. UHenomeles Nivalis womabili ukuphakama nobubanzi bukhula abe ngamamitha amabili. AmaNivalis aqhakaza ngezimbali ezimhlophe ngoMeyi nango-Agasti.
7. Izinhlobo ze-Quince Holland zihlukaniswa ngama-glossy, amaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama, umqhele obanzi nezimbali ezibomvu ze-orange. Ngo-Agasti, kungahle kube nezitshalo eziqhakaza kabusha ezinhlobonhlobo.

Uma ufuna ukukhulisa i-bonsai yaseJapan kusuka eQuince, khona-ke lokhu kungcono kakhulu kulokhu. Isitshalo seRubra. Lapho utshala isiqu endaweni engele esitsheni esifanele, ngokunakekela okuthe xaxa, ukuze kunikezwe isihlahla ukubukeka okuhle, kuyodingeka ukuncipha kahle.

Izici zokukhula kweJapan Quince

Ukulinywa kweHenomeles akunzima ikakhulukazi. Lapho ukhetha indawo kuye, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-shrub ithanda izindawo ezinokhanyo kahle. Ungakhula emthunzini oyingxenye, kepha ngeke uthele izithelo.

I-quince yaseJapan ikhula ngempumelelo cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi. Inhlabathi enobumba olunesihlabathi esimanzi futhi olumanzi iyimfanele. Noma kunjalo, kufanele abe manzi ngokulinganayo futhi acebile ngama-humus. Ama-Genomeles awabekezeleli inhlabathi egcwele i-calcareous and saline.

Izinhlobo eziningi zeQuince ziyamelana neqhwa, futhi zingabusika ngaphandle kokukhosela. Kodwa-ke, uma ubusika bunokhahlo futhi bungenalo iqhwa, iziqhakaza zezimbali kanye namahlumela waminyaka yonke zingaba yiqhwa. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukutshala izihlahla ezindaweni lapho kwenziwa khona ungqimba olwanele weqhwa. Ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima, lesi sitshalo kufanele simbozwe ebusika ngamaqabunga awile noma amagatsha esihlahla se-spruce.

Ukufakelwa kweGenomeles

Kungcono ukutshala izihlahla ezincane entwasahlobo ngemuva kokuncibilikisa inhlabathi. Ukufika kwe-Autumn ngesikhathi sokuwa kwamaqabunga amakhulu kungenzeka. Kodwa-ke, isihlahlana se-thermophilic kungenzeka singabi nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi sife ngaphambi kwesithwathwa.

Thatha izimpande kahle Izithombo ze-quince zaseJapan. Lapho utshala isitshalo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intamo yezimpande ihlala isezingeni lomhlabathi. Ezitshalweni ezineminyaka engama-3-5 ubudala, imigodi yokutshala kufanele ibe nobubanzi be-0.5-0.8 m, nobubanzi obufika ku-0.5 m.

Inhlabathi yeHenomeles ilungiswe kusuka kumashidi womhlaba, iphimbo nokuthambisa (2: 1: 2). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukufaka ama-300 amagremu we-potassium nitrate, amagremu ama-200 we-superphosphate, amagremu angama-500 womlotha, amabhakede ama-1-2 we-humus emgodini wokutshala.

Kungcono ukutshala izihlahla zamaQuince ngamaqembu amancane ezitshalo ezingama-3-5. Ukuze izitshalo ezindala zingagcini zodwa futhi zingasondelani, ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele okungenani libe yimitha elilodwa.

Izici Zokunakekela

Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala ukuthambisa ejwayelekile. Ikakhulu umswakama womhlabathi kufanele ubhekwe ehlobo elomile. Ukuze inhlabathi igcine umswakama, ezungeze iHenomeles encane, inhlabathi ifakwe ungqimba lwama-cm angama-3-5. Njenge-mulch, sawdust noma i-peat kufanelekile.

Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo ezincane zivundiswa entwasahlobo ngamanyolo we-nitrogen nesaladi, nasekwindla ngomanyolo we-potash ne-phosphorus.

Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4-5, iJapan Quince izoqala ukuqhakaza futhi ithele izithelo. Isitshalo esidala Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okudingekayo:

1. I-Henomeles ayidingi ukuthambisa okuningi. Kanye ngenyanga kuzokwanela.
2. Gcobisa isitshalo ngendlela efanayo namanye amahlahla esihlahlana.
3. Njalo entwasahlobo, kuyadingeka ukusika amagatsha amadala alele phansi, aneminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu ubudala.
4. Minyaka yonke, kunconywa ukwakha isihlahla ukuvikela ukukhula kwawo. Inani lamagatsha esihlahleni akufanele libe ngaphezulu kwe-10-20. Sika amahlumela aqonde phezulu. Izihlahla kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngisho nangaphambi kokuvela efihlekile. Ukuthena i-Autumn kungaholela ekuqandeni isitshalo.
5. Ebusika, uQuince uyanconywa ukuthi avikeleke emoyeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ingambozwa ngamagatsha e-spruce, noma ifake nesihlangu esigcina iqhwa.

Njengoba ubona, ukunakekelwa kweHenomeles kulula impela futhi akudingi izindleko ezinkulu zomzimba nezezezimali. It ikakhulukazi iqukethe zokufaka umquba izihlahla.

Ukuzala I-Quince yaseJapan

Ungasakaza isitshalo ngezindlela eziningi:

• ngembewu;
• ukusika;
• ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.

Ukusakazwa kwembewu

Le yindlela ethembeke kakhulu futhi elula yokuzala iQuince. Imbewu enkulu ensundu itshalwe kule ngxube yobumba elungiselelwe ukuphela kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi.

Cishe emva kwamasonto ayisithupha izithombo zigxila ezinkomeni ezihlukile zesithombo. Izithombo ezikhulile emhlabathini zingatshalwa ngoMeyi noma ngoJuni.

Izithombo ezincane zidinga ukuvikelwa kwesithwathwa ebusika bokuqala. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke iQuince izodinga ukutshalwa endaweni evulekile kuphela entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika kanye ngokuxhunyelelwa

Inzuzo yalokhu kukhiqizwa kabusha ukuthi zonke izimfanelo ezihlukile zesitshalo ziyagcinwa.

Izimbumbulu kufanele zivunwe ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Kunconywa ukuba ubasike ekuseni, esimeni sezulu esomile. Lapho usika isitashi, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi ngesiqeshana esincane sokhuni lwangonyaka odlule, okungukuthi ngesithende. Sika amahlumela afakwe intuku kosuku ekukhuliseni izilinganiso futhi ngokungacabangi etshalwe engxube ye-peat nesihlabathi (1: 3). I-Rooting yenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-30- 40, inqobo nje uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kune- + 20C.

NgoMeyi, lo mbumbulu we-quince ugonywe ngokugawulwa kokuhlukahluka:

1. Ngesikhathi sokugeleza kwesibili (ngoJulayi noma ngo-Agasti), amahlumela alesi sitshalo avuniwe.
2. Egangeni lesithombo (isitoko), kwenziwa isigaxa esenziwe nge-T, imiphetho yaso egobile.
3. Ngaphansi kwamagxolo, kufakwa i-varietal shoot enezinso.
4. Izitshalo zicindezelwe ngokuqinile komunye nomunye, zinamathiselwe futhi zicutshungulwa yi-garden var.

Izinga lokusinda kwamehlo liyahlolwa ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu kuya amane. Entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo, izinso kufanele zinikeze ihlumela elisha, bese kuthi amabhandeji asuswe.

Ukwahlukaniswa kwe-Bush

Ama-Quince bush anika inzalo eningi yezimpande, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi akhula kuzo zonke izinkomba. Ngenxa yenzalo enjalo, lesi sitshalo singakhula ngisho nasendaweni emthambekeni.

Isikhathi esifanele sokuhlukanisa isihlahla sithathwa njengokuphela kwentwasahlobo kanye nokuphela kwekwindla. Umdwebo wezimpande wokutshala kufanele ube nobukhulu obungama-0,5 cm nobude obuyi-10-15 cm.Kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ongakwenza hlukanisa inzalo engu-5-6.

Amahlumela alungiselelwe atshalwe ngokuthe nkqo endaweni ehlala njalo. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuzinakekela kuhlanganisa ukuchelela okuvamile nokufaka inhlabathi ngaphansi kwawo ngokugawuniliza, ama-chips wezinkuni noma ama-humus.

Okubi ngale ndlela yokusabalalisa ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande lwamahlumela asemancane aluthuthukiswa kahle, futhi ezinye izithombo kudingeka zikhule ekhaya. Izithelo zezitshalo ezincane zincane kunokwejwayelekile ekuqaleni.

Yilwa nezifo nezinambuzane ze-Quince Japanese

Isilonda esikhulu seHenomeles yi-aphid. Ukuvela kwayo kungaba yinhlekelele yangempela yesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, lapho sitholakele, isihlahla kufanele siphathwe ngokushesha ngamathuluzi akhethekile.

Ngomswakama ophezulu esimanzi nasesimweni sezulu esipholile, izimo ezithandekayo zenzelwe ukubonakala izifo ezahlukahlukene fungal:

• nge-necrosis kanye namabala ahlukahlukene, amaqabunga aqala ukukhubazeka futhi awume;
• nge-cercosporosis, kuvela amabala ansundu ahlukahlukene, aqothuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi;
• nge-ramulariosis, amabala ansundu ayabonakala emaqabungeni.

Izindlela Esebenzayo Zokulwa kuyinto Isicelo insipho yethusi ne-0.2% baseazole. Okuncane okuyingozi ukufafaza izihlahla ngokufakwa kwe-anyanisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amagremu angama-150 esikebhe ngosuku agcizelela kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Izitshalo zokufaka ukumiliswa zicutshungulwa njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu.

I-quince yaseJapan, ukunakekelwa kwayo okunzima, kungatshalwa njengesitshalo esisodwa, ngamaqembu amancane noma emaphethelweni wendlela engadini, kwakheka uthango kuyo. Kodwa hhayi lesi sihlahla kuphela esaziswa ngokuzithoba kwawo nokuqhakaza okuhle. Izithelo ze-Quince zinezinto eziningi ezisebenzayo eziphilayo kanye nengxube yamavithamini. Lezi zimfanelo eziphakeme zibeka iHenomeles enkulumeni ethile yezilimo zezithelo ezibalulekile.