Ubuciko beBonsai

Ubuciko be-bonsai elihunyushwe olimini lwesiRussia lisho "isihlahla ebhodweni". Lobuciko bavela ngo-200 BC. e. e-China, ngokunembile, ekuqaleni bekuzwakala ngathi "pan-san." Ngemuva kwamakhulu eminyaka ambalwa, amaJapan, kanye nobuBuddha, bawubona lo msebenzi wobuciko, bawubeka ekupheleleni futhi manje kubhekwa njengesiko lamaJapane.

Izithombe zokuqala ze-bonsai ngokoqobo - hatito, zitholakala emibhalweni yesikhathi saseKamakura sekwedlule isikhathi (1249-1382). Uthando lwezihlahla ezimfushane luchazwa nje kalula - ukungabi nensimu enkulu nekhono lokukhulisa ingadi eduze kwendlu, amaJapan afuna ukuthola ikona yemvelo ekhaya, futhi izihlahla ezincane azithathanga isikhala esiningi. Ekuqaleni kwakuyinto yokuzijabulisa eningi, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abavamile. Kamuva, ngemuva kokunqoba kweChina ngo-1885, iBonsai yaba yinto yezemfashini, yokufunda kwesayensi nokuqoqa. Izikole ezahlukahlukene ze-bonsai nezitayela ezikhulayo zaqala ukuvela.

Zingaba ngu-400 izinhlobo zezitshalo ezifanelekile futhi ezifuyelwe ukwenziwa kwe-bonsai. I-bonsai yangempela inezici ezisuka ku-20 cm kuye ku-1.5-2 m. Isiqondisi esikhethekile ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezinamanzi amancane, lapho kungekho sihlahla esisodwa esikhulwe esitsheni, kepha isiqephu sonke semvelo, sinechibi, amatshe, izintaba ezincane kanye nezimpophoma. Ubuciko beBonsai abubekezeleli ukungaboni ngaso linye, kudinga ukunakekelwa kweziguli. Ukunakekela i-bonsai kuwuhlobo lwamasiko nokuzindla. Izihlahla zitshalwa amashumi eminyaka namakhulu eminyaka. Engadini yasebukhosini eJapan kunezinhlobo zama-bonsai, aneminyaka engaba ngu-300-400 ubudala.

Kukho konke okushiwoyo, kulandela ukuthi i-bonsai yeqiniso kumele ithwale isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ama-bonsai afaka ngokuyinhloko izihlahla ezinemithi eminyene. Amagatsha agobile noma aphuke ngokuyisisekelo, iziqu ezinamagxolo aqhekekile noma ahlutshiwe ambozwe nge-moss ayaziswa kakhulu. Konke lokhu kufanekisela ukusinda kwesikhathi eside ezimweni ezinzima zemvelo futhi kugcizelela imvelo.

Imilo kaBonsai

Chokkan - Ifomu elingqingqiwe mpo: isiqu esiqondile sime mpo sesimo esime kahle, simbozwe ngokulingene ngamagatsha (isitayela esime mpo).

Ilungele i-spruce, i-larch, i-juniper, i-dzelkva ne-ginkgo. Uma isihlahla singatholi mncintiswano ovela kwezinye izihlahla, singadalulwa imimoya enamandla evamile, sinokudla okwenele namanzi, siyokhula siqine, futhi isiqu saso siyoba nomumo ophelele. Amagatsha esihlahla se-bonsai akufanele abe ngokulinganayo, amagatsha aphezulu kufanele abe amafushane futhi abe mancane kunalawa angaphansi. Amagatsha kufanele anwebe ngokuqondile kusuka esiqwini, futhi amanye amagatsha aphansi angaguqa phansi kancane. Ukuvimbela isitsha ukuthi singashisi ngaphezulu, isisindo saso nesisindo somuthi kufanele silingane.

Shakan - Umumo othambekele: isiqu esithandekayo, uhlelo oluphezulu nezimpande zalo ziqondiswe ngaphesheya kwesisekelo sesiqu, uhlelo oluqinile lwezimpande (isitayela esinqunyiwe).

Ilungele inani elikhulu lezinhlobo. Ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya onamandla ovunguza, lesi sihlahla sikhula ngesithambeka, ifomu elifanayo lingabonakala esitshalweni esikhula emthunzini naselulelweni lize elangeni. Isiqu somuthi, esingase siqonde noma sigwetshwe kancane, kufanele sithambekele ekoneni lika-70 kuya ku-90 ° maqondana nengaphezulu lesitsha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesihlahla, izimpande zithuthukiswe kakhulu, futhi kubonakala sengathi zibambelela ngokuqinile emhlabathini, futhi kusukela ohlangothini lwesigaxa esigobile ziya emhlabathini.

Mayogi - Ijamo le mpo le-asymmetric mpo: isiqu esijikelezayo esinomthambeka omncane esisekelweni kanye nobubanzi obungu-3 bokugoba okuncane, obambozwe ngokulinganayo ngamagatsha. Umumo othambekele ku-Shakan: isiqu esithandekayo, uhlelo oluphezulu nolwezimpande luqondiswe ngaphesheya kwesisekelo sesiqu, uhlelo oluqinile lwezimpande (isitayela esime mpo esingaqondile).

Ilungele cishe zonke izinhlobo zezihlahla. Lesi sitayela sitholakala kabanzi emvelweni nakuma-bonsai amaningi. Isiqu sesihlahla sinezibalo eziningi, ezingaphansi zazo kufanele zibizwe. Njengasesimweni sesitayela esime mpo esisemthethweni, isiqu sinokwakheka okusobala, amagatsha ayalingana, kanti umqhele uhambelana nobukhulu besiqu.

I-Fukinagashi -igobile yifomu lomoya: isiqu esithandekayo, ikakhulukazi endaweni ephezulu, esinamagatsha aqondiswe emthambekeni.
I-Hokidachi ifomu elibunjiwe fan: i-trunk branching eqondile ngesimo fan (isitayela panicle).

Ilungele izihlahla ezinwebekile ezinamagatsha amancanyana afana ne-dzelkva, elm ne-Hornbeam. Ngokwemvelo, lesi sitayela cishe saziwa ngokubonakalayo kuZeikova (Dzelkva). Lapho wenza i-bonsai, lesi sitayela singasetshenziselwa ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Isiqu sangempela simile, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside, wonke amagatsha aphambuka endaweni eyodwa. Umqhele uyindilinga futhi uzacile kakhulu.

Ngenxa yamagatsha amaningi amancanyana, lesi sihlahla sinokubonakala okuhle ngaphandle kwamahlamvu. Ngokuvamile, lesi sihlahla sifana nokuthuka okudala.

Kengai - ifomu elenga noma lokudilizwa: isiqu esigobekile namagatsha alengiswe phansi onqenqemeni lomkhumbi (isitayela se-Cascade).

Ilungele amaphayini, i-cotoneaster, i-pyracantha ne-juniper. Akunconyelwe izihlahla ezineziqu eziqinile, ezigogekile kahle. Umuthi okhula eweni eliweni ungagobeka ngezizathu eziningi - ngenxa yamatshe awayo, ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo noma isisindo seqhwa, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya. Lesi isitayela samakhasino esenziwe imvelo uqobo. Nge-bonsai, lokhu kusho ukuthi umqhele wesihlahla kufanele ube ngaphansi komphetho ophezulu wesitsha. Kunzima kakhulu ukugcina isitshalo se-Cascade siphilile njengoba sikhula.

Khan Kengai - Ukuma okulengiso noma isigamu se-cascade: isiqu kanye namagatsha kuqondile ngokuqondile onqenqemeni lomkhumbi (isitayela semihafu).

Ifanele zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo, ngaphandle kwezihlahla eziqinile ezingagobekile. Lesi sitayela, njenge- "Cascade", sitholakala emvelweni ezihlahleni ezikhula emthambekeni, eceleni komfula kanye nasezigungwini. Ngenxa yokusondela kwamanzi, isiqu asikhuli phansi, kodwa kunalokho endaweni ephakeme. Ezihlahleni ze-bonsai zesitayela se-semi-cascading, umqhele kuphela uphonsa kancane ngaphansi komphetho ophezulu wesitsha.

Isitsuki - ifomu le-rock (i-bonsai etsheni): izimpande zesitshalo zimboza itshe elitholakala emhlabathini (isitayela se- “hugging itshe”).

Ilungele uphayini, imephu, i-quince yezimbali kanye ne-rhododendron. Ngokwakhiwa kwalesi sitayela, izihlahla zikhula kusuka kumifantu ematsheni. Izimpande zibonakala zizongena etsheni futhi ukusuka lapho lesi sitshalo sithola konke ukudla okudingekayo namanzi. Ukuchelela ejwayelekile kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-bonsai yalesi sitayela, ngoba umswakama osebangeni lomkhawulo ulinganiselwe Ukuqinisekisa umswakama ophezulu, itshe lingabekwa esitsheni esingajulile namanzi. Ngokutshala izihlahla eziningana, ungakha isimo sendawo.

Sokan - amafomu amawele noma afihlekile: Iziqu ezi-2, ezihlukile kubude namandla, zikhula zisuka ezimpandeni (isitayela se- “double trunk”).

Ifanele zonke izinhlobo zezihlahla. I-silhouette enjalo yande ngendalo. Iziqu ezimbili zikhula zisuka empandeni eyodwa, kanti enye inamandla kakhulu kuneyesibili. E-bonsai, lesi sitayela singakhiwa ngokungemthetho lapho kwakhiwa isiqu sesibili esivela egatsheni eliphansi. Qiniseka ukuthi igatsha aliphezulu kakhulu, uma kungenjalo “ifoloko” lizokwakheka elingahambelani nesitayela se-bonsai.

Sankan - ifomu le-tricuspid.

Kabudachi - Ifomu elinemikhondo eminingi: izitshalo ezinemifino eminingi yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene obufana nezihlahlana. Inani leetunks kumele lingajwayelekile (isitayela se-Octopus).
Lesi sitayela silungele zonke izinhlobo zezihlahla. Zonke iziqu zikhula zisuka empandeni eyodwa futhi azikwazi ukwahlukaniswa. Lokhu ngumehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zitshalo eqenjini lezinhlobo ezithile ezikhulayo. Kuyafana nesitayela sebhaxa eliyimbili, kepha lapha sikhuluma ngeziqu ezintathu noma ngaphezulu.

UJoseph-Yu - Ukwakhiwa kwehlathi: izihlahla eziningi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobudala emkhunjini owodwa.

I-Ikadabuki - i-raft: isiqu esibekwe phansi noma emhlabathini esinamagatsha aqonde mpo akhula. Lesi sitshalo sifana nokwakheka kwehlathi kwezihlahla eziningana (isitayela "somuthi owileyo").

Ifanele zonke izinhlobo zezihlahla. Kwesinye isikhathi isihlahla esiwile singaphila ngokujikijela phezulu kwamagatsha aseceleni, lapho kwakhiwa khona iziqu zezihlahla ezintsha. Isiqu esidala esisavulekile sisabonakala. Lesi sitayela kwesinye isikhathi sisetshenziswa kwi-bonsai, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona izinto zomthombo, lapho amagatsha etholakala khona ohlangothini olulodwa. Ngokungafani neqembu lezitshalo ngazinye kulesi sitayela, ibanga phakathi kweziqu ngazinye alishintshi.

Bujingi (isitayela sokubhaliwe).

Ifanele izihlahla ezi-coniferous kakhulu noma ezi-deciduous. Lesi sitayela sithatha igama laso kwisitayela sokupenda esisetshenziswa ngabadwebi baseChina ukupenda izihlahla zomcabango. Ubumfihlo balesi sitayela: umugqa wesiqu obunjiwe ngokuqondile, ngokungabikho ngokuphelele kwamagatsha aphansi, umqhele utholakala engxenyeni engenhla yesihlahla kuphela. Futhi singathola izihlahla ezifanayo kuleli hlathi lapho, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga kanye nezikhala ezixinene, amagatsha aphansi efa bese kuthi isiqu sibukeka singenamikhawulo futhi singekho kahle.

Sekijoju ("izimpande enqunu etsheni" isitayela).

Ilungele zonke izinhlobo ezinezimpande ezithuthukiswe kakhulu, njenge-maple, i-elm yaseChina, uphayini nejuniper. Emhlabathini onamatye, ezinye izitshalo ziyaphila ngenxa yokuthi izimpande zazo, ezimboze imisele, zikhuphuka ngaphansi kwazo ziyofuna amanzi nezakhi ezinqwabelana emifantwini nasemigqeni evundile. Izimpande, ezivulekele imimoya futhi zingaphansi kwezinguquko zezulu ezahlukahlukene, maduze ziqala ukufana nesiqu. Into ebalulekile ye-bonsai yi-plexus emangazayo yezimpande ebukeka indala. Umuthi ngokwawo ungatshalwa nganoma yisiphi isitayela, kepha okumile mpo ne-"panicle" okuhlelekile ngeke kube ukukhetha okuhle. Njengoba isitshalo sidonsa ukudla esitsheni, ukunakekela kuso akuyona into enzima kakhulu kunezitshalo zezinye izitayela. Dlulisa ukuze itshe elinezimpande libonakale kahle.

ISharimiki (isitayela sokhuni esifile).

Ilungele i-juniper. Ejunipers ezikhula emithambekeni yezintaba, izingxenye ezibalulekile zesiqu azimbozwa ngamagxolo futhi zihlanganiswa yilanga. E-bonsai, lezi zindawo ngokhuni olufile zibaluleke kakhulu futhi kufanele zibonakale ngokucacile. Zenziwe ngendlela yokusika ngokusika izingxenye ezithile ze-cortex kanye nokuxhuma kwazo okulandelayo.

Izitshalo zeBonsai

Akusizo zonke izitshalo ezilungele ukukhula njenge-bonsai. Noma kunezitayela kubuciko be-bonsai lapho ukwakheka kwakheka khona kusuka ezitshalweni ze-herbaceous, ngokwesiko ama-bonsai atshalwa ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni, i.e. izitshalo ezinesiqu esiqinile, esivame ukukhanyiswa namagatsha. Izihlahla ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-coniferous: uphayini, umjunipha, thuja, ikypypress, i-larch, njengoba zilukhuni impela futhi ucezu lomhlaba olusizungezile lubonakala lungajwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwama-conifers, izinhlobo eziwohlokayo zivame ukuba zikhule njenge-bonsai - imephu, i-birch, i-ash ash, i-oak, i-beech, i-Hornbeam, i-willow, njll. Izihlahla ezinezithelo eziqhakazayo neziqhakaza zibukeka zinemibala ekhethekile - i-acacia, i-guava, ihalananda, i-myrtle, i-magnolia, i-peach, iplamu, i-citrus. Kunoma ikuphi, ukukhetha kwesitshalo kunqunywa yizimo zokuboshwa - ikakhulukazi lokushisa. Uma igumbi lipholile, khona-ke ungathatha ama-conifers, uma igumbi lishisa, ikakhulukazi ebusika, khona-ke ukukhetha kunqunyelwe kwizitshalo ezithanda ukushisa (i-ficus, i-Dracaena, i-cordilina, i-engadiya).

I-Adenium ikhuluphele; I-Krosmos Bauer; I-Pickaxe I-Rhododendron Sims;
Acacia bailey; I-Caro mutch, Senegalese, isiliva, ukuphikelela, iFarnesian, i-blackwood;
ICorocia imise okwenduku; I-Rosemary officinalis
I-Albanian ibunjiwe, i-Leonkaran; I-kumquat i-oval; AmaHindu amaJapane; Teas Sagration
Bamboo I-Kofeya iyi -opolotiki; I-Boxwood incane-eleved, evergreen;
I-Bauchinia Blanca, i-mottled, nsomi; ILagerstremia yiNdiya, yinhle; USerissa noma “umuthi wezinkanyezi eziyinkulungwane”;
Umuthi wokuphonsa waseJapan; Cistus; Syzygium paniculata
I-Privet Japanese; Ihalananda leLaphenia; I-Rhizopharynx wavy; UTobira mncane
Rock brachychiton; I-Leptospermum induku-eyakhiwe; Pine ezejwayelekile, iMedithera;
IBougainvillea ibushelelezi, yinhle; I-Liquid Formosa; ISophora ezinwabuzelayo, ezinamaphiko amane;
Abakwa-elm abancane; Malpigia enqunu, ethwele umsoco; ICrassula iluhlaza okotshani;
I-Gardenia ifana ne-jasmine-like; Umnqumo waseYurophu; I-Trachelospermum Asia, jasmoid, Japan;
Ukubambisana kweHibiscus, kukhutshiwe IMelaleuk ngokhuni olumhlophe, iSt John's wort; I-Trichodiadema Calvatum; ILittlewood, i-bulbous;
I-Pomegranate standard grade Nana Metrosideros high; Feijoa Sellovana;
Dovialis Kaffra; Mirsina African; UFicus Benjamin, ibhokisi lezinkuni
Cork oki, amadwala; Myrtle ezejwayelekile; Amakhiwane amancanyana, anama-zipatso amancane, ama-boxwood, amise okwama-awl;
I-Eugene iyimbali eyodwa; I-Myrcinaria igculisekile ngombala; I-Mastic pistachio;
I-honeysuckle iyakhazimula; I-Euphorbia balsamic; I-Fuchsia i-hybrid, enezimbali ezincane, ayihambisani-nokugeleza, i-thyme-leaved, enamaqabunga amathathu;
Strawberry enkulu-izithelo, ezincane-izithelo; UMuraia Conta, wethukile; I-Holarren pubescent; Kunxenxa u-Ixora; Ikhaya laseNandina; ICitrofortunella encane-izithelo;
ICasuarina inezifo eziningi, evikela, ihashe; I-Variegated Nicodemia; Izithelo zeCitrus: i-orange, i-orange ebabayo, i-lime yangempela, i-limetta, ilamula, i-mandarin, njll;
ICalliandra Tved, nePelargonium ine-lobed eyisikhombisa, i-zonal, i-ivy, i-curly, futhi inuka ngokuqinile; I-Eucalyptus Hun, ulamula, i-multiflorous, inamaqabunga, cap;
I-callistemon willow-ezimise, zinamachashazi amakhulu, aphuzi kalamula, amahle; I-Podocarpus enkulu-leaved; I-Nagi, ibunjiwe ngesikela, iblue, mncane; U-Eretia mncane;
ICamellia isiShayina, i-mesh, isiJapane; Poliscias Balfura; IHuphol, Holly; Jacobinum malaflora;
I-cypress yase-Arizona, i-evergreen, iKashmir, enezithelo ezinkulu; Ihabhu lasePortulacaria; U-Griffith's Ash; I-Kneorum ezintathu-rack; I-Rapis iphakeme, iphansi;

Ukunakekelwa

Imodi yokukhanya

Amahora wemini elangeni elipholile afushane kunasezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo, ngakho-ke ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okwengeziwe i-bonsai izoswele ukukhanya. Ukushoda okukhethekile kokukhanya kwelanga kuwuphawu lwenkathi ebandayo - ukusuka ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuye ekuqaleni kukaMashi.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-bonsai zidinga izimo ezihlukile zokukhanyisa, okufanele zichazwe. Lapho ukhetha okuqukethwe kwe-bonsai, naka le mikhakha elandelayo:

uhlangothi lomhlaba (enyakatho, eningizimu, nentshonalanga, empumalanga)
ibanga ukusuka kufasitela (efasiteleni, eduze kwewindows ngemuva kwesihenqo, eduze kwefasitela ngaphandle kwamakhethini, ngemuva kwegumbi)
i-angle yezinga lokukhanya kwelanga
indawo yezindlu eziseduze komakhelwane
ukuba khona kwezingqinamba zangaphandle zokukhanya kwelanga (izakhiwo ezingomakhelwane eziseduze, izihlahla eziminyene)
umbala wezindonga kanye ne-windowsill

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amakhethini amunca ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngakho-ke uma i-bonsai ingemuva kwamakhethini, phakathi nosuku kufanele iphakanyiswe noma icindezelwe ohlangothini ukuze kuvunyelwe ukukhanya kwelanga kufinyelele esigcawini sendlu.

Ngokuqondene ne-angle yesigameko sokukhanya kwelanga, ukukhula kwesitshalo kukhulu kakhulu uma kumi ngakwesobunxele ewindini lasempumalanga noma ohlangothini lwesokunene entshonalanga.

Izinga eliseduze lokukhanya lingalinganiswa kusetshenziswa imitha yokuvezwa kwesithombe noma i-luxometer. Lawa madivayisi anikezela ngemininingwane efanele mayelana nenani lokukhanya kwendawo ngayinye. Imikhawulo yokukhanyisa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo zasendlini ihluka kusuka ku-500 kuya ku-5000 lux.

Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kumele kunxephezelwe ukusebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ngobuciko. Akunconyelwe ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okufakwayo unyaka wonke, okungaba nomthelela omubi esitshalweni.. Ebusika, kanye ezinsukwini ezinamafu kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi, ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kumane kudingekile. Ngalezi zinhloso kusetshenziswa amalambu we-fluorescent fluorescent, amalambu anomfutho ophakeme kakhulu kanye namalambu egesi e-halogen. Kungcono ukwenqaba izibani ze-incandescent, ngoba ukukhanya okukhishwe zona kukude kude nemini, futhi imisebe yokushisa inomphumela oyingozi esithelweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle kwezibani ze-incandescent akukuphakeme ngokwanele.

Amalambu akhethekile we-fluorescent athandwa kakhulu, asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi alula ukuwasebenzisa. Ukuthenga izibani ezinjalo akuyona into enkulu. Zingaba ngemibala ehlukene nobunjwa obuhlukahlukene. Ngokukhanyisa i-bonsai, amalambu aphakanyisiwe anamandla we-18 W (ubude 59 cm) no-40 W (120 cm) wombala omhlophe onomaka wama-20 noma we-DE LUX 21 anconyiwe.

Amalambu egesi e-Halogen afakwa endaweni enezingqimba. Lapho ufaka ezinye izibani zokukhanyisa, imithetho elandelayo kufanele ikhunjulwe:

Ukusondela kwesibani kwesitshalo, kusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngemisebe eshisayo.
Konke ukukhanya kwesibani kufanele kuqondiswe esitshalweni.
Yonke imitha yesikwele yendawo ekhanyisiwe kufanele ibe okungenani ama-watts angama-70. Kukholakala ukuthi isibani sifakwe kude nge-25-50 cm ukusuka kusitshalo.

Ebusika, amahora okukhanya kwemini kufanele lenyuswe ngamahora angama-4-5.

Imodi yokushisa

Izinhlobo zasendaweni engaphansi kwe-bonsai (i-myrtle, i-olive, ihalananda, irosemary) ebusika ziqukethe amazinga okushisa ukusuka ku-+5 kuya ku-+ 15 ° C, bese ehlobo ayiswa emoyeni ovulekile (kuvulandi).

Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezishisayo unyaka wonke ziqukethe emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-+18 kuya ku- + 25C. Ehlobo, izitshalo zishiywa ngaphandle ezindlini. Izitshalo ezishisayo azinconywa ukuba zibekwe kuma-sill efasiteleni lamatshe, uma uhlelo lokushisa lungadlule ngaphansi kwazo.

Ukushisa okuphezulu kwesitshalo, ukukhanya okwengeziwe, amanzi nezakhi kuyadingeka. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi, okuthe xaxa okuthe xaxa ukuthambisa kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu kwesitshalo kufanele kube.

Umswakama womoya

Njengomthetho, umswakama osezindongeni zedolobha awanele nge-bonsai. Ungayixazulula kanjani le nkinga?

Indlela ebiza kakhulu, kepha hhayi indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokwakha umswakama ophelele womoya i-humidifier kagesi. Ama-humidifires anezinkinga eziningi: ubukhulu obukhulu, izindleko eziphakeme zokulungiswa, imiphumela yomsindo. Indlela elula yokuxazulula inkinga ukufaka i-bonsai esikebheni esicaba noma epulasitiki eligcwele amanzi. Ngaphansi komkhumbi (ugqoko) kufanele kubekwe ngaphandle ngamatshe amatshe amancane noma nge -hubhu bese ubeka imbiza yezitshalo ngaphezulu kwazo. Inani lamanzi kufanele ligcinwe ezingeni elifanayo. Ukusebenza kwale ndlela yokukhuculula kuzonyuka uma isikejana esinamanzi sibekwe ngaphezulu kohlelo lokushisa.

Ukwandisa umswakama womoya, kunconywa ukufafaza isitshalo ngamanzi. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo inika umphumela wesikhashana nje, ngakho-ke kufanele iphindwe njalo. Ukufafaza kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni, ukuze isitshalo sibe nesikhathi sokoma kusihlwa.

Ukunisela

Inhlabathi esitsheni esine-bonsai kufanele ihlale inomswakama (ingomi, kepha ingabi manzi). Ukwehla kwenhlabathi kunganqunywa ngokuthinta noma ngombala okhanyayo. Ukuqhekeka komile ebusweni bomhlaba akuvezi ukuthi umhlaba wonke womile.

Amanzi kufanele afinyelele ngaphansi komkhumbi. Uma kwenzeka ukutholakala kwenhlabathi kungaphatheki kahle, ukuthambisa kufanele kuphindwe kabili kuze kube yilapho okusanhlamvu ngakunye kwesihlabathi kunyukile. Ehlobo, i-bonsai idinga amanzi amaningi kunasebusika, elihambisana nokukhula okuqinile kwezitshalo ngesikhathi esifudumele. Izitshalo ezingaphansi komhlaba ziyaniselwa kancane ngangokunokwenzeka ehlobo: inhlabathi kumele ibe yome ngokulinganayo. Izitshalo ezishisayo azikubekezeleli nakancane amanzi abandayo.

Amanzi amahle kakhulu okunisela ayancitshiswa. Ungasebenzisa amanzi ompompi, avikelwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa amahora amaningi: amanzi athola okushisa kwekamelo futhi afake ukungcola okukhona.