Amaphayiphu avela ezinhlanyweni ekhaya Ukutshala nokunakekelaI-Plumeria isihlahla sobuhle obumangalisayo, ukuqhakaza ngama-inflorescence ahlukile wezimbali ezinkulu ezinamanzi. Njengomhlali ezindaweni ezishisayo, waba yintandokazi yabatshali bezimbali abafisa ukumhlalisa endlini yabo efasiteleni noma ekhoneni legumbi.
Imvelaphi yaseNingizimu Melika naseCaribbean, eLaos naseMexico, ama-plumeria asabalele nakwamanye amazwe omhlaba ngenxa yobuhle bayo obukhulu nokungahloniphi. EThailand, lesi sitshalo siye saba yingxenye yanoma yisiphi isiko esihambisana nomuntu, kusukela ekuzalweni nasekushadweni kuya ekufeni. Sekuphenduke uphawu lokungafi, kanye nengxenye yomhlobiso wamathempeli eNdiya.
Incazelo ye-Plumeria
Plumeria esithombeni semvelo
Emvelweni, i-plumeria yisihlahla eside kakhulu esidweba amagatsha ngamamitha ambalwa ukuphakama. Sikhula singoma nangamaqembu. Esihlahleni kukhona amaqabunga anamanzi, amakhulu, nanovundile anama-veins ashiwo (ngendlela, amaqabunga afana kakhulu namaqabunga e-ficus). Ingxenye engenhla yepuleti lamaqabunga inokukhanya kwe-waxy futhi kumnyama ngaphezu kwezansi, okungezelela ukuhlobisa esitshalweni futhi kusenze sihehe ngisho noma kungaqhakaza.
Umuhle okhethekile we-plumeria, empeleni, ama-inflorescence aminyene wezimbali zezinkanyezi ezinamaphara amahlanu aminyene, anamafutha. Iphunga elibucayi elikhishwe yilesi sitshalo ekuphumeni kwelanga, laba yingxenye yezingoma ezidumile zamakha zemikhiqizo ebizayo. Lapho ilanga livela, iphunga liyanyamalala futhi lizibonakalise kusihlwa.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-plumeria ekhaya
Ukunakekela i-plumeria ekhaya kumathumbu ukuze kugcinwe i-microclimate efana nesimo sezulu esishisayo njengoba ubuhle buqhamuka. Kuzothatha kancane.
Ukukhanyisa nendawo
Kudingeka ukukhanya okuningi okubandakanyekile, ngakho-ke kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa kokukhanya kwelanga okungashisi amaqabunga esitshalo, kepha ubukhulu banele ukuze i-plumeria ingatwabeki futhi ingalahli ukugqama kwamaqabunga. Inketho ekahle ngamafasitela asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga anokukhanya okuningi kepha akukho misebe yangemuva kokushiswa kwemini.
Ukushisa komoya
Ubuhle bezindawo ezishisayo buzizwa bakhululekile emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, kuyinto enhle kuye ukuthi andise amazinga okushisa afike ku-26-28 ° C, kodwa kungabe kusaba khona. Ekushiseni, kuzodingeka umthunzi wesitshalo noma usisuse kufasitela.
Ukunisela
Amahlathi ashisayo lapho kukhula khona i-plumeria kuvame futhi kuthonywe kakhulu yimvula. Lokhu kufanele kukhunjulwe lapho unakekela iTropicana efulethini lakho. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukunisela kaningi nangokuningi, kepha kuphela ngamanzi afudumele, ahlanzekile. Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi empompo awahlotshwanga, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizokufa. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa kuphela amanzi asele usuku olulodwa kuya kwezi-2 ukuhambisa amanzi.
Imbiza yezimbali kumele ibe nezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi ukuze ichithe. Amanzi aqoqwe epanini kufanele akhishwe ukuze umhlaba ungabi ne-asidi futhi ama-microorganisms we-putrefactive angakhi.
Ukunisela ngokuzayo lapho udinga ukomiswa okukhanyayo kwengqimba ephezulu yomhlaba cishe nge-1 cm. Ungawomisi ama-plumeriya, uzolahla amaqabunga esomeni. Kepha ungaminyisi ngokweqile ukuze isiqu namaqabunga kungaqali ukubola, kuthambisa ngokushesha ngokwanele.
Umswakama womoya
Efulethini, kunomswakama owanele womoya. Ukunisela okwengeziwe akudingekile, futhi ukufafaza ngezimbali kuzoba yingozi ikakhulukazi. Kepha uma ufisa, ngesikhathi semvula ungavula iwindi noma ukhiphe imbali ku-loggia. I-Plumeria izokwazisa ukunakwa okunjalo ukuphendula ukubukeka okuthuthukile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Entwasahlobo, kuze kube yilapho isitshalo siqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa ngomanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo ezingamahlamvu. Lapho nje isitshalo sikhipha ama-inflorescence, ukufakwa kukamanyolo okuyinkimbinkimbi ngomanyolo wokuqhakaza izimbali kuyadingeka. Kepha ungagugi: awudingi ukondla ama-plumeria kaningi kunesonto ngalinye. Ungeqi ukugxila okukhonjiswe kwimiyalo ukuze kungabangeli ukuphazamiseka kokukhula nezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Ukwenza Ukusika
Uma ukhumbula, i-plumeria ingumuthi onobukhulu obukhulu. Ukuze ngezimo zefulethi umuthi ubukeke ucocekile, kufanele uthele njalo. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ekwindla noma ebusika lapho isitshalo siphumule. Musa ukuhlehlisa ukusebenza kuze kube sentwasahlobo, ukuze unqamule ama-buds wezimbali, futhi ungahlali ngaphandle kwezimbali kule nkathi.
Khumbula ukuthi ukuthena kuvimbela kuphela ukukhula kwamagatsha futhi akubeki ukukhululwa okusha. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwenza konke ngokucophelela nangokuhlolisisa.
Isithombo esencane siqala ukugatsha eminyakeni engama-3-4 kuphela ngemuva kokutshala. Uma kwakhiwa amagatsha amade, ungakhathazeki: udinga nje ukulinda kuze kube yilapho isitshalo “sikhula”. Ungathola umqhele omuhle futhi omnyama kuphela ngokuthena okulungile okude, ngakho yiba nesineke.
Izinhlobo ze-plumeria zodoti azisiki, khumbula lokhu.
Isikhathi sokuphumula
Ngemuva kokuba i-plumeria iphela, isikhathi sokuthokomala siqala, kuba sobala ngokuwohloka okuyingxenye kwamaqabunga. Isitshalo "silele", sinciphisa zonke izinqubo zokuphila. Kubalulekile ukumnikeza okuqukethwe okulungile: izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa laya ku-14-18 ° C. Esikhathini sokushisa, ngokungafani nalokho, amakamelo anomoya oshisayo nowomile. Zama ukuthola indawo yezimbali lapho izoba khona epholile nenomswakama. Ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulinganiselayo, qiniseka ukuthi umhlaba awubandi, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizokufa.
Uma i-plumeria ingakhanyanga (ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhubeka zikhula ebusika), kuzodingeka ukuyihlela kukhanyiselwe yona.
Ungatshala kanjani futhi udlulise ividiyo ye-plumeria
Ukufakelwa kwe-Plumeria ngemuva kokutshala kuyadingeka: lesi sitshalo sitshalwe enhlabathini yezokuthutha kanye nebhodwe levolumu elinganele. Ngaphambi kokulungisa imbali efasiteleni nezinye izitshalo, yigcine inhlukanisiwe izinsuku ezimbalwa, qaphela: ingabe kukhona izinambuzane noma izimpawu zesifo kuso. Ngokuvamile, i-spider mite ingatholakala kuma-plumeria, bese ukwelashwa okuphindaphindwe nge-unstotoacaricide (ngokwesibonelo, i-phytoverm) kuyadingeka.
Lapho ufaka, kubalulekile ukukhetha ibhodwe elizinzile lamahhala, ngaphansi kwalo lapho kubekwa khona ungqimba lwamanzi. Inhlabathi ingcono ukusebenzisa okwenziwe ngomumo, okuthengwe esitolo. Isitshalo sikhululwa ngokucophelela ebhodweni elidala bese sidluliselwa esitsheni esisha ngokudlulisa indlela, sigcwalisa izikhala ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi enempilo. Ingaphezulu lenhlabathi liyathandeka futhi ukususwa ngokucophelela futhi esikhundleni salo. Ukunisela - kanye ukufakelwa sekuqediwe.
Izithombo ezincane zitshalwa minyaka yonke, nezitshalo ezindala - kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-3-4.
Amaphayiphu avela kwiimbewu ekhaya
Ungasitshala kanjani isithombe se-plumeria imbewu isithombe
Ukusakazeka kwe-plumeria ngembewu kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuthola izitshalo ezintsha, ikakhulukazi uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthola izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo.
Imbewu zePlumeri zikhulu impela, futhi zizitshele iphiko elilodwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene, zijule ngesigamu. Ungamane uwafake ku-stimulator yokukhula kosuku bese uwagcina ongahluthi omanzi aze aqhume, bese uwatshala ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kulabo ababona imbewu okokuqala, kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlangothi okudingeka luboshwe emhlabathini.
Plumeria ezikhula kusuka imbewu ekhaya isithombe
Imbewu elukhuni ihluma izimpande ezinde, ezinde bese kuthi kukhishwe amaqabunga esikalini avikela imbewu. Kwesinye isikhathi izitshalo zidinga usizo: isikali sidinga ukuthanjiswa kahle futhi sisuswe ngokucophelela ngaphandle kokulimaza amaqabunga e-cotyledon.
Isithombe se-Shoots Plumeria
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezithombo kulula: izitshalo kufanele zinikezwe ukushisa, ukuthambisa okwanele nokukhanya okuhle. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa ezimbizeni ezingapheli, kuhle ukulungiselela izitshalo zokucindezela futhi ukondla ngomanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen. Itshalwe kabusha ngobunono ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande, kanye nesigaxa sobumba.
Ukusakazeka kwe-plumeria ngokusika
Ama-cuttings we-plumeria izithombe
Izimbambo ezisikiwe kubude be-15-20 cm futhi zingenamapheshana, imidwebo ihlanganiswa nokuthena, ukutshala amagatsha asezimbizeni. Izingxenye ezingezansi empeleni ziyindilinga, ezingaphezulu ziqondile. Kuyadingeka ukucwilisa kusuka ujusi bese usula indawo yezingcezu. Gxilisa ukusika kwenhlabathi ngesigamu, ngamasentimitha 8-10, bese udala izimo zokugcina ukushisa ngokuvala ngesikhwama noma izinkomishi zepulasitiki. Ukubamba imbala kuthatha izinyanga ezintathu.
Izinhlobo ezisikiwe zesithombe se-plumeria
Kuzoqhuma nini i-plumeria?
Izithombo ezitholwe embewu ziqala ukuqhakaza kuphela iminyaka engama-4-5 yokuphila. Etshalwe ngo-cuttings - ngemuva kweminyaka emibili.
Uma ungathenganga mbewu, kodwa uqoqwe esitshalweni sasekhaya, izithombo ngeke zigcine izici zesitshalo somzali. AmaSaplings akhula kusuka ku-cuttings azuza ifa ngokugcwele izici zamabhasi wesibeletho.
Kungani ama-plumeria engaqhakaza nokuthi angayenza kanjani ukuba iqhume?
I-Plumeria kungenzeka ingaqhakaza ngenxa yokungahambisani nemithetho yokuyinakekela:
- Besingekho isikhathi sokuphumula.
- Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, intamo yezimpande yangcwatshwa ngokujulile (kuyadingeka ukuligcina lelo zinga lokutshala ngesikhathi sokufakelwa).
- Ukukhanya okuncane noma isitshalo siyabanda.
- Izithombo ezitholakala embewu eqoqwe ku-hybrid. Kulokhu, izimbali azikwazi ukulinda.
Ngokuqinisekile i-Plumeria izodubula uma izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe lehliselwe ku-14-18 ° C ekwindla nasebusika futhi ukuthambisa kuphansi, futhi entwasahlobo ukuthambisa okuphindaphindwayo kuyaqaliswa futhi futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakanyiselwe ku-24-28 ° C.
Izifo kanye Nezinambuzane ze-Plumeria
I-Plumeria empeleni ayiguli, futhi ukuthambisa okweqile kuphela kungaholela ekubulaweni nasekufeni kwesitshalo. Uma imisebe yemini eqondile ingena, ukushiswa kungavela kumaqabunga nezimbali.
Isinambuzane esiyinhloko se-plumeria isigcawu sembuzane. Kuyadingeka ukuyilwa nayo ngokuqhubekayo, kaningana elapha lesi sitshalo ngama-insecticides, uhlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini izinambuzane.
