I-Aquilegia noma indawo yokubopha Imbewu Ukutshala nokunakekela Izithombe nevidiyo

I-Aquilegia (isiLatini: i-Aquilegia) iyisitshalo somhlobiso wokuqhakaza semvelo sama-herbaceous womndeni wamaRanunculaceae. Abantu bahlangana namagama noma ukuthandwa. Ososayensi bahlanganisa izinhlobo eziyikhulu zama-aquilegia ezihlala ezintabeni ezingxenyeni esenyakatho yeplanethi. Kutshalwa cishe izinhlobo ezingama-35.

Kunemibono eminingana maqondana nemvelaphi yegama. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi igama elithi "aquilegia" livela kwinhlanganisela ye-aqua (amanzi) nelegere (ukuqoqa). Ngokusho kwabanye, igama lalesi sitshalo livela egameni lesiLatini elithi "ukhozi" (aquila).

I-Aquilegia imbali isitshalo esivame kahle, esivame ukusetshenziswa kumalungiselelo wezimbali emibhedeni yezimbali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mbali kukhulunywa ngayo emisebenzini yobuciko emhlabeni. UShakespeare encwadini yakhe uHamlet ukhuluma ngezimbali ezingama-Columbine (lesi simila sibizwa eNgilandi), athi uLeertes asinike udadewabo u-Ophelia. Ungase futhi umbone emidwebweni, ngoba ngeNkathi Ephakathi wayewuphawu loMoya oNgcwele.

I-Aquilegia vulgaris White Barlow

Isitshalo sihamba ngomjikelezo ogcwele wokukhula kwawo eminyakeni emibili. Ezinyangeni zokuqala zomjikelezo, iphuzu elisha lokuvuselela likhula ezansi impela kwehlumela. Lapho izimbali ziphela, i-rosette egxilile iyavela nxazonke ekwindla. Ngonyaka olandelayo, okuluhlaza okotshani okuphuma kuyo kukhula kusha, ngoba okudala kuyafa. I-peduncle enezimbali namaqabunga esiqu ikhula kuphuma okusha.

Amaqabunga e-aquilegia aqoqana esitolo

Banama-petioles amade, amapuleti amaqabunga aphindwe kathathu. Amaqabunga akhula ezihlangeni awanayo i-petioles, amapuleti amaqabunga anezinto ezintathu. Izici zezimbali zimi ngale ndlela elandelayo: eyedwa, enemibala ehlukene (ophuzi, omhlophe, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi, owokugqashula, owokukhanya okunhlobonhlobo), ophethe, osayizi abahlukahlukene, imvamisa ama-petals noma amathuna ane-spurs adingekayo ukuze isitshalo siqongelele umpe.

Ama-Spurs akhula e-Alpine, e-Olimpiki, ejwayelekile, e-glandular, eCanada, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eyegolide, e-California aquilegia kanye ne-Skinner aquilegia. Lezi zinhlobo zikhula eYurophu naseMelika. Izitshalo ezikhula eChina naseJapan zakha izimbali ngaphandle kwama-spurs. Ukutholwa kwakha izithelo ngendlela yamaqabunga anamaqabunga aqukethe imbewu encane enobuthi enombala omnyama, ukuqhakaza kwayo okuhlala izinyanga eziyi-12.

Ukutshala imbewu ye-Aquilegia Isikhathi sokutshala nini?

Ungakhula kanjani i-aquilegia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Indlela eshibhile yokwandisa isitshalo ukutshala. Izimbali ze-Aquilegia kusuka imbewu zitholakala kahle ekhaya.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlwanyela i-aquilegia:

Ukutshala imbewu ye-aquilegia ngqo emhlabathini kuyindlela elula yokusabalalisa.

1. Engadini. Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuhlwanyela ngqo ngosuku lokuqoqwa kwembewu. Ngentwasahlobo, imbewu izobhoboza, ikhule kalula emhlabathini, iqiniswe, bese kuthi kamuva amahlumela adluliselwe endaweni engapheli.

2. Ukuhlwanyela i-aquilegia ekhaya. Labo abangakwazi ukuhlwanyela indawo etholakala kuyo ngokushesha, baqoqe imbewu nendawo ebandayo kuze kube sentwasahlobo: lokhu kuzoba ukwakhiwa kwe-aquilegia, efana nale yemvelo. Ukuhlwanyela izinto ngeke kugcinwe kanjalo, kepha kungcono ukukuxuba nengxube yenhlabathi ukuze ukuhluma kungonakali. Entwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kukaMashi, bakhipha imbewu esiqandisini, basuse iminonjana yomhlaba, bayitshala ezitsheni ngokukhanyisela kodwa inamanzi amaningi. Amahlumela aqhuma isikhathi eside, kungcono uma isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa. Lapho nje ubona amahlumela, ifilimu kufanele isuswe. I-Aquilegia ikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ekhaya ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili: ngalesi sikhathi izokwazi ukufakela izitshalo emhlabathini.

Izithombo ze-Aquilegia

Ukwakheka okuhle kwe-substrate kungokulandelayo:

• isihlabathi;
• ishidi lomhlaba;
• humus, konke ngamanani alinganayo.

1. Imbewu ibekwa ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi, bese ifafazwa ngoqweqwe olufanayo lwe-3 mm. Isitsha simbozwe nge-burlap futhi sibekwe endaweni emnyama ngeqondo lokushisa elilungile le-16-18 ºC.
2. Qiniseka ukuthi umhlaba uhlala umswakama, ngoba inani elijwayelekile lamanzi liyisici esibalulekile sokutshala ngempumelelo kwe-aquilegia kusuka imbewu.
3. Amahlumela aluhlaza aqhuma ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-14. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi balindele ukwakheka kwamaqabunga amabili eqiniso. Lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi lesi sitshalo singangena emanzini ngokucophelela ezinkomishini ezihlukile.

Ngemuva kwenyanga, ungatshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Umzuzu ofanayo kwenzeka phakathi kwentwasahlobo - ngo-Ephreli-Meyi.

Ividiyo mayelana nokutshala i-aquilegia kusuka imbewu:

Ubuhle baphendula kahle kakhulu ekunakekelweni okuyisisekelo, ngakho-ke ngokuqinisekile ngeke kube nezinkinga ngokukhula.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa kwangaphandle kwe-Aquilegia

Abalimi abangenalwazi badinga ukwazi izinto ezimbili ngokutshala isichibi sokugcina amanzi - ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani futhi nini. Ake sibacabangele ngemininingwane eminingi.

Imbewu ye-Aquilegia

1. Lapho i-aquilegia itshalwe emhlabathini. Kutshalwe izithombo eziluhlaza ehlobo, ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Indawo yokuqala yokulinyelwa enhlabathini akuyona eyokuqala, kepha isebenza kuphela ngokukhula. Lapho isitshalo esincane siwele emhlabathini ovulekile, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo akuweli phezu kwalo, ngaphandle kwalokho imifino izomane ishise.

Ngo-Agasti, izithombo zidluliselwe endaweni yokuhlala yaphakade. Awungekhe ukhethe indawo okufanele ibe semthunzini, kepha tshala isitshalo nomaphi lapho uthanda khona, ngoba izihlahla ezakhiwe azifi ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuphila yelanga isikhathi esifushane sokuqhakaza, izici ezimbi kakhulu zezimbali ngokwazo. Lesi sitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza ezinyangeni ezingama-24 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, bese siba ihlumela elikhuliswe ngokuphelele ekupheleni konyaka wesithathu.

Ukufika kwe-Aquilegia nesithombe sokunakekelwa

2. Ungawela kanjani emhlabathini ovulekile. I-Aquilegia isitshalo esingathobeki, ngakho-ke, iyakhula kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, kepha ikhetha isakhi esilinganiselwe esimanzi, esinomswakama nesikhanyayo. Ukuthuthukisa kangcono imbali, ngaphambi kokuyitshala enhlabathini, isiza sithukululwe, sitshelwe, kuxutshwe inhlabathi ngomquba kanye ne-humus, wengeze ngesibalo sebhakede eli-1 nge-cubic yomhlaba.

• Bamba ngokuqala okungu-20 cm.
• Ngemuva kwalokho i-aquilegia itshalwa ngesilinganiso samayunithi ayi-10-12 kumitha yesikwere ngasinye.
• Inani lezimbali lingashintsha ngokuya ngosayizi wazo, ubude, inhloso yombhede wezimbali.
• I-aquilegia enkulu ikhule endaweni eyi-40 cm, futhi emincane - 25 cm.

Ngemuva kokutshala izitshalo ngaleso sikhathi, udinga ukuziqapha, ngoba i-aquilegia iyazitshala. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuvumela ukukhula okunjalo, futhi ngemuva kweminyaka engu-5 ukususa izitshalo ezitshaliwe ezindala, kusale ezincane ezazitshaliwe ngokwazo.

Yini i-aquilegia ethanda ukushiya?

Isithombe se-Aquilegia sezimbali

Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwanoma yiziphi izimbali idinga ukuhambisana namasu ezolimo: ukunisela, ukugcina inhlabathi isesimweni esifanele, ukugqoka phezulu nokususa ukhula, kuqinisekisa ukukhula okujwayelekile. Uma sikhuluma nge-aquilegia, lesi sitshalo sithanda umswakama, futhi lokhu kungenxa yezimpawu zohlelo lwezimpande. Le mbali inezimpande ezijulile emhlabathini, ngakho-ke ayisetshenziselwa ukoma ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama.

Ubuhle abaziqhenyayo abubekezeleli ubukhona botshani bokhula esakhiweni, ikakhulukazi esemncane. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwenza ukhula njalo, futhi ukhulule inhlabathi ukuze kugcinwe umswakama isikhathi eside kuyo. Isitshalo sidinga ukondliwa njalo ukuze kufezekiswe izimbali ezinhle nezinde.

Ukondla kabili ngesizini

Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ingxube ye-superphosphate, i-nitrate ne-potassium usawoti ifakwa ngesilinganiso sama-50 g, 25 g no-15 g ngemitha ngayinye, ngokulandelana. Futhi eduze maphakathi nehlobo, kufakwa isisombululo se-mullein emhlabathini. Leli nani lomanyolo lingaphezu kwenele.

Ukusakazwa kwemifino kwe-aquilegia: ukusikwa kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla

I-Aquilegia vulgaris

Le mbali ingatshalwa esizeni hhayi ngokuhlwanyela kuphela, kodwa nangendlela yokusabalalisa imifino. Ngakho-ke, izimbali ze-aquilegia zibekezelela ngempumelelo ukusikwa nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Indlela yokugcina yenziwa akuvamile, kuphela uma kunesidingo, woza izinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo sibhekana nobuhlungu esikhathini sokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Okokuqala, i-aquilegia inezimpande ezinde kakhulu, kanti okwesibili, zintekenteke, ngakho-ke isitshalo asihlali kahle ngemuva kokusebenza okunjalo.

Uma ukuhlukana kungenakugwenywa

Kukhethwe isihlahla esidala kakhulu (iminyaka engama-3-5), esisuswa ngokuphelele emhlabathini ngentwasahlobo, sizama ukugcina zonke izimpande. Lapho-ke ingxenye engezansi yesitshalo iyagezwa, bese engxenyeni engenhla icishe inqunywe ngokuphelele, ishiye ihlumela nje elincanyana kanye namaqabunga asanda kuvela.

Ingxenye ende ekude ihlukanisa impande enkulu nesiqu sibe izingxenye ezimbili, ihlukanisa ukuze isitshalo ngasinye esisha sibe nezinhlamvu okungenani ezimbili zokuphinda sizalwe kanye nezimpande ezincane. Ngemuva kokusika, izingxenye eziveziwe zezimpande zifafazwa ngamalahle, emva kwalokho izitshalo ezihlukanisiwe zikhule isikhashana emabhokisini, kuyilapho ziqala izimpande futhi zijwayele ukungenelela okubukhali okunjalo.

Ukusika - kulula kakhulu inqubo yokuzalanisa i-aquilegia

Yisebenzise futhi entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokusungulwa kohlelo olusha oluyisiqalo. Sebethole isibhamu esincane, basikhipha kanye “nesithende”. Okulandelayo, umkhiqizo wezimpande usetshenziswa engxenyeni engesihle eshisiwe, emva kwalokho isiqu sitshalwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa.

Indawo ebamba ukushisa ethuthukisiwe akufanele ithintwe izinsuku eziyishumi, ngenkathi kubhekwa njalo ukubakhona komswakama enhlabathini. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3-4, isiqu sithathwa sinezimpande ngokuphelele futhi silungele ukufakelwa ezweni elivulekile ukuze kube nendawo engapheli yokukhula.

Izifo ze-Aquilegia, izinambuzane

I-Aquilegia i-aquilegia i-winky ephindwe kabili ebomvu imhlophe

Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo sihlushwa ukubonakala kwe-grey bola, ukugqwala, i-powdery hlobo. Isifo sokuqala kumele silwe ngobudlova, sishise wonke amaqabunga athintekile. Ukugqwala kungalashwa ngokungeza amalungiselelo wesibabule kwekhambi lokufafaza noma ingxube ye-sulfate yethusi kanye nesisombululo sensipho.

I-Powdery isikhutha, inhlanganisela emhlophe yokuvuvukala kwesinye isikhathi ihlala kulesi simila, lapho kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokuqothula - phatha imifino ngesixazululo se-salfa nesaladi yokuwasha eluhlaza. Lesi sixazululo siyasebenza futhi siba nempilo yezitshalo.

Uma sibheka izinambuzane ezinambuzane, imvamisa imbali ithintwa ngama-aphid, ama-scoops, ama-nematode, izibungu zesicabucabu. Kufanele alwe ngosizo lwe-actellik, karbofos, yarrow paste. Uma sikhuluma ngama-nematode, kungcono ukukhohlwa ngokutshalwa kwe-aquilegia kule ndawo, ngoba inegciwane elingenathemba futhi idinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside ngama-acaricidal agents.

I-Aquilegia ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali

Aquilegia Nora Barlow Aquilegia Nora Barlow isithombe

I-Aquilegia iyabukeka kuphela lapho izimbali. Lapho izimbali zomile, isiqu singasuswa ngokusika eduze kwendawo ethengisa impahla. Izinsalela zezitshalo ezinempilo zithunyelwa komquba, kepha uma kukhona okushaywayo, kuzofakwa umlilo ukuze kungatheleleki umhlabathi ngezifo noma izinambuzane eziyingozi ngokuzayo.

Uma kudingekile ukuqoqa imbewu, ama-peduncle amahle kakhulu awagawulwa, kepha ashiywe kuze kufike imbewu. Ukuvimbela okusanhlamvu kungaweli emhlabathini, babeka ukugqokwa kwezithelo ezitsheni lapho imbewu izoqoqwa khona. Isikhathi ngemuva kwezimbali sihamba phambili ekusakazeni. Ungatshala imbewu ebusika, uhlukanise isihlahla bese wenza okunye okokukhombisa.

Ubusika be-Aquilegia

Izimbali Zase-Aquilegia

Ngaphambi kobusika, udinga ukulungiselela isitshalo ukubanda. Amahlathi amadala aneminyaka engama-4-5 ubudala aqala ukuphuma ezimpandeni kusuka emhlabathini, okuthinta kabi ukukhula kwama-greenery amasha ngokuzayo nezimbali. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ngemuva kokulungisa i-aquilegia ebusika, vala izimpande ezivelayo nge-humus kwinhlanganisela ne-peat. Ngenxa yalokhu kusebenza, lesi sitshalo sizothola ukuvikeleka kwisithwathwa nasezintweni ezintsha eziwusizo, ezidingekile ngesikhathi sobusika.

Izinhlobo ze-Aquilegia

I-Terry aquilegia

Yize abacwaningi emvelweni behlukanisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ze-aquilegia, eziningi zazo azitshalwa ngokwemvelo. Emibhedeni yezimbali ungathola izinhlobo ezilandelayo kuphela.

I-Aquilegia Alpine (Aquilegia alpina). Isitshalo esincane, esingama-30 cm amade (enhlabathini evundisiwe - ukuya kuma-80 cm). Inezimbali zikanokusho ezinobubanzi obungu-8 cm, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezine-spurs emfishane egobile. Isikhathi sezimbali - Juni-Julayi.

I-Aquilegia enjenge-fan (I-Aquilegia flabellata). Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kukhulu - 60 cm, kepha izimbali zincane - kuya ku-5-6 cm. Amaqabunga akuma rosette ayimpinda kathathu, ku-petioles ende. Izimbali zihlukaniswa ngama-spurs amade kakhulu agobile. I-peduncle eyodwa iqukethe izimbali ezi-nsomi ezi-brown ezi-5 ezinomngcele ongabonakali kahle. Le aquilegia ibekezelela kahle amaqhwa, iphindaphindeka ngokushesha, inezinga eliphakeme lokuzimela.

I-Aquilegia vulgaris William Guility

I-Aquilegia vulgaris (I-Aquilegia vulgaris). Inokuphakama okungama-40-80 cm, ikhula eYurophu. Izimbali zingamasentimitha ayi-5 ububanzi; umbala uvela kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya onsomi. Lokhu kuyasebenza kubantu basendle. Ngokwesiko, kunezinhlobo zonke zezinhlobonhlobo ezinemibala ehlukene, ubungako be-terry, abanye abakwaSpurs, abanye ngaphandle. E-Russia, le nhlobo ilungele kangcono ukulinyelwa, ngoba isinda ku-35 ºC;

IHybrid Aquilegia

IHybrid Aquilegia (I-Aquilegia hybrida). Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zalolu hlobo zitholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-aquilegia vulgaris kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zaseMelika. Isitshalo mude kakhulu, kufinyelela kumitha eyi-1. Ezinye izinhlobo zinama-spurs osayizi abahlukahlukene, ezinye azinayo. Uhlobo luhlukaniswa izimbali ezinkulu eziphindwe kabili noma ezilula zamasenti.

I-Aquilegia chrysantha aquilegia

I-Aquilegia Goldflower (I-Aquilegia chrysantha). Imbali ivela eMelika. Inombala wegolide omnandi nama-spurs amakhulu. Ingatshalwa ngempumelelo eRussia, ngoba ibekezelela kahle ubusika nesomiso kahle. Yize lolu hlobo lungathandwa kakhulu nathi, izicelo zalo bezikhula muva nje.

I-Aquilegia Canilegia Canadensis canadensis

I-Aquilegia Canadian (I-Aquilegia canadensis). Ivela eNyakatho Melika, inezimbali ezibomvu eziphuzi futhi ziqonde ku-petals. Ngokungafani neyedlule, izinhlobo azibekezeleli isomiso kanye nokukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Endaweni yethu ayithandwa.

I-Aquilegia amnyama i-aquilegia atrata

I-Aquilegia emnyama (I-Aquilegia atrata). Inomsuka waseYurophu. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungamasentimitha angama-30-80, umbala wamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nezimbali zingububende obumnyama. Izimbali zincanyana, ziyisi-3-4 cm ubude, zinama-spurs amafushane. Izinhlobo ziyahlukahluka ngokuthi amankonyane aphuma kakhulu ngaphezulu kwezimbali. Isikhathi sezimbali - Meyi-Juni. Khulisa i-aquilegia emnyama emthunzini oyingxenye. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziselwa ukukhethwa kwe nzalo egeleza ubumnyama. Kusetshenziselwe ukusikwa.

I-Aquilegia Olimpiki i-Aquilegia olympica

I-Aquilegia Olimpiki (I-Aquilegia olympica). Ikhula eCaucasus, e-Asia Minor, e-Iran. Ukuphakama okumaphakathi kungamasentimitha angama-30-60. Isiqu sinobunzima obukhulu. Izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zikhula zifinyelela ku-10 cm ubukhulu. Isikhathi sezimbali - Meyi-Juni.

I-Aquilegia isikhumba se-Aquilegia isikhumba sesikhumba

I-Skinner Aquilegia (I-Aquilegia skinneri). Izinhlobo zaseNyakatho Melika zibonakaliswa ubulukhuni obuphakathi nobusika (kufika ku -12 ºC). Blooms in red and yellow, nge spurs iqonde kuma-petals.

I-Aquilegia barlow

I-Aquilegia Barlow - Izinhlobo zezimbali ezinkulu, izimbali zifinyelela cm ayi-10. I-Perianth kabili ibukeka kahle kakhulu. Amathuna aqhakazile aphenduka abe yiSpurs. Ikhula emthunzini oyingxenye, eziqhakaza kuze kube ekwindla.

Lokhu, yiqiniso, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezimbali ezinhle ezithakazelisa abalimi nabafuyi bezitshalo. Emasimini nasezimbali zezimbali ungathola i-aquilegia acutifolia, izimbali ezincane, ezinemibala emibili, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iBertoloni, okuluhlaza okotshani, i-ecalkarat, i-Ferruginous, iSiberia nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane.

Ukubanjwa kwama-Olimpiki