Isakhiwo esinezindlu ezibukeka ngendlela enesizotha njenge-siderasis. Akuhehi ukuhlaba umxhwele ngamahlamvu akhangayo noma ngezimbali zawo. Futhi ukuqonda konke okusuka kanye nobunye be-siderasis, udinga ukuyibuka. Ngemuva kwakho konke, lowo mkhawulo kanye nokuthungwa okunjalo akutholakali phakathi kwe-begonias noma phakathi kwama-orchid amahle. Futhi yize ama-siderasis ehlala ezifuywayo zasekamelweni kungewona wonke umuntu, ubuhle bawo obukhethekile bufanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile.
I-Siderasis brownish (Siderasis fuscata).
Hhayi siderasis elula yokuhlobisa futhi deciduous
Abamele uhlobo olufanayo lwe-Siderasis akuzona izitshalo eziningi kakhulu, kepha zikhethekile ngemvelo. Ngisho negama elithi ama-siderasys lalithola onqenqemeni olungafani naluhlobo lwezinwele ezivele obala, ezigqwala ubomvu (isikhulu esivela kulokho okwakuthiwa "iron", isiGrikhi "izindlebe" - ngesimo sabo nomphetho omfushane). Ama-Siderasys amele umndeni Kommelinovyh (Commelinaceae) Lesi isihlobo esiseduze se-tradescantia, okulula ukuqagela ngokuthungwa kanye nohlobo lwamahlamvu. Izindawo ezishisayo zaseLatin America ziyindawo yemvelo yama-siderasis.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwendabuko kwezindlu zezindlu kungaba izimbali eziqhakazayo noma izitshalo ezinotshani obumangalisayo kuyimpikiswano kakhulu esimweni se-siderasis. Lesi sitshalo kunzima ukusisho kunoma yisiphi isigaba, ngoba ngisho nezinkanyezi ezihlobisa-zizoba eziphansi ngokuya ngezici zobuhle. Kuyafaneleka kakhulu ukuyibeka phezulu njengezitshalo zasendlini ezikhethekile, ezihlukile futhi "ezingajwayelekile" ezilungele kuphela labo abafuna izinkanyezi ezingavamile "ezisontekile". Kanye nabathandi bemidwebo emihle yemiphetho engaphandle kwangaphandle, nakho okudinga ukubhekisisa.
Siderasis (Siderasis) - Ama-perennials e-herbaceous, ukumelwa kwezinhlobo zazo ezinesizotha kakhulu. Uhlobo okuwukuphela kwalo olutshalwe njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa futhi olwethulwa emasikweni angaphakathi brownishis brownish (Siderasis fuscata, ngaphambili eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-tradescantia brownish (Tradescantia fuscata). Lesi sitshalo esinomusa, esikhula kalula, esibonakala kalula, sakha ama-rosette amahle kusuka emaqabungeni amakhulu ezihlahleni ezifushaniswe, sanda njalo ububanzi. Ama-Siderasys ezimweni ezintofontofo akha imicamelo eminyene enamaqabunga kusuka emaqabunga amakhulu, angabalwa phakathi kwabavikeli benhlabathi abamba ukushisa. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwezihlahla kukhawulelwe ku-40 cm.
Amaqabunga e-siderasis anamanzi, angama-oval-lingual, afinyelela ku-20 cm ubude futhi afinyelela ku-10 cm. Umbala onsomi wangemuva wamaqabunga uhlanganiswe ithoni eluhlaza e-muffled, e-swampy-olive green ohlangothini olungaphezulu, egcizelelwa yi-veinish whitish central vein. Umbala awulingani, kugcizelelwa futhi umkhawulo ongajwayelekile obomvu onsundu. Ukubonakaliswa okucwebezelayo kwamaqabunga kunikeza isitshalo ukuthungwa okhethekile, okuthi, kanye nengaphezulu le-pubescent, kufana nezindwangu zikanokusho.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-brownish sideisis kuvame ukungafani, kepha kuhlobisa isitshalo. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza kuma-inflorescence apical-flow-flow amancane ukusuka kuMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba. Izimbali ezincane ezintathu ezinamatshe amancane zihlala kumagumbi amfishane amafushane, zimile ngokusobala ngokungafani nesizinda samaqabunga ngenxa yemibala yama-lilac-violet acrylic enemibala nama-anther amahle amahle amfushane amhlophe. Izimbali zenza ukuba ama-siderasis bush abuke futhi zikunikeze ukubukeka kwesimanje, futhi futhi kugcizelela ukubukeka okungatheni okuvamile, okhiye abangaphansi, okubukeka obuluhlaza obuluhlaza. Kubukeka sengathi izimbali namaqabunga kungokwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.
I-Siderasis brownish (Siderasis fuscata).
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ama-Siderasis izindlela zokukhohlisa ezilula. Hhayi ukubukeka okuthandekayo, kubonakala sengathi, kufanele kuhambisane nokulula kokutshala. Kepha ama-sideracises awanakubalwa njengezitshalo ezinakekela kalula. Ziyehlisa izinga lokushisa komoya noma ukukhanyisa, kepha konke okuhlobene nokuthambisa kugcwele ubunzima obukhulu. Isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa ngokucophelela kanye nomswakama ophezulu. I-Siderasis kulula ukuyikhulisa e-florarium kunasemakamelweni ajwayelekile. Kepha ngendlela enakekela futhi enomthwalo wemfanelo, empeleni ngeke afune izindlela ezikhethekile.
Ukukhanya kwe-Siderasis
Inzuzo enkulu ye-siderasis ukubekezelela umthunzi. Lesi sitshalo asikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo futhi ngokushesha siphulukana nokuvela kwalo okuhle kufasitela elikhanyayo futhi elinelanga. Ama-Siderasys aveza ubuhle bawo kuphela ekukhanyiseni okungafani. Izinga lokubekezelela isithunzi sesitshalo lihlolwe kangcono lilinye, lihambisa ezindaweni ezinomthunzi futhi libona amaqabunga akhula abasha. I-Siderasis ayinakuma isithunzi esiqinile, ilahlekelwe imibala yayo ebukeka futhi yelule, kepha ezindaweni ezinombala omnyama iveza ubuhle bayo ngokuphelele.
Kwama-siderasis, izindawo ezisezindongeni ezisenyakatho noma endaweni ekude ukusuka kumafasitela wendlela ehlukile kufanelekile.
Ama-Siderasys angawezinye zezindlu ezihlala endlini eziqonda ukukhanya okufakwayo ngendlela efanayo nokukhanya kwemvelo. Zingatshalwa ngokuphelele ekukhanyiseni okufakwayo noma kunxephezelwe ingxenye ethile ngokufaka umhluzi (ubukhulu bokukhanya kokukhanya cishe buyi-2500 lux).
Ukushisa okunethezekayo
Ama-Siderasys akhula kahle ezimweni ezijwayelekile zegumbi. Lezi izitshalo ze-thermophilic ezingakwazi ukubekezelela ukwehla ukuya kumazinga ayi-15 okushisa futhi zingaphenduki kahle ezinguquko eziqinile zokushisa komoya. Lapho amazinga okushisa ehla aze afike kuma-degrees ayi-14, isitshalo siyafa. Ehlobo, i-siderasis izizwa kahle ezimweni ezifudumele, ebusika kuyalulekwa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa okungenani ngamadigri ambalwa uma kuqhathaniswa nesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo.
Izinkomba ezifanele ze-siderasis zivela kuma-degrees angama-22 kuye kwangama-25 ehlobo kanye nama-degrees angama-18-21 okushisa ebusika. Isitshalo asithandi ukushisa ngendlela efanayo nelanga eliqondile.
Ukunisela kwe-Siderasis kanye nomswakama
Njengama-tradescantias ahlobene, ama-siderasys azwela ukunisela okungafanele, umswakama omningi womhlabathi. Ukuswakama kuholela ekubukekeni kokubola futhi kubeka sonke isitshalo engcupheni, ngakho-ke nisela ngokucophelela i-siderasis ngokucophelela. Phakathi kokunisela kungcono ukubheka njalo ukuthi ngabe ungqimba olungaphezulu lohlaka olungaphansi selomile, ukugwema ukukhukhumeza ngokweqile. Izinkomba zokuswakama kwenhlabathi zisiza ukwenza izinqubo zibe lula. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, umswakama we-siderasis substrate wehliselwa phansi, okuvumela inhlabathi nengqimba eliphakathi ukuba lome kancane. Ukuguqulwa kokunisela, ukuncishiswa kwabo kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane, kwandise isikhathi phakathi kokuchelela ngesikhathi sokuwa nokunciphisa inqubo kube ubuncane kuphela ekuqaleni kobusika. Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kokunisela okusebenzayo nakho kwenziwa ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka. Ama-Siderasys awavikeleki isomiso, ukomiswa okuphelele kwethambo lobumba kuholela hhayi kuphela ekomiseni okuncane kwamaqabunga, kodwa futhi nokuma okuphelele kokukhula kanye nokulahleka okungenzeka kokunye kokuluhlaza, ukubuyiselwa okude kakhulu kokuhlobisa.
Kwi-siderasis, ungasebenzisa kuphela amanzi okushisa kwawo ahambelana nezinga lokushisa lesitho esingaphansi komhlaba noma umoya egumbini. Ukunisela kuyadingeka ukuze ngisho namaconsi amancane kakhulu angawa emaqabungeni, ukusika kwawo noma isiqu. Ake sithi ukuchelela kokubili okungaphansi futhi okuphansi, futhi kukhula ezitsheni ngokunisela okuzenzakalelayo. Amanzi akufanele abe athambile kuphela, kodwa futhi alungiswe kahle.
I-Sideracis ibonisa ubuntu bayo be-tropical ngokuthanda umswakama ophezulu kakhulu. Amanani aphansi avumelekile walesi sitshalo angama-70%. Isitshalo asikwazi ukukhula emakamelweni okuhlala ajwayelekile ngaphandle komswakama owengeziwe, ikakhulukazi sihlushwa umoya owomile ehlobo nangesikhathi sokushisa. Umphetho, onikeza i-siderasis ushiya umphumela okhethekile wokuhlobisa, futhi ungumthombo wobunzima obukhulu ekunakekelweni: ukufafaza ngeke kusetshenziselwe ukwandisa umswakama womoya osizungeze isitshalo. Kulesi siko, izinkomba zomswakama zandiswa kuphela ukufakwa kwama-humidifiers - amadivaysi akhethekile noma ama-analoges awo, amaphallet ngamatshe amanzi, ubumba olwandisiwe, i-moss. Uma kungekho ithuba lokufaka ama-humidifiers, khona-ke lesi sitshalo singatshalwa kuphela ku-florarium.
I-Siderasis brownish (Siderasis fuscata).
Ukudla KweSiderasis
I-Siderasis ayithandi izakhamzimba eziningi emhlabathini, ngakho-ke, ukufakwa umquba kuyo kwenziwa ngokunembe kakhudlwana kunezinye izitshalo zasendlini. Umanyolo ungafakwa kuphela ngefomu lewuketshezi, ngamanzi wokunisela, futhi kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo.
Ama-Siderasys akhetha umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wendawo yonke. Kubo, awukwazi ukusebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo zokuhlobisa nezithathwa kalula. Umthamo onconyelwe wanoma yimuphi umanyolo uhanjiswa nge-siderasis.
Imvamisa yokondla okulungiselelwe - isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-10 noma isikhathi esi-1 emavikini ama-2
I-Siderasis transplant kanye ne-substrate
Kwi-siderasis, ukufakelwa kwonyaka akuyona into engathandeki kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyingozi kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sakha uhlelo lwezimpande olubuthakathaka, futhi lukhula kancane kancane, ngakho-ke, ngisho nasezitsheni ezinkulu, kudlula iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi kokugcwalisa inhlabathi. Imvamisa efanelekile yokufakelwa kwe-siderasis isikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni eyi-2-3.
Amakhono we-siderasis akhethwa phakathi kweziqukathi ezivumela izimpande ukuba zikhule ngokuyinhloko endizeni enezingqimba. Izitsha ezingashoni, eziphakathi nendawo zifanelekile.
Isendlalelo sokukhula lesi sincintisana se-tradescantia silungele noma ngubani - kusuka phakathi kwezingxube zomhlaba zomhlaba ezivulekile. Ngokungezansi kwe-substrate ethengiwe, ungasebenzisa ingxube yomhlabathi elula esekelwe enhlabathini yamaqabunga, kuyo engezwe uhhafu wethamo lesihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi ye-turf. Kwi-siderasis, ukusabela kwenhlabathi okungu-5.0 kuya ku-7.0 kuyamukeleka (izingxenyana ezingathathi hlangothi futhi ezinama-acidic).
Lapho udlulisa i-siderasis, into esemqoka ukusindisa isigaxa esikhulu sobumba ezizungeze izimpande (ungasusa kuphela inhlabathi yamahhala) ubeke ungqimba ophakeme (ongafika ku-1/3) we-draargege-graised drainage ngaphansi kwezimbiza.
Izifo ze-Siderasis nezinambuzane
Ama-Siderasys amelana kakhulu nezinambuzane nezifo futhi ahlupheka ngokunakekelwa okungafanele. Emoyeni owomile noma esimweni sokunganakwa, asongelwa izibungu zesicabucabu nezinambuzane ezikhulukazi, kuthi lapho zigcwele amanzi, zisongelwa yizo zonke izinhlobo zokubola. Kungcono ukubhekana nezinkinga ngokuphelele, kepha udinga ukuqala ngokulungiswa kokunakekelwa.
Izinkinga ezivamile ekukhuleni kwe-siderasis:
- ukomiswa kwamathiphu amaqabunga emoyeni owomile noma lapho womile ongaphansi;
- ukuqothuka, ukunwebeka kwamaqabunga kanye namahlumela ku-shading eqinile;
- kuphuzi kwamaqabunga ngokukhanya okukhulu kakhulu;
- ukuguqulwa kombala, umbala onsundu wamaqabunga ngokushwabana.
I-Siderasis brownish (Siderasis fuscata).
Ukusakazeka kwe-Siderasis
Ama-Siderasys akhiqiza ngendlela eyodwa kuphela - ukwahlukaniswa kwezihlahla zabantu abadala. Ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezincanyana ezimbalwa kungenzeka nganoma yikuphi ukufakelwa. Into esemqoka ukuzama ukuxhumana nezimpande kancane ngangokunokwenzeka, sebenzisa amathuluzi abukhali ukusika ngokushesha izihlahla nokuvikela isitshalo emoyeni owomile nokukhanya okukhanyayo emasontweni ambalwa okuqala emva kokufakelwa.
Kungenzeka ukukhulisa i-siderasis kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kepha le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ukongiwa kwezitshalo ezincane kuyaqabukela kakhulu ngaphandle kokufakwa okulawulwayo kwezindawo zezimbali zezimboni.
