Ezincwadini zakwamanye amazwe, ama-rhododendrons angamalungu eqembu lezitshalo ezikhula emthunzini kanye ne-penumbra. Lezi zitatimende zithuthele ezincwadini zaseRussia. Kodwa-ke, ukutshala kwama-Rhododendrons ezindaweni ezinomthunzi kufanelekile kuphela eNtshonalanga Yurophu.
Sizokutshela ngokutshala nokunakekela ama-rhododendrons enkabeni yeRussia, lapho amazinga okushisa ehlobo eqala ukushisa futhi eshisayo. Uzophinde uthole izincomo ngokusatshalaliswa kwama-rhododendrons, transplantation and top dress, funda ukuthi ungakhula kanjani ama-Rhododendrons ebusika, futhi-ke, ungabona izithombe zama-Rhododendrons engadini nakuklamo lwendawo.
Lezi zitshalo zidinga ukushisa hhayi kuphela ukuze zikhule, kodwa futhi nokutshala izimbali zezimbali. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukhethe izindawo ezivulekile ezinelanga elinomthunzi oyisitha ntambama, ukuze ama-Rhododendrons angangqedi “ekuqaleni” kwentwasahlobo naseminyakeni engandile ngezikhathi zasehlobo ezishisayo ikakhulukazi (ungazifihla ngalesi sikhathi). Ezinhlotsheni ezinqabayo, izindawo ezivulekile ngokuphelele nazo kufanelekile.
Ungatshala kanjani i-Rhododendron
Njengama-roses, ama-rhododendrons awathandi imimoya nohlaka, ngakho-ke indawo kufanele ivikelwe kuyo, futhi ohlangothini olusenyakatho, kumele kuvikelwe ngendlela yezakhiwo noma ezitshale izitshalo ezinde. Ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezingavikelekile, ama-evergreens kanye nezinhlobo ezithile ezinqobayo zihlupheka ebusika ngenxa yomoya oshubayo.
I-Rhododendron ingatshalwa eduze kwezihlahla nezihlahlana ezinde, kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amadwala anezimpande ezisebenza ngokweqile, njenge-birch, linden, maple, willow, njll, awalungeli njengomakhelwane.Amapayini, adala impumelelo ye-biocenosis ngalezi zilimo, angomakhelwane abahle kakhulu .
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-Rhododendron, qiniseka ukuthi awekho ama-rose bush eduze. Akunconywa ukutshala lezi zitshalo ngama roses - zinezidingo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu zezimo zenhlabathi. Ama-Rhododendrons engadini ayizitshalo zasendulo ezinamandla, kanti ukuba khona kwe-calcium enhlabathini noma kumanyolo kuyazilimaza. Ngakho-ke, isimo sesibili sokutshala ngempumelelo kwalesi sitshalo ukudalwa kwezimo zenhlabathi ezifanele.
Ungakhula kanjani iRhododendron
Indawo ekhethiwe kufanele iphakanyiswe ngaphezu kwenhlabathi ejwayelekile futhi ikhishwe kahle (ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-Rhododendrons ayizitshalo zasezintabeni) ukuze amanzi angagxili ndawo, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngesikhathi seqhwa nasekwindla ngenkathi yezimvula ezinde. Lapho udala drainage, i-limestone nezinye izinto eziqukethe lime azikwazi ukusetshenziswa. Abanye abalimi babona umswakama walezi izihlahla njengesidingo sokugcwalisa izitshalo, kwakheka uhlobo lwesixhaphozi. Leli elinye iphutha, ngoba umswakama owedlulele uholela ekuboshweni kwentambo yezimpande yezitshalo.
Kulungiselelwe umgodi okhethekile wokutshala, ngoba inhlabathi evamile engadini ayifanele izitshalo. Izingxube zokutshala ezenziwe Ready ezenziwe ngama-Rhododendrons manje sezithengisiwe, kepha ungazilungiselela ngokwakho le ngxube. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa inhlabathi yengadi (loam), humus kanye nehhashi sphagnum peat (1: 1: 3-4). Kuhle ukufaka imfucumfucu ye-coniferous udoti noma ophakathi nendawo enhlanganisweni. I-Lowland peat ayilungele le njongo, ngoba inesakhiwo sothuli esinomthelela ekubandakanyeni kwenhlabathi. Ngaphandle kokungezelela kwe-loam, ngomiswa okuqinile, inhlabathi inzima ukufutheka, amanzi azosakazekela emaphethelweni, futhi isigaxa ngaphakathi siyohlala somile. I-substrate kufanele ibe yi-acidic (pH 4.5-5.5), ixege, ingene emoyeni futhi ingene emanzini.
Imigodi yokutshala yenziwa angajulile (40-50 cm), ngoba izitshalo zinesistimu ehlanganisiwe yezimpande, futhi ububanzi buqunywa ngosayizi wesihlahla somuntu omdala, kuzitshalo ezinkulu zingamasentimitha angama-80-100.Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo linqunywa ngobubanzi bomqhele wesihlahla somuntu osekhulile futhi sibalwa njengesilinganiso semisebe yomqhele wamakhasi. .
Ukufakelwa kweRhododendron
Ungatshala izitshalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ngoba kufanele zithengwe kuphela ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvaliwe. Kepha ukufakelwa kwe-Rhododendron kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezimbali noma ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Lapho uthenga izithombo, unaka okulandelayo:
Inhlabathi esebhodweni kufanele ibe nomswakama, kepha ingabi ngubumba.
Uma ibhodwe lisuswa ngobunzima, kusho ukuthi lo ungqimba olwalukulo wawubumbeke kakhulu futhi kufanele usikwe ngommese obukhali bese “ubila” inhlabathi ezindaweni eziningana eceleni kwethelela lobumba, kodwa ukuze umhlaba ungabhobozi.
Isihlahla sitshalelwe ekujuleni okufanayo njengasesitsheni, ngaphandle kokujula intamo yezimpande. Ngemuva kokutshala, ziphinda ziniselwa kakhulu futhi zifakwe nge-peat, udoti we-coniferous, amagxolo kaphayini. Ukulima okutshaliwe kuyadingeka, ngoba ehlobo kuvikela ibhola lezimpande ekushiseni ngokweqile kanye nokomisa, futhi kuvimbela ukukhula kokhula, futhi ebusika lifudumeza uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ukunakekelwa kweRhododendron
Lapho unakekela i-Rhododendron, ukhula lwezitshalo lwenziwa ngesandla, awukwazi ukukhulula futhi ugaye inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ngenxa yokuvela kwezimpande. Ukomisa ukoma kobumba akwemukeleki, ngakhoke, ukuthambisa ejwayelekile kufanele kunikezwe.
Ukunakekela i-Rhododendron kufaka ukunisela ngamanzi emvula. Uma amanzi elukhuni, khona-ke kufanele kuthambiswe yi-acidization nge-sulfuric, oxalic, citric noma acetic acid. Ubulukhuni bamanzi bunokwehliswa ngokuxuba kahle i-sphagnum peat namanzi futhi vumela ingxube ime amahora angama-24. Kuyasiza ukwenza ukuthambisa kusihlwa ngokufafaza, okungukuthi, ukuthambisa esiseleni sokunisela nge-nozzle ngqo emaceleni esihlahla. Isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile, ukufafazwa kwe-landings kufanele kuhlelwe.
Ngo-Agasti, ukuthambisa kuncishiswe kakhulu noma kumiswe ngokuphelele esimweni sezulu esinethayo ukuze kungasuki ukukhula kwesibili kwamahlumela. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-lime, i-dolomite, umlotha nezinye izinto ezithambisa umhlabathi ngeke zingene endaweni yezimpande. Lokhu kufanele kukhunjulwe lapho ukhetha umanyolo, wona okufanele ungabi ne-calcium ne-chlorine.
Ungayondla kanjani i-rhododendron
Ngomgodi wokufika olungiselelwe kahle, ama-rhododendrons awadingi ukugqokwa okuphezulu iminyaka emibili yokuqala. Kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu, le misebenzi kufanele yenziwe njalo. Uma ungazi ukuthi uzondla kanjani i-rhododendron, sikucebisa ukuthi usebenzise amathiphu ethu.
Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-rhododendrons aphekelwa nge-ammonium nitrate, ikakhulukazi lapho ehlanganisa imfucumfucu enobuhlakani, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa, kabili noma kathathu umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamanzi onjenge-Fertika Lux, ongenayo i-calcium.
Ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, ukwandisa ubusika kanzima, kuyasiza ukondla potassium sulfate. Umanyolo usetshenziselwa ifomu lewuketshezi. Inketho elula kakhulu yokugqoka okuphezulu ukusebenzisa omanyolo abasebenza isikhathi eside abafakwa kanye ngesizini.
Isicelo sesibili esinconywe abanye abakhiqizi akufanele senziwe ukuze kungavuseleli ukukhula kwesibili, futhi nokondliwa nge-potassium sulfate kuyagcinwa.
Njengomthetho, emadolobheni aphansi, ama-Rhododendrons awathintwa yizilokazane nezifo. Ukuphela kwento engabhekwa yi-chlorosis, ehambisana nokwanda kwe-acidity yenhlabathi. I-Chlorosis ivela njengokuphuzi kwamaqabunga futhi iqedwa kalula nge-acidization ye-substrate ngokunisela ngamanzi e-acidified. Ukuze ungalethi izinambuzane nezifo esizeni sakho, kufanele uhlole izitshalo ngokucophelela lapho uthenga.
Rhododendrons ebusika
Ngaphambi kobusika, ukushuba kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe kufanele kukhushulwe ukuze kuvikeleke uhlelo lwezimpande. Kuma-Rhododendrons ahlala ebusika ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika, ama-rhododendrons adinga ukunisela okushaja kwamanzi. Uma ama-Rhododendrons ahlala etshalwe ezindaweni ezivulekile noma ezinhlobonhlobo ezingasebenzisi kahle ebusika kwisimo sezulu sethu, lapho-ke ambozwe ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe (ilutrasil, spandbond, njll.) Ukuze izitshalo zingavuthi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukukhosela ama-rhododendrons ebusika, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ifreyimu eqinile ukuze iqhwa lingaphuli amagatsha ezitshalo. Ngemuva kokuwa kweqhwa, kufanele zimbozwe ngezihlahla. Entwasahlobo, lapho umhlabathi usunqotshwe ngokuphelele, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa.
Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-1 ° C, amaqabunga ama-Rhododendrons ahlala ehlanganiswa asontwa. Ungethuki, lokhu kuvikela lesi sitshalo ekuhwamukeni ngokweqile komswakama kanye namanzi, futhi iqhwa eliwayo alihlali emahlumela, kunciphise amathuba amagatsha aphukile, futhi “sisonge” uhlelo lwezimpande.
Photo of rodendrons engadini kanye landscape design
I-Rhododendrons ihlobisa isizini yonke. Ukubukwa okuhlala njalo kuletha ukunambitheka okungaseningizimu engadini. Amaqabunga e-Leathery evergreen kanye nezihlahla ezinhle ziyanconywa ngisho ngaphandle kwezimbali.
Ama-rhododendrons angama-Deciduous mahle hhayi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kuphela, kodwa futhi nangemuva kwawo ngenxa yokuma okuhle kwesihlahla kanye namahlamvu amahle e-pubescent. Ekwindla, izihlahla ziphinda zidonse ukunaka ngombala omuhle wamahlamvu. Kwezinye izinhlobo, iba ophuzi-luhlaza okotshani, kwabanye - ophuzi, kanti abanye bagqoke ekwindla ebomvu, ekhazimula ngamathoni abomvu e-burgundy.
Ngakho-ke, into elula kunazo zonke, kepha hhayi esona "esilula" kuzoba amaqembu ahlelwe ngokukhululeka. Amaqembu ama-rhododendrons ekwakhiweni komhlaba akhethwa ngokuya ngombala wezimbali, kanye nobukhulu nobukhulu bezihlahla. Isibalo esifanelekile sezitshalo eqenjini siyintathu kuya kwesikhombisa; ezindaweni ezinkulu, isibalo sezitshalo singandiswa. Akufanele utshale izinhlobo ezinemibala ehlukene eqenjini. Ukuhlukahluka okuvelayo “kuzobulala” ukuqhakaza okumangalisayo. Ukuhlangana okuqinile kwalezi zitshalo kubukeka futhi kumibalabala.
Ukuze ukufana kungabukeki kuyinyumba, kufanele kukhethwe izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nosayizi wesihlahla.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-Rhododendrons amancanyana atshalwa ngaphambili, njenge-Rhododendron enezinwele ezilukhuni nezinhlobonhlobo zawo, kulandelwa izinhlobo ezikhula kancane zohlobo lweKalinka, bese kuba nezinhlobo ezinde nezinhlobonhlobo. Lapho udala amaqembu nama-arraw, ungahlanganisi izitshalo eziqinile nezihlala zikhula.
Ekukhetheni umbala wezimbali, kufanele kuvinjelwe ukuzilawula, ngakho-ke futhi ukuze ungatholi i-varigation engadingekile. Bheka izithombe zama-rhododendrons atshalwe engadini - anephalethi elinothile lemibala. Ezinhlotsheni ezihlala zihlala ziluhlaza, umbala ucebile ngama-nuances ahlukahlukene apinki, onsomi kanye nemibala e-violet. Izinhlobo ezibomvu, eziphuzi kanye no-orenji zama-Rhododendrons ama-evergreen azindali ebusika ngokwezimo zethu (okuhlukile kungamayunithi), ngoba zikhipha imibala yazo ezinhlotsheni ezithanda ukushisa. Uma uthanda imibala ephuzi nebomvu, zizoletha izinhlobo eziqabayo engadini yakho. Ngakho-ke isikimu sombala osincishisiwe, ngeke.
Kuhle kakhulu ukulekela okutshalekile okunama-conifers abukeka ngokwenyama nama-Rhododendrons. Okuthandwayo kufanele kunikezwe kumaphayini kanye nama-junipers. I-Spruce ne-thuja zilungile kuphela ukusuka ohlangothini olusenyakatho ukuze zivikelwe emimoyeni nasebangeni elikhulu ngokwanele. Futhi lokhu akuyona kuphela isithunzi esiminyene kubo, kodwa futhi nohlelo lwezimpande oluyinkimbinkimbi, "oluvala" uhlelo lwezimpande olungeqile lwe-Rhododendrons.
Njengoba ama-rhododendrons athande umswakama ophezulu, atshalwe kahle eduze kwamachibi nemithombo, lapho izimo ezithandeka kakhulu zakhiwa ehlobo.
Kwelinye izwe, ama-rhododendrons asetshenziswa kabanzi ezingadini ze-heather, lapho kungabasebenza khona izimbumbulu. Ngeshwa, le ndlela ayilungele thina, ngoba ama-heather ne-erica - izitshalo aziyona eyethu isimo sezulu.
Kodwa ama-cranberry, ama-lingonberry nama-blueberries afaneleke kahle ezingadini ezinjalo "heather". Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziningi zama-blueberries zinamahlamvu amahle kakhulu ekwindla. Amanye ama-evergreens, njenge-padonia marigold nenhlaka yempepho, nawo muhle lapho ebambisene nama-Rhododendrons. Ungakhohlwa ngama-ferns, ama-vai awo azokwengeza umehluko kumabala ama-Rhododendrons.
