Ama-Dahlias ahlobo olungowomndeni wama-asters, ohlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-30 nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu. AmaDahlias ahlukaniswe izinhlobo eziyi-12 ngokwakheka kwembali:
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Elula - akhule aze afike kwesigamu semitha, izimbali zinomugqa owodwa wamacembe. Umbala we-inflorescences uhluka phakathi kwemithunzi ebomvu, ephuzi, e-orange. Ubukhulu be-inflorescence cishe buyi-10 cm.
Anemone - khula cishe imitha ukuphakama. Zinemigqa eminingana yama-petals, izimbali eziphakathi ziyi-tubular. Ubukhulu be-inflorescence babuye bube yi-10 cm.
Ikholaji yekhola - Lezi zitshalo zingakhula ngaphezu kwemitha. Zinomugqa owodwa wangaphandle wamaphayini, ngaphezulu kwawo ungqimba oluncane olufana nekhola.
Imise okomhlana - ubukhulu bezimbali zalezi dahlias bukhulu kancane kunalezo izinhlobo zangaphambilini - cishe amasentimitha ayi-15 Kunemigqa emi-2 okungenani yamaphaladi angaphandle, futhi kaningi ngaphezulu.
Ukuhlobisa - Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezimbali eziphindwe kabili. Ama-inflorescence nawo makhulu, njengezinhlobonhlobo UGiocondonabancane - ibanga UDavid wezwa.
Spherical - Izimbali nazo zinezimo zokuzithambisa, kepha zinesimo sebhola elicashile kancane.
Amaphampu - babe nezimbali eziphindwe kabili ezinosayizi omncane - cishe ama-5 cm. Ama-petals angaphandle agoqwa ngokufana namashubhu.
Cactus - usayizi wezimbali zalezi dahlias ziyahlukahluka kusuka ku-8 kuye ku-25 cm. Amapharagulini asemuva ayincane futhi akha amashubhu amancane.
I-Semi-cactus - Izimbali zalolu hlobo zinesimo sebhubhu esingakhuli kangako, njengoba ziqala ukuncipha zivela maphakathi nethanga.
Nymphaeum - Izimbali ze-Terry zifana neminduze yamanzi.
Kuhlanganisiwe - lolu hlobo alunakubonakala ngokuqondile, ngoba izinhlobo zalo zingahluka ngokuphelele komunye nomunye.
Ngokuvamile, imibala ye-dahlias isondele kokubomvu, ophuzi, lilac, kodwa esikhathini sethu kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinemibala engakaze iphuphelwe ngaphambili, ngokwesibonelo, i-dahlia emnyama.
Abafuyi bazama ukukhipha izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha kuze kube manje abaphumelelanga.
Ukutshala kweDahlias nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukulima lezi zimbali kuyinkinga impela ngenxa yobunzima bokugcina ubusika bama-rhizomes abo. Uma ungafuni ukuzicindezela ngenqubo yokugcina, ungakhula ama-dahlias wonyaka, nawo amahle kakhulu futhi ahlukahlukene ekukhetheni.
Mayelana nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile, ama-dahlias awakhethi ikakhulukazi. Le ndawo enezitshalo ezitshaliwe kufanele imbozwe ngemboza yemifino, ezobavikela kuma-slugs, bavikele inhlabathi ukuthi yome ngesikhathi esishisayo, futhi futhi ikukhulule ukhula naseku lokhululiseni umhlaba.
Ama-Dahlias adinga ukuchelela okunamandla kanye noma kabili ngesonto, kuye ngozokushisa komoya ngaphandle kanye nesimo sezulu semvula. Inhlabathi esakhiweni ayikwazi ukuba manzi isikhathi eside, ngoba i-rhizome ingabola.
Umanyolo kanjani
Ngenkathi yokukhula, ama-dahlias adinga ukuvundiswa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15, eguqula umanyolo wamaminerali nezinto eziphilayo.
Ngokwakhiwa kwezinso, umquba uguqulwa waba yiphosphorus-potash.
Ukuthena ama-Dahlias e-Autumn
Ukuphunyuka kwe-dahlia kungenzeka kungahambisani nemimoya enamandla noma imvula enkulu, ngakho-ke idinga ukusekelwa.
Ukuze uthole izimbali ezingcono, udinga ukunquma izitshalo. Yenza lokhu ngendlela yokuthi kuphela amahlumela amathathu agcinwe ehlathini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izimbali zizoba zincane kakhulu.
Udinga futhi ukucindezela ama-buds, ushiye i-pair kwi-peduncle. Ama-buds angama-Sluggish nawo ayasuswa. Ngokuvamile, zonke lezi yizifiso zokushiya. Manje ake siqhubekele phambili ebusika dahlias.
Ukugaya i-dahlias
Ngokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala, udinga ukugaya ama-tubers, unqume wonke amaqabunga bese ufinyeza isiqu kube cm 5. Kungcono ukugaya i-rhizome ngosuku olomile, ngoba lunomusa omkhulu futhi, selukhiphe emhlabathini, nezilimo eziyizigaxa kudingeka zome.
Ukuze wenze le nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, udinga ukumba imbali embuthanweni ngebanga elingaba ngu-30 cm ukusuka ihlumela. Ngokulandelayo, isihlahla sikhishwa kusetshenziswa i-pitchfork bese yomile. Lapho-ke ama-tubers kumele agezwe emhlabathini.
Ungayigcina kanjani i-dahlias ebusika ekhaya
Ama-Tubers kufanele agcinwe egumbini elinomswakama ophakathi (cishe ama-60%) kanye nokushisa okungaba ngu-4 ° C. Igumbi kufanele livuleke umoya ukuze umoya ungahambi. Ukuze usebenzise i-peat, i-sawdust coniferous noma isihlabathi.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi i-rhizome iyoma, bese uthambisa kancane insiza lapho igcinwe khona. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukudala izimo ezinjalo, ungakwenza ngokuhlukile.
Vele ubeke izimpande emaphaketheni kanye ne-peat endaweni ebandayo kakhulu efulethini (ngokwesibonelo, eduze kwe-balcony).
Ama-tubers agcinwe kabi emakamelweni afudumele anomswakama ophezulu. Ukuze zingonakali ezimeni ezinjalo, udinga ukumboza ngophalafini oncibilikisiwe. Ngemuva kokuba izinto sezenziwe lukhuni, izimpande zifakwa esikhwameni kanye ne-peat noma isihlabathi futhi ziboshwe kahle. Entwasahlobo, lapho isikhathi sokutshala sifika, uzodinga ukusula izilimo eziyizigaxa kancane ukuze ususe uphalafini.
Ubusika bonke, ama-rhizomes azodingeka ahlolwe ukuthi abolile. Lapho kutholwa, kuyadingeka ukusika izindawo ezigulayo bese uyiphatha ngamalahle.
Ungaziqoqa Kanjani Imbewu Yonyaka KaDahlia
Ukuwaqoqa, udinga ukulinda kuze kube yilapho izimbali zomile ku-peduncle, bese ususa i-inflorescence esitshalweni, uqoqe imbewu bese uyomile kancane. Zidinga ukuhlwanyelwa enhlabathini evulekile ngoMeyi. Izimbali zizoqala ngo-Agasti. Uma ufuna ukusheshisa le nqubo, lapho-ke ungamila imbewu ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
I-Dahlia yonyaka yokutshala imbewu
Ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, kuhlwanyelwa kubhavu oshisayo, kusetshenziswa isihlabathi esibaliwe njengomhlabathi. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe iniselwa kahle futhi igcinwa ngo-25 ° C. Lokhu kufanele kuhlale cishe izinsuku eziyishumi. Ngemuva kwalokho, zidonswa ezitsheni ezihlukile enenhlabathi kusuka enhlabathini lokukhishwa kweshidi (1: 2).
Ezinsukwini ezintathu ngaphambi kwe-dive, inhlabathi iphathwa ngesixazululo esifudumele se-potanganum permanganate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa kwezithombo kuqukethe ukunisela njengoba umhlabathi womile. NgoMeyi, izitshalo ezincane zingatshalwa emhlabathini.
Indawo yokufika kufanele ivikelwe kokungakapheli futhi ikhanyiswe ngokwanele. Umhlabathi kumele ube namanzi, ube nomsoco. AmaDahlias akhula kahle kakhulu nge-acidity ephansi yenhlabathi, kepha ukungathathi hlangothi nakho kufanelekile. Isendlalelo esine-acidic kakhulu sicishwa nge-lime, futhi i-peat ingezwe ukukhulisa i-acidity.
Ekwindla, uzungu lwe-dahlia kufanele luvundiswe nge-humus, futhi entwasahlobo ngomquba nomlotha.
Ukuze ama-dahlias akhule kangcono futhi angalimazi, kuyanconywa ukushintsha indawo yokulinyelwa kwawo minyaka yonke. Futhi, awukwazi ukutshala lezi zimbali eduze kwe-asters nasezindaweni lapho ezinye izitshalo zisanda ukugula.
Ungahlukanisa kanjani izimpande ze-dahlia
Ngaphambi kokutshala, nezilimo eziyizigaxa ziyahlolwa futhi zihlanzwe izindawo ezibolile. Emva kwalokho, zinamathela ku-peat ukuze zikhuphuke ngaphezu kwayo amasentimitha ambalwa. Ngakho-ke izimpande zigcinwa izinsuku eziyi-15 ekushiseni okungaba ngu-19 ° C endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle.
Lapho izinso ziqala ukwakha, izimpande zidinga ukusikwa ukuze ukwahlukana ngakunye kube nentambo yezimpande nezinso. Izingxenye zezimpande zigcinwa emabhokisini isikhashana, bese kuthi iziqu eziseceleni zisikwe kubo, eziye zifinyelele amasentimitha ayishumi futhi zitshale emhlabathini.
Ama-cut cut asetshenziswa njengezisiko. Zitshalwe emhlabathini, zigcinwe ebumnyameni futhi ziyanisela. Lapho izimpande zivela, impahla idluliselwa enhlabathini evulekile.
Zonke lezi zinqubo zenziwa ukwandisa inani lezitshalo. Uma ungakudingi lokhu, khona-ke awukwazi ukuhlukanisa i-rhizome. Ukutshala izinto enhlabathini kwenziwa lapho kufudumala ngokwanele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo.
Izimbila eziphindwe kathathu zimbiwa umgodi. Phansi faka umquba omncane, bese ufafaza ngomhlaba ukuze izimpande zingashisi. Uma une-grade ephezulu ye-dahlias, khona-ke masisha ukusekela lapho uzobopha khona isiqu ngokuzayo.
Ngemuva kokutshala i-dahlias, ziniselwa ngamanzi abandayo, futhi indawo, njengoba kushiwo esigabeni sokugcina, imbozwe nge-mulch kusuka sawdust exutshaniswe ne-peat.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Imvamisa lapho kukhula i-dahlias, abalimi babhekana nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
