Isisekelo esithembekile siyadingeka esakhiweni nasakhiweni ngasinye. Ekwakhiweni okwenyuka okungaphansi, kuqiniswa isisekelo somucu kusetshenziselwa ukuqinisa, ukwakhiwa kwako okungesinye sezigaba ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi ezibizayo.
Akufanele ugcine ngokobuningi nekhwalithi yalokho okusetshenziswayo, ngoba ukunganakwa kobuchwepheshe nemithetho kuzoholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Idivayisi yesisekelo yenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- Ukuhlunga kwenhlabathi kumsele ngokuhambisana nemidwebo yokuqinisa isisekelo somugqa.
- Ukwenza isicubu sesihlabathi nge-tamper.
- Ukufakwa kozimele okwenziwe ngokuqiniswa kwensimbi.
- Lapho izinga lokushisa langaphandle lingaphansi kwamamaki ama-degree amahlanu, ukhonkolo kufanele lufutheke.
- Ukulungisa ukwakheka.
- Ukuthulula ukhonkolo.
Ngaphambi kokuqinisa isisekelo kahle, kufanele uthole ukuthi impahla yenhlabathi, udwebe umdwebo, ukubala inani lezinto ezibonakalayo bese uyithenga.
Ukuqiniswa kwesisekelo se-Strip ngokuya nge-GOST 5781
Lapho udweba iphrojekthi, ngaphezu kwemingcele eqondile yomugqa wekhonkrithi, kugcizelela isimilo sokwengeza amandla:
- kuqiniswa kukuphi ububanzi
- inani lezinduku;
- indawo yabo.
Uma kuhlelwa ukuthi ngokuzimela kwakheke futhi kuqiniswe isisekelo somugqa wendlu, ubhavu, igalaji, bese unamathela emithethweni ethile ngokuya Ngezakhi Nemigomo Yokwakha yamanje ne-GOST 5781-82. Lesi sakamuva siveza ukuhlukaniswa nobubanzi bensimbi eshisayo eyindilinga eyindilinga yephrofayli ekhethiwe futhi ebushelelezi, okuhloswe ngayo ukuqinisa izakhiwo zekhonkolo ezijwayelekile neziqinisekisiwe (iqinisa insimbi). Futhi kukhonjisiwe:
- izidingo zobuchwepheshe;
- ukufakwa, ukulebula;
- zokuhamba nokugcina.
Ngaphambi kokuqinisa isisekelo somucu, kufanele uzijwayeze nokuhlukaniswa kokuqina. Izindondo ngokubukeka kwazo komhlaba zibushelelezi futhi zinephrofayli ngezikhathi ezithile, okungukuthi, zibunjiwe.
Ubuningi bokuxhumana ngokhonkolo othululiwe bungatholakala kuphela uma usebenzisa ukuqiniswa nendawo yephrofayili.
Ukuzindla kungaba:
- ukuzungeza;
- isikela;
- kuxutshwe.
Futhi, ukuqiniswa kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba A1-A6 ngokuya ngebanga nezakhiwo zomzimba nezemishini zensimbi esetshenzisiwe: ukusuka kwekhabhoni ephansi kuya ekushintshaneni.
Ngokuqiniswa okuzimele kwesisekelo somucu, akudingekile ukuba wazi wonke amapharamitha nezimpawu zezifundo. Kwanele ukuzijwayela nge:
- ibanga lensimbi;
- amadayimitha wezinduku;
- ama-engeli avumayo okugoba okubandayo;
- i-bending radii ye-curvature.
Lezi zinhlaka zinganikezwa ohlwini lwamanani lapho uthenga izinto. Zethulwe etafuleni elingezansi:
Amanani avela kukholamu lokugcina abalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezinto ezigoqiwe (izigxobo, imilenze, ukufakwa), ngoba ukwanda kwe-angle noma ukwehla komthambo wokugoba kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni yizindawo zamandla wokuqiniswa.
Ukuze kwenziwe ngokuzimela kwesisekelo somucu, induku ethosiwe yeklasi A3 noma A2, enobubanzi obuyi-10 mm noma ngaphezulu, ivame ukuthathwa. Kwezinto ezigoqiwe - ukuqiniswa okubushelelezi A1 obubanzi obungu-6 mm
Ungazibeka kanjani izingqimba ngokufanele
Indawo yokuqiniselwa esisekelweni se strip ithinta amandla namandla athwalayo esisekelo. Lezi zinhlaka zincike ngqo ku:
- ukuqina kokuqina;
- ubude nobubanzi befreyimu;
- izinhlobo zezinduku;
- indlela yokugoba.
Isisekelo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa sibekelwa imithwalo engapheli ngenxa yokuhamba kwenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokuqandelwa isithwathwa, ukubambelela, ukuba khona kwama-karsts kanye nokuzamazama komhlaba, ekugcineni, isisindo sokwakhiwa uqobo. Ngakho-ke, ingaphezulu lesisekelo lifakwa kakhulu ngaphansi kokucindezelwa, kanti phansi kubhekene nengxabano. Akukho mthwalo phakathi. Ngakho-ke, ukuqinisela akunangqondo.
Ohlelweni lokuqinisa, amahlosi esidumbu atholakala kude phezulu nangaphansi kwetheyipu. Uma kudingekile ukuqinisa isisekelo esikhonjwe ekubalweni, kusungulwa tiers ezingeziwe.
Lapho ukuphakama kwesisekelo kudlula i-15 cm, ukusetshenziselwa ukuqiniswa okuphambukayo okuqondile kwezindonga ezibushelelezi.
Kuyashesha futhi kulula kakhulu ukwenza uhlaka kusuka kumakhompiyutha ngamanye enziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinduku ziyagoba ngokuya ngamapharamitha acacisiwe, akha unxande. Kufanele zenziwe okufanayo ngaphandle kokuphambuka. Kuzothatha izinto eziningi ezinjalo. Umsebenzi uthatha isikhathi, kepha uzongena ngokushesha emseleni.
Ukuqiniswa okuguqukayo esisekelweni kufakiwe kucatshangelwa imithwalo esebenza ngaphesheya kwesisekelo sesisekelo. Ibopha izinduku ze-longitudinal esimweni esithile sokuklama futhi ivimbele ukuvela kanye nentuthuko yokuqhekeka. Ibanga phakathi kwezinduku lincike kumkhiqizo, indlela yokubeka nokuhlanganisa ukhonkolo, ububanzi bokuqiniswa nokubekwa kwayo ohlangothini lokuqonda. Futhi, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi uhlaka lwesisekelo kufanele lubekwe ku-5-8 cm ukusuka ezingeni eliphezulu lokugcwaliswa kanye nemaphethelo wefomu.
Lapho uxhuma izinduku usebenzisa uthango oluhlanganayo kanye nohudo olukhethekile. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-welding kuphela kwizithako ezinonobumba u- "C" ekumaki. Uhlaka luqoqiwe kusetshenziswa izinduku kanye nezigxobo ezixhumanisa nesakhiwo esisodwa. Ukuphakama kokuqiniswa esisekelweni se strip kufanele kube yi-3/8 ukuphakama kwayo, kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwama-30 cm.
Ukuqiniswa kweSolezwe
Kwendlu enekilasi elilodwa nezimo zomhlabathi omuhle, isisekelo sijule ekujuleni kokuqandeka kwenhlabathi. Kulokhu, ukugcizelela ukuphela kwesisekelo somucu kwenza esikhundleni somsebenzi womshuwalense. Kwenze ngokubeka igridi yezinduku engxenyeni engezansi yesisekelo. Ukuhlelekelana kule ndaba akudlali. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungqimba kakhonkolo awudluli kuma-35 cm.
Kumhlabathi othambile noma onomthwalo omkhulu olinganiselwe, isisekelo singadingeka nge-wide wide. Lapho-ke kusetshenziswa ukuqina kobude obude, njengasesimweni sokuqala, nakulezo eziguqulwayo, ukubalwa okuhlukile kuyadingeka.
Ungawaqinisa kanjani amakhona
Izichasiso nama-engele ezisekelweni yizindawo zokuxineka kwengcindezelo enhlobonhlobo. Ukujoyina okungalungile kokuqiniswa kulezi zindawo ezinenkinga kuzoholela ekwakhekeni kokuphazamiseka okungatheni, izikhala kanye nokuhlolwa.
Amakhona wamatshe wesisekelo somucu aqiniswa ngokuya ngemithetho ethile:
- Induku iyagoba ukuze enye yamaphetha ayo ijule kudonga olulodwa lwesisekelo, enye iye kolunye.
- Ukuvumela okuncane kwenduku kolunye udonga kungamamitha angama-40 wokuqiniswa.
- Iziphambano ezixhumekile ezilula azisetshenziswa. Kuphela kusetshenziswa izinduku ezengeziwe eziqondile futhi eziguqukayo.
- Uma ukugoba kolunye udonga kungavumeli ubude bokuthi induku yenziwe, bese kusetshenziswa iphrofayili enesimo se-L ukuze ixhunywe.
- Isigaxa esisodwa esivela kwesinye esisefreyimini kufanele sibekwe kude kubude obuphindwe kabili kunetheyipu.
Ukuze imithwalo esemakhoneni esisekelo se-tepi isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo, kwenziwa isigaxa esiqinile sokuqina kwangaphandle nangaphakathi.
Ungabala kanjani ukuqiniswa
Ukubalwa kokuqiniswa kwesisekelo somucu kwenziwa, kucatshangelwa izingcindezi ezinokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokwakha nokusebenza kwesakhiwo. Isibonelo, ukungezwani obude obudalwa yilomklamo: izinduku eziqonde ngqo noshintshashintshashintshi eziteshini ezinde futhi ezimfishane cishe azikuthinti ukwabiwa kwemithwalo, kodwa yenza njengezinto ezisheshayo.
Ukubala ukuthi kungakanani ukuqiniswa ongakufaka esisekelweni, udinga ukubona ubukhulu bawo. Ngokwesisekelo esinqenekile esingu-40 cm, izinduku ezine ezinde zizokwanela - amabili phezulu nangaphansi. Uma kuhlelwa ukuthi kuqedwe isisekelo ngosayizi we-6 x 6 m, khona-ke kuyodingeka uhlangothi olulodwa lohlaka 4 x 6 = 24 m .. Ngemuva kwalokho inani eliphelele lokuqiniswa kobude buzoba ngama-24 x 4 = 96 m .. Kulula ukukucabanga lapho ngokuzimela udweba umdwebo wokuqina.
Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthenga izinduku zobude obudingekayo, khona-ke zinganamathela (ngaphezu kwemitha) nomunye.
Izindleko zesisekelo ziqukethe inani lentengo yezinto ezisetshenzisiwe nenani lomsebenzi. Uma ubala, kungcono ukusebenzisa iphrojekthi enobubanzi obukhonjisiwe nobubanzi besisekelo. Futhi, izindleko zithinteka ekude kwento yokwakha nomsebenzi ohlobene, njengoku:
- ukuvimbela amanzi;
- ukufudumeza;
- indawo eyimpumputhe;
- imisele;
- imvula.
Konke lokhu kwenza inani lokugcina. Noma ngesakhiwo esincane, isisekelo singenziwa ngisho nangezandla zakho. Okunzima kakhulu futhi okude kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwetheyinti lesisekelo ukuqiniswa kwalo, kepha ungamelana wedwa. Vele, ngabasizi ababili noma abathathu, ukusebenza kulula futhi kuphephile.
