I-beg begonia isitshalo esidumile sokuhlobisa izimbali - sisetshenziswa zisetshenziswa, ezinezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane, izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo emndenini waso. Zonke zihlukile ekuphakameni kwesihlahla, ubukhulu, ubukhulu kanye nombala wamahlamvu namaqabunga, izindlela zokutshala nesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Lesi sitshalo sithande inhlabathi enomswakama ehlane ezindaweni ezishisayo zamazwe amaningi, sizizwa sihle emthunzini wezihlahla ezinde ngisho nakuzo iziqu zazo.
I-Begonia ithola uthando olukhulu phakathi kwabalimi kanye nama-florists amaningi wephalethi wemibala ehlukene kanye nenkathi yezimbali ende (kusukela ngoMeyi kuze kube nguNovemba). Ezinye izinhlobo zendlu begonia ziyaqhakaza unyaka wonke. Izihlahla ezinde ezinamabala amhlophe, aphuzi, apinki, ama-raspberry, obomvu, ama-lilac alula futhi akhula kabili, kanye namaqabunga okuhlobisa anhlobonhlobo yamaphethini namathunzi, afaneleka kunoma yiliphi i-ensembles enezimbali namalungiselelo wezimbali engadini engaphambili, ingadi yezimbali, ishubhu ne-flowerbed. Zingabukeki kangako ezitshalanga zodwa njengezitshalo zasendlini, ukuphakama okuphakathi kwazo kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-35 cm, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Ngokulondolozwa okufanele nokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali okuluhlaza, inani lamahlumela we-begonia likhulu kangangokuba amboza wonke amahlamvu ezitshalo eziseduze.
I-beg begonia ayilandeki kulinywe, uma wazi izimfihlo ezithile, izici zayo kanye nezinto ezithandayo.
Ukusakazeka begonias by nezilimo eziyizigaxa engadini
Lapho ukhetha izinto zokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ubukhona bamehlo bukhoma kuma-tubers nosayizi wawo. Ububanzi be-tuber obulungele ukutshala ngu-4-6 cm. Ebusika, kunconywa amabhubhu ukuthi agcinwe esitsheni esinesihlabathi esimanzi esincane, esizoba egumbini elingaphansi komhlaba noma eshalofini elingaphansi, noma eshalofini elingaphansi kwesiqandisi esijwayelekile. Isanti kufanele liniselwe njengoba kunesidingo, kodwa akukho manzi okweqile okufanele avunyelwe, ngoba ukubola kweshubhu kungaqala.
Ukufiswa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kukaMashi ezitsheni ezikhethekile zokubamba noma maphakathi noMeyi emibhedeni yezimbali evulekile. Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-tubers, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole kahle, ususe izimpande ezindala bese uthambisa isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese noma kusisombululo esisodwa samaphesenti se-hydrogen peroxide imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 (ukuthola isifo). Uma ukutholwa kutholakala ebusweni bezilimo eziyizigaxa, ukuswilisa kuyimpoqo. Isikhunta sihlanza kuqala ngebhulashi elithambile. Ezitolo ezikhethekile ungathenga umkhiqizo onconywa ngokukhethekile izitshalo zegadi ze-begonia futhi uvikele isiko ezinambuzaneni nasezifo.
Ukusuka kubhavu elilodwa kuqhume ngaphambi kokutshala, izitshalo eziningana zingatshalwa ngasikhathi sinye (cishe i-5-6). Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa ngokucophelela amahlumela kuyo bese uyityalela ngokuhlukile enhlabathini, ungafaka ezimbizeni ezincane ezihlukene. Ihlumela ngalinye kufanele libe ngokujula kangangokuba isiphunzi salo sihlala kubude obuyi-2-3 mm ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba. Ngemuva kokubamba ngokushesha, izitshalo ezincane zingatshalwa zingene emhlabathini.
Indlela yokusika yokuzala
Le ndlela ilungele ukusabalalisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-begonia. Kuyadingeka ukusika phezulu kusuka esihlahleni esihle sezimbali esikhethiwe, lapho kufanele okungenani kube namabili khona amaqabunga. Ama-buds avaliwe nazo zonke izimbali zidinga ukusikwa. Ngaphambi kokutshala okusikiwe enhlabathini, ukucubungula okuphoqelelwe kwengxenye yabo engezansi nesixazululo esikhethekile sezinto eziphilayo kuyenziwa, okungathengwa esitolo sezimbali noma kulungiswe ngokuzimela. Siqukethe amanzi angama-200 g, kanye nejusi le-aloe entsha noju (isipuni esisodwa ngasinye). Impilo yeshalofu yesidakamizwa esinjalo ngamahora angama-48 ekushiseni kwama-degree Celsius amathathu kuya kwayi-10. Ukujula kokutshala okusika enhlabathini kungamasentimitha angama-6,6. Ukwenziwa kwengxenye yezimpande kuvela ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuye kwezingu-10, lapho ukusika kufanele kube ngaphansi kwesembozo sefilimu noma ingilazi.
Imithetho yokutshala i-begonias emhlabathini
Ukutshala i-tuber ngayinye, udinga inkomishi ye-peat noma imbiza yezimbali ejwayelekile. Lapho utshalwa emhlabathini, lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina ubuqotho bengxenye yezimpande futhi kusize kakhulu inqubo iyonke.
Ukwakheka kwengxube yenhlabathi ene-acidic kufanele kufake phakathi i-peat kanye nenani elanele lezakhi eziwusizo ze-organic. Ungathenga i-substrate eyenziwe ngomumo eyenziwe yenzelwe i-begonias.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlume ngamahlumela aphezulu kufanele zifafazwe ngesendlalelo somhlabathi ongabi ngaphezu kwama-2,5 cm ubukhulu ukuze zikwazi ukudabula kalula ziye phezulu.
Umbuso wokushisa olungile usukela ku-18 kuya ku-22 degrees Celsius. Amahlumela okuqala azovela cishe isonto.
Ukunisela kuyinto elinganiselayo, ukugqoka okuphezulu kusesimweni se-ketshezi lapho ukuchelela isikhathi esingaphezu kanye ngesonto (okuhlushwa ngokuya ngemiyalo enamathiselwe).
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekelwa kwengadi begonias
Indawo okulinywe kuyo kufanele ikhanye kakhulu futhi ibe nelanga, kepha ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Izimbali ezintekenteke namaqabunga e-begonia ambozwe izindawo ezinsundu ezivela emisebeni ye-ultraviolet.
Izimbali zokunisela kufanele zilinganise, kepha njalo. Amanzi amaningi avele epanini kufanele akhishwe ngokushesha ukuze izimpande zingaboli. Njengemvunulo ephezulu, ungashintsha enye indlela yokunisela ngamanzi amancane wamaminerali acijile. Lokhu kudingekile ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezincane. Lapho usebenzisa amanzi kanzima ekuniseleni, kunconywa ukufaka isipuni 1 sikaviniga kuwo wonke amalitha ayi-10.
I-Begonia ithanda umswakama ophezulu, kepha njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela ngokumelene ne-Powusy thew (ekhula ezimeni ezinomswakama) kuyanconywa ukuthi umoya ungene njalo egumbini.
Lapho kuvela amabala amhlophe ama-pubescent emaqabungeni, futhi lokhu kuwuphawu lwe-powdery isikhutha, isitshalo esinezifo kufanele sisuswe ngokushesha. Kunconywa ukufafaza zonke ezinye izimbali zezimbali zokuvimbela ngesixazululo pinki se-potanganum permanganate.
Uma kwenzeka kuba nomswakama ngokweqile noma ilanga eliqondile, isivuno singadonsa isihluma. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa inani lamanzi wokunisela noma ukuguqula indawo okulinywe kuyo, ukuhambisa i-begonia kanye nesigaxa sobumba endaweni ebiyelwe.
Izilokazane eziyinhloko ama-aphid nezindawo zesicabucabu. Lapho zivela, kunconywa ukuphatha izihlahla zezimbali ngesixazululo sensipho esuselwa elondolo lokuhlanza futhi hlamba kabusha ngamanzi ajwayelekile ekushiseni kwegumbi. Njengokuvimbela, ungasebenzisa izindlela zokupheka zabantu. Ama-anyanisi ama-husk kanye neziqu zikagalikhi afakwe emanzini futhi afakwa, emva kwalokho ukumiselwa kusetshenziselwa ukuthambisa. Ungafafaza izihlahla ze-begonia ngesixazululo semanzi-umlotha.
Njengesivikelo ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, kanye nokondla okwengeziwe, izinti ezikhethekile zingathengwa esitolo sezimbali. Zidinga ukubambeka enhlabathini eseduze nesitshalo. Lapho zifakwe emanzini okunisela, zinikeza inhlabathi ingxenye encane yomanyolo.
AmaSaplings aneminyaka engu-1.5-2 izinyanga, akhulele kufasitela noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa okuncane, akulungele ukuthunyelwa endaweni evulekile. Abaqambi bomhlaba kanye nabatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuthi basebenzise izinhlobo ezihlukile ezinemibala ehlukahlukene yezimbali ezitshalwa ngamaqembu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina isikhathi phakathi kokutshala - kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-20 cm. Isikimu esinjalo sokutshala esikhathini esizayo esiseduze sizoshintsha indawo ibe ukhaphethi wezimbali obabazekayo.
Ungqimba lwe-mulching lobumba olwandisiwe, i-peat noma i-sawdust luzokwenza lula ukugcinwa futhi lunikeze izitshalo ngomswakama oludingekayo emhlabathini. Uma kune-mulch emibhedeni yezimbali, ngeke kudingeke ukuba ukhululwe bese ukhula umhlabathi, futhi ngeke kube njalo ukunisela izitshalo.
Kuyo yonke inkathi yentwasahlobo-ehlobo, udinga ukusebenzisa njalo umanyolo onempilo owenzelwe izitshalo eziqhakazayo. Umanyolo we-Universal usetshenziswa njalo emavikini amabili.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zisuswa emhlabathini kanye nengxenye yomoya ezungeze maphakathi no-Okthoba, iziqu zisikwa cishe ngokuphelele, zishiya ubude obuyi-2-3 cm. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zidinga ukuhlanzwa kwenhlabathi, zigezwe, zomiswe izinsuku ezingama-7-10 futhi zigcinwe kuze kube sentwasahlobo endaweni emnyama epholile.
Ingadi engabekezeleleki ngokunakekelwa okuncane - isitshalo esifanele ingadi kanye nekhaya.
