Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-buds aqala ukuvuvukala ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni, kanti iForsythia isivele imbozwe ngezimbali eziphuzi zegolide, yize amaqabunga ayo engakaqhakaza. Esifundeni esiphakathi neRussia, lesi shrub siqala ukuqhakaza ngo-Ephreli - Meyi, nasezifundeni eziseningizimu - ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Izindawo ezinhle zokuqhakaza kwe-Forsythias zivuselela ngendlela engajwayelekile imvelo. Amaqabunga ahlobisa futhi - kunalokho okuluhlaza okuluhlaza okotshani noma obumnyama, obushelelezi, "opholile", ahlala enombala ogqamile kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile futhi awe kuphela ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Ukuma kwesihlahla ngokwaso kukuhle - amahlumela agobeka endaweni evundile nasesiguqweni.
I-Forsythianoma iForsythia noma iForsythia luhlobo lwezihlahla nezihlahla ezincane zomndeni wakwa-Oleaceae, eziqhakaza izimbali ezinhle eziphuzi.
I-Forsythia, noma i-Forsythia, noma i-Forsythia (i-Forsythia).
IForsythia yande eNyakatho Melika, eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Ezweni lethu, ihlobisa izingadi namapaki ezindaweni eziningi zeCentral Asia, eCrimea, eCaucasus, eMoldova, e-Ukraine, eBaltic, ezifundeni eziphakathi kwe-non-Chernozem Territory, eMoscow naseLeningrad, futhi kuhlala kuyisivakashi esiyivelakancane kwiziza zasekhaya.
Izinhlobo zeForsythia
Kunezinhlobo ezi-6 zohlobo lweForsythia, eziqanjwe ngegama lomlimi waseNgilandi u-Forzit, owayehlala engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-18.
I-Forsythia (i-Forsythia) yi-European.
I-Forsythia European - isihlahlana esifinyelela ku-2-3 m ukuphakama, sinomqhele omncane we-ovoid. Amacembe aluhlaza ngombala okhanyayo, atholakele okuphambene, njengawo wonke ama-Forsythia. Izimbali ziphuzi ngokugqamile, 1-3 ku-axils yamaqabunga, i-drooping, ibunjiwe njengensimbi, ifinyelela ku-2 cm ubude, kuma-pedicels amafushane aqondile. I-shrub isebenza kakhulu, yize ibhekwa njengokuhlobisa okuncane phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zeForsythia. Lokhu kungukuphela kwe-Forsythias etholakala eYurophu ngokwemvelo futhi ingenye yezikhathi zasebusika eziqinile. Ezimweni zaseMoscow naseLeningrad, iqhuma futhi ithela izithelo minyaka yonke.
I-Forsythia (Forsythia) Giralda.
I-Forsythia Giralda kuvela eNyakatho China. Ngokubukeka kufana nomuntu waseYurophu. Amaqabunga atholakala ngobunono noma abumbekile, akhombe ngophakathi, aluhlaza okotshani ngenhla futhi onsomi ngezansi. Izimbali ze-Forsythia giralda, njengezinhlobo zangaphambilini, ziphuzi zegolide, kuma-pedicels amafushane, hhayi amakhulu kakhulu, amahlumela amboze kakhulu. I-hardness yasebusika isondele ne-European.
I-Forsythia (i-Forsythia) imise okwe-ovalid, noma i-ovoid.
I-Forsythia ovoid - isihlahla esinamagatsha aqhakaza, siphakeme ngamamitha ayi-1.5. Sikhula ngokwemvelo kunhlonhlo yaseKorea. Amacembe aluhlaza ogqamile, ovate ngokubanzi, ubude be-5-7 cm, akhombe ngokuqinile ku-apex. Enye yezinhlobo zokuqala zezimbali ze-forsythia. Izimbali ze-Forsythia ovate ziyiphuzi elikhanyayo, kuma-pedicel amafushane, ezinamaphara amakhulu oblong. Lesi yisihlobo esizinzile kunazo zonke esifundeni esisenkabeni nasenyakatho ye-Non-Chernozem Territory.
I-Forsythia (Forsythia) iluhlaza okotshani.
I-Forsythia iluhlaza okotshani - Isihlahla esinamandla esinamahlumela aqondiswe phezulu. Emvelweni, kukhula emithambekeni yezintaba zaseCentral naseMpumalanga China. Amaqabunga e-Forsythia aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama obumnyama, oblong, kodwa makhulu. Izimbali zinombala ophuzi okhanyayo ngombala ohlaza okotshani, okuyi-1 kuye kwayi-3 kuma-axils amaqabunga, amacembe e-corolla abanzi, imbali inobude obuyi-2,5 cm. Le nhlobo ibekezelela kuphela isimo sezulu esifundeni eseningizimu naseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-USSR, futhi ayiqini iqhume futhi iqhume enyakatho minyaka yonke.
IForsythia (i-Formaitia) iyaphuma, noma iyakhala.
I-Forsythia iyaqothuka, noma Ukukhala Kwe-Forsythia - isihlahla esinamandla esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-3 ukuphakama, esitholakala ngokwemvelo emithambekeni yezintaba eNyakatho nePhakathi neChina. Le nhlobo ibaluleke kakhulu eNtshonalanga Yurophu njengenye enhle kakhulu. Singakhula kuphela esifundeni eseningizimu - Moldova, Western Ukraine, eCrimea naseCaucasus. Amacembe amakhulu amnyama aluhlaza we-Forsythia drooping ekwindla ajika aphuzi futhi abe nsomi. Izimbali eziphuzi zegolide ziyi-1-3, kwesinye isikhathi ezi-6 esixukwini. I-Corolla tube ngaphakathi enemivimbo ye-orange, ubude bezimbali ngu-2,5 cm. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-forsythia drooping (drooping).
I-Forsythia (i-Forsythia) imaphakathi, noma i-hybrid, noma iphakathi.
I-Forsythia Medium - I-hybrid engadini yeForsythia iluhlaza okotshani futhi idonsekile. Isihlahla esinamandla eside ubude esinokuphakama okungamamitha ayi-3, sinamahlumela aqondile futhi alengayo okuncane. Amaqabunga e-Forsythia maphakathi makhulu, ama-ovate-oblong, kumahlumela wokukhula okunamandla, kwesinye isikhathi ama-tripartite, ngokuvamile ngokushintshwa kusuka ngokuphelele kuye kathathu. Izimbali ziphuzi ngokugqamile, eziningana esixukwini.
Izinhlobo eziningi zalesi nsimu eyi-hybrid ziyaziwa. Ezinye zazo zinobusika obukhulu impela futhi zibekezelela isimo sezulu esifundeni esiphakathi nesisenyakatho yendawo okungeyona eye-Chernozem.
I-Forsythia, noma i-Forsythia.
Ukusakazeka kwe-Forsythia
I-Forsythia isatshalaliswa imbewu, ukubekwa, ubusika kanye nokusika kwehlobo.
Ngo-Okthoba, izithelo zebhokisi ziyavuthwa, eziqhekeka kancane, futhi imbewu enamaphiko ingabonakala kuzo. Izitshalo zeForththia zihlwanyelwa entwasahlobo, ngoMashi-Ephreli, ezimbizeni noma emabhokisini omhlaba. Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamasonto angama-3-6, ukuhluma 35-50%. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, izithombo zifinyelela kubude obungu-2-8 cm, okwesibili - 12-30 cm, ngonyaka wesithathu - cm- 60-90. Kumabhokisi, izithombo zeForsythia zingena zingene ngonyaka wesibili noma unyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwazo, futhi lapho zibusika ngokwenele lapho umboza inhlabathi ungqimba lwamaqabunga angama-15- cm angama-20. Isikhathi sokuqala aqhakaza eneminyaka engama-4-6.
Ukuze kusatshalaliswe imifino, ukusikwa kuvunwa ebusika bese kugcinwa kuswakeme emgodini ongaphansi wabanda. Kodwa-ke, ezimeni zendawo ephakathi, i-Forsythia ivame ukusakazwa ukusikwa kwehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha amahlumela wemifino enezimpawu ezingapheli kakhulu. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuxhunyelelwa ngoJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Ukusikwa kwe-Forsythia kusikwa ngama-1-2 internode kude ne-0,5-1 cm ukusuka endaweni engeyona, amaqabunga aphansi ayasuswa, lawo angenhla anqunywe ngesigamu. Ukuze kube nokubuna okungcono futhi okusheshayo, ukusikwa kubekwa amahora angama-5-6 kusixazululo samanzi se-heteroauxin.
Imile esihlabathini somfula ebangeni elingamasentimitha angama-5-7 ukusuka komunye nomunye, ukujulisa ukusikeka ngo-2 cm. I-Forsythia ingagawulwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zefilimu, okuyinto abalimi abaningi abanayo endaweni yabo. Isimo sezulu esishisayo, izingadi zokugcina izithombo kufanele zisikwe futhi zisulwe ngo-4-5 ngosuku. Esikhathini sezulu esipholile, ukuthambisa isikhathi esanele kwanele. Emavikini la-4-5 ngemuva kokusika, izimpande zakheka ngo-70-100% we-Forsythia cuttings. Ngonyaka wokuqala, izitshalo zishiywe emhlabathini endaweni ebamba ukushisa, zimbozwe ubusika ngeqabunga kanye namagatsha esihlahla sonwele. Ngonyaka wesibili, iForsythia ingatshalwa emigqonyeni, futhi ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine ingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo lapho izitshalo eziningi eziqhakaza ngonyaka owodwa.
I-Forsythia, noma i-Forsythia.
Sengiphetha, ngithanda ukukhumbuza futhi ukuthi iForsythia yeza kithi ivela ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi iningi elinamaqabunga ebusika kakhulu lingahlupheka ebusika obukhulu - okuyingxenye yokukhula konyaka noma izimbali ezishibhile ziyafa uma ziphakeme kunesembozo seqhwa. Kodwa-ke, izimfanelo zokuhlobisa ezingajwayelekile zalezi zihlahlana zikufanelekela ukulinda ngesineke unyaka olandelayo, omuhle kakhulu bese uphinde ubone i-forsythia ekuxhakazeni okumihle.
Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe:
- U-E. Yakushina, oyisilungu sesayensi yezinto eziphilayo
