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Ingadi yemifino

Peas

I-herbaceous plant peas (i-Pisum) imele umndeni we-legume. Ivela eSouth-West Asia, lapho yaqala khona ukulinyelwa ezikhathini zasendulo. Ukwakheka kwama-peas aluhlaza kufaka i-carotene (provitamin A), uvithamini C, PP, amavithamini eqembu B, nosawoti we-manganese, phosphorus, potassium ne-iron. I-Pea futhi iqukethe i-lysine, okungenye yama-amino acid angavamile. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezi-3 zalesi sitshalo ziyatshalwa, okungukuthi: uphizi, okusanhlamvu, ifolishi nemifino - lokhu okwenziwa minyaka yonke kuyazenzakalelisisa futhi kubonakaliswa ngentuthuko esheshayo. Leli siko alithandwa hhayi ngoba lingumthombo wamaprotheni wemifino futhi liqukethe izinto eziningi ezilusizo emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa futhi ngoba ungumquba omuhle oluhlaza. I-peas iyisandulelo esihle kakhulu kuzo zonke izilimo ezitshalwe engadini.

Izici ze-Pea

Amandiya anohlelo olujulile lwezimpande. Ukuphakama kwesiqu esingamakhonkolo kungafinyelela ku-250 cm, okuncike ngqo ezinhlotsheni (ezijwayelekile noma ezijwayelekile). Amapuleti amaqabunga angabhanqwanga ayinkimbinkimbi aphela ezintabeni. Banamathisela isitshalo ekusekelweni, okusiza ukugcina isihlahla sisendaweni eqondile. Izimbali ze-bisexual self-pollinated, njengomthetho, zidwetshwe zimhlophe, kepha zimpepho ziyatholakala. Izimbali ze-pea ziqala izinsuku ezingama-30-55 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu. Esihlahleni esisebangeni lokuqala, i-peduncle yokuqala iluma kusuka emaphepheni angamaqabunga angama-6-8, ngenkathi izinhlobo ezivuthwa sekwephuzile ezivela emnothweni wamapheshana angama-12-24. Isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezi-1 noma ezi-2 sikhula isiqu esiseduze. Izithelo ziyibhontshisi, engaba nombala ohlukile, ukwakheka nosayizi kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Kukhona imbewu engu-4-10 ngaphakathi ubhontshisi, ongashwabaniswa noma ubushelelezi. Kufanele wazi ukuthi ikhasi lekhasi kanye nembewu ngaphakathi kwalo inombala ofanayo.

I-peas, njengazo zonke ezinye izitshalo zomndeni we-legume, ifaka isandla ekucebiseni inhlabathi nge-nitrogen. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezihlahla kusistimu yazo yezimpande, ukuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane anenzuzo kuyabonakala. Leli bhaktheriya lilungisa i-nitrogen abayidonsela umoya.

Ukutshala peas emhlabathini ovulekile

Isikhathi sokutshala

I-pea yisitshalo esifunwa kahle. Kodwa-ke, uma ulandela yonke imithetho ye-agrotechnical yalesi siko, ukwanda kwethanga kuzoba lula impela. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu enhlabathini evulekile kufanele kwenziwe ngezinsuku zokugcina zika-Ephreli (kusukela cishe ngosuku lwamashumi amabili), ngemuva kokuba ikhava leqhwa selincibilikile ngokuphelele futhi inhlabathi yomile kancane. Izithombo ezibonakala zikhula kahle futhi azife ngisho nokubandisa okukhulu kakhulu. Uma izinhlobonhlobo zinengqondo, ukuhlwanyela imbewu kungenziwa kusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi kaJulayi. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuhlwanyela imbewu yalesi siko enhlabathini evulekile kaningana kusukela ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli kuya kwelokuqala - Julayi, kuyilapho kufanele kugcinwe amabanga ayi-1.5 phakathi kwezilimo.

Imbewu idinga ukulungiswa kokuhlwanyelwa kwangaphambili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, badinga ukufuthelwa imizuzu engu-5 ngesixazululo esishisayo (esingama-40 degrees) we-boric acid, ukuyilungisa, hlanganisa ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi ne-2 amagremu we-asidi. Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sitshalo sihlala simelana kakhulu nezinambuzane nezifo eziyingozi, ngokwesibonelo, izibungu ze-nodule weevil. Lapho imbewu esenkingeni ye-acid idumba, kuzodingeka yomiswe ngokuphelele. Uma kungazelelwe ungakhange ukhule ukhule imbewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, khona-ke ingahlwanyelwa yomile emhlabathini ovulekile, ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa izodonsa kanye emhlabathini.

Umhlaba ofanele

Ukuze kutshalwe lolu siko emhlabathini ovulekile ukuze uphumelele, kuzodingeka wazijwayeze ngemithetho eminingana futhi uhambisane nakho:

  1. Indawo kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle.
  2. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kumele alale ajule ngokwanele, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo lwempande zezihlahla, olufinyelela emhlabathini amasentimitha ayi-100, lungathinteka kakhulu.
  3. I-peas ekhanyayo, igcwele izakhamzimba, ilungele i-peas, kuyilapho i-pH kufanele ibe yi-6-7. Lapho ukhule enhlabathini ene-acidic, izihlahla ziba buthaka futhi zigule.

Umhlabathi ompofu, futhi nokuthi lapho kunenani elikhulu le-nitrogen etholakala kalula, akulungele ukukhula isivuno esinjalo. Kukhona abalimi abahlwanyela ngepea ngqo embuthanweni oseduze wesiqu somuthi omncane we-apula. Umqhele wesihlahla esisha usuqala ukukhula, ngakho-ke ilanga selanele ngokwanele. I-Pea uqobo ifaka isandla ekucebiseni inhlabathi nge-nitrogen, enhle kakhulu ukukhula nokukhula kwesihlahla seapula. Uma ufuna ukuguqukela kule ndlela yokukhulisa uphizi, khona-ke esiqwini sesiqu somuthi kufanele uthele ungqimba lomhlabathi wezakhi ngobukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12.

Ochwepheshe baluleke ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala isiko elinjalo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekwindla, isiza kumele simbiwe ngamagremu angama-50 kuye kwangama-60 e-superphosphate kanye nama-20 kuya kwangama-30 amagremu kasawoti we-potassium nge-1 metres yesikwele kufanele kufakwe emhlabathini. Uma inhlabathi esakhiweni iyi-acidic, khona-ke lokhu kungalungiswa ngokungeza umlotha wokhuni kuyo, kuyilapho kusuka kumamitha-skwele ayi-1 kuya kwesikwele 1, 1 inani lokugcina lomlotha lincike kwinani lenkomba ye-acid. Ngokuqala kwesikhathi sentwasahlobo esilandelayo, i-saltpeter (nge-1 imitha skwele yesakhiwo sama-gramu ayi-10) kufanele ifakwe emhlabathini. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo siba nomthelela omubi kakhulu ekungenisweni komquba omusha emhlabathini, kodwa-ke, sikhula kahle emhlabathini okwathengiswa ngawo lapho kwenziwa ezinye izitshalo kuso. Abanduleli abahle kakhulu balesi siko ngamazambane, ukhukhamba, utamatisi, iklabishi kanye nethanga. Futhi ukuhlwanyelwa akunconywa kulezo zindawo lapho ubhontshisi, udali, uphizi, ubhontshisi, u-soya kanye namantongomane kukhule khona ngaphambi kwawo.

Imithetho yokufakelwa

Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngemifino enobukhulu obungama-50 kuye kwangama-70 mm kanye nobubanzi bamasentimitha ayi-15 kuya kwayi-20, okumele kwenziwe kuqala embhedeni. Ibanga phakathi kwama-grooves kufanele lilingane ne-0.5-0.6 m. Xuba umquba nomlotha wokhuni bese uthele inhlanganisela ewumphumela kuma-grooves, ungqimba ophumele ngaphezulu kufanele ufafazwe ngenhlabathi yengadi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukujula kwama-grooo embhedeni onomhlabathi osindayo kufanele kuhlale cishe angama-30 mm, nangomhlabathi okhanyayo - cishe ama-50 mm. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, ama-grooves ayi-1 kuye kwayi-15 kufanele ashiye imbewu eyi-15 kuye kwayi-17. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ibanga elinganiselwa ku-60 mm kufanele ligcinwe phakathi kwezimbewu. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-grooves embozwe ngenhlabathi, ingaphezulu lemibhede kumele inyathelwe ngokucophelela, okuzosiza ukugcina umswakama kuyo. Umbhede udinga ukuvikelwa kwizinyoni ezingadonsa uphizi emhlabeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele zimbozwe ngenethi yokudoba noma ifilimu elidlulelayo. Izithombo zokuqala zizovela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10. Phakathi kwemigqa embhedeni wepea ungatshala isaladi noma isithombo.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-pea

Ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu zekheyi kuqala kakade ekushiseni komoya okungu-4 kuya ku-7 degrees, kepha le nqubo yenziwa kangcono ngamadigri ayi-10. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isiko elinjalo lifinyelela kabi kakhulu ekushiseni, futhi uma lihlwanyelwa ngosuku lwabadala, kungenzeka ukuthi izitshalo ezikhulile ngeke zibe nokuqhakaza.

I-peas kumele iniswe kahle, ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ikhulule ingaphezulu lomhlabathi embhedeni, futhi isuse notshani lokhula. Isikhathi sokuqala lapho udinga ukukhulula khona umbhede ngemuva kwengxenye yenyanga ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo, kanti nesitshalo sizodinga ukusulwa. Ngemuva kokuphakama kwezihlahla kulingana no-0-0-0.25 m, ngokulandelana kufanele ufake izisekelo izitshalo ezizokhwela kuzo.

Ukuze wenze isivuno sibe esiningi, kufanele uthinte izihloko zezihlumela bese wenze lokhu ngokushesha okukhulu, ngemuva kwalokho kuzoqala ukubekelwa izihlahla eziningana. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, ungazincinda. Kunconywa ukuba unciphise izihlahla ekuseni kakhulu ngosuku oluhle, lapho kungenzeka ukuthi amanxeba angoma kahle ngaphambi kokuhlwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi izinambuzane eziyingozi zingahlala emithini noma zingathinteka ngalesi sifo, ngakho-ke kudingeka uzilungiselele ukuqala ngokushesha ukwelashwa kwezitshalo.

Ungaphuzisa kanjani

Lesi siko siba nomthelela omubi kakhulu ekushiseni komoya okuphezulu, yingakho ngesikhathi sesomiso isikhathi eside imvamisa nobuningi bokunisela kumele kwandiswe. Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe ukuchelela ngesikhathi lapho izimbali ziyaqhakaza ezihlahleni. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ingadi kufanele iniselwe cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-7. Lapho uphizi luzoqhakaza, kanye nalapho kumiswa izithelo, imvamisa yokunisela iyandiswa ngo-yebo kabili njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, i-peas kufanele futhi iniselwe kaningana ngesonto, kuyilapho kuthathwa amalitha ayi-1 kuya kwayi-10 kumitha eyodwa yesikwele. Lapho izihlahla ziniselwa, umhlabathi ongaphezulu kumele ukhululwe, ngenkathi ususa lonke utshani bokhula.

Umanyolo

Peas Kunconywa ukuba bondliwe kanye ukuchelela. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuchelela, ebhakedeni elilodwa lamanzi udinga ukuthulula 1 tbsp. l i-nitroammophoski bese uxuba konke kahle, lesi sixazululo kufanele sisetshenziselwe ukuthambisa imitha eyi-1 yokutshala. Faka esikhundleni se-nitroammophoska nesisombululo se-mullein. I-humus nomquba, kanye nomanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium kufanele usetshenziselwe umhlabathi kuqala ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezihlahla, bese kuthi emva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuphele, futhi okokugcina lokhu kwenziwa ekwindla ngenkathi kulungiswa indawo. Amanyolo aqukethe i-Nitrogen asetshenziswa enhlabathini entwasahlobo.

Garter

Emasimini e-pea, amahlumela abuthakathaka, futhi ngenxa yalokho, lapho kusungulwa izithelo, afakwa ngaphansi kwesisindo semidumba, kulokhu, adinga i-garter kuphela ekuxhaseni. Lokhu kusekelwa kungenziwa ngezinduku zensimbi noma ngezikhonkwane, okufanele zifakwe ngokuzinamathela emhlabathini ngokulandelana, futhi kubhekwe ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-50 phakathi kwazo. Kufanele kudonswe intambo noma ucingo phezu kwazo, futhi kufanele kube luvundlile. Iziqu zezitshalo lapho kukhona izintuthwane kufanele ziqondiswe kuloluxhaso, lapho zizothola khona isilinganiso esanele sokukhanya kwelanga bese zishaywa ngumoya. Uma ukusekelwa kungafakiwe, khona lapho izihlahla zizowa bese ziqala ukubola kusuka ekujuleni nasekuntuleni kokukhanya.

Izinambuzane nezifo zepea

Izinambuzane

Izinambuzane ezinjalo eziyingozi njengenundu lamaqabunga, inundu lethanga noma ingadi kanye ne-iklabishi scoops zingahlala ezihlahleni zethanga. Amaqabunga nezikhuphuke emafulethini esihlahla ayalelela iqanda. Izibungu zeLeafworm zidla amahlamvu, ngenkathi zizisongela kulo, futhi amacimbi aqwabayo ahlohla izingxenye zehlahla elisephezu komhlaba. Ngasikhathi sinye, amabhu amabhu abeka amaqanda awo ngaphezulu kwamahlamvu, izithelo nezimbali, kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7 izibungu ziqale ukudla intsholongwane.

Izifo

Okuyingozi kakhulu kumagesi yizifo ezinjenge-powdery hlobo kanye ne-mosaic. UMosaus yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane, namuhla asikho isidakamizwa esisebenzayo ekwelashweni kwaso. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngemithetho yokujikeleza kwezitshalo kanye nobuchwepheshe bezolimo balesi sitshalo, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kokuhlwanyelwa kwezimbewu. Emahlathini athintekile, ukukhula kuqala kwehla kancane bese kuvela amaqabunga ama-curly, bese ama-clove nawo akha emaphethelweni awo. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, kuvela amabala ama-necrotic emapuletini amaqabunga, kuyilapho imithambo ilahlekelwa umbala.

I-Sphereotka (i-Powdery isikhutha) yisifo sokukhunta. Amafomu okufaka umhlophe amhlophe ngaphezulu kwengxenye esemoyeni yesitshalo esinegciwane, okokuqala avele engxenyeni engezansi yesihlahla abese eyimboza ngokuphelele. Lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, ukuqhekeka nokufa kwezithelo kuyabonakala, kuyilapho iziqu namahlamvu anezimpawu ziphenduka mnyama futhi ziyafa.

Ukucutshungulwa kwe-pea

Uma i-peas ithinteka yi-mosaic, khona-ke wonke ama-bush anezifo asuswa enhlabathini futhi abhujiswe. Indawo ngokwayo kufanele ichithwe ngesisombululo esinamandla ngokwanele se-potanganum permanganate. Kuleli sayithi, kwenqatshelwe ukutshala noma yini okungenani unyaka owodwa. Ukulwa ne-powdery hlobo, kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo e-fungicidal ahlukahlukene, isibonelo: iTopazi, iFundazol, iQuadris, iTopsin noma i-Skor. Uma ufisa, ungasebenzisa amakhambi abantu ekulweni nalesi sifo, ngokwesibonelo:

  1. Ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi lixutshwe nama-gramu ayi-40 wensipho egayiwe kanye nenani elilinganayo lomlotha wesoda. Ngalesi sixazululo, kuzodingeka ukwelapha izihlahla ezithintekile amahlandla ama-2 ngekhefu lezinsuku eziyi-7.
  2. Amalitha ayi-10 wamanzi kufanele ahlanganiswe nama-0,3 kg amahlamvu wekhakhasi lokuhlwanyelwa. Ukuqanjwa kumele kuvunyelwe ukwenziwa njalo ebusuku. Ukumiliselwa okucijile kufanele kuphathwe ngezihlahla izikhathi ezi-2 ngekhefu lesonto.
  3. Kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa isigamu sebhakede ngokhula, ngemuva kwalokho kugcwaliswa phezulu ngamanzi ashisayo. Ukumnika kuzobe kulungele ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Umkhiqizo ohlungiwe uhlanjululwe ngamanzi (1: 10), emva kwalokho uphatha izihlahla ezithintekile.

Kuyadingeka ukufafaza amahlamvu kusihlwa, ngaphandle kwalokho ukushiswa yilanga kungavela endaweni yamaconsi abunjiwe. Ukususa amacimbi amaqabunga, ama-scoop kanye ne-codling moth, kubalulekile ukufafaza izitshalo ngokufakwa kukaphalagi wegalikhi noma utamatisi. Ukwenza ukumiliselwa kwetamatisi, udinga ukuxuba ama-3 kg wezinsika ezigotshwe ngebhakede lamanzi, umkhiqizo uyobe usulungile ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-1-2. Ukumiliselwa okuqinile kuzodinga ukufafaza amahlamvu e-pea. Amagremu ama-20 kagalikhi asuswe ngesipuni segalikhi ahlanganiswe nebhakede elilodwa lamanzi. Umkhiqizo uzolunga ngemuva kwamahora angama-24, emva kwalokho uhlungiwe bese usetshenziselwa ukwelapha izitshalo. Lezi infusions kuzosiza ukuqeda aphid.

Ukuvunwa kanye nokugcinwa kwe-pea

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30 isitshalo sesiqhakazile, ungaqala ukuvuna. Isikhathi sokwenza lesi siko sisuka ezinsukwini ezingama-35 kuye kwezingama-40. Isitshalo esinjalo isivuno esiningi, ngakho-ke, umhlangano wezithelo zawo wenziwa njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3. Izithelo zitholakala engxenyeni engezansi yesihlahla kuqala. Kungakapheli isizini eyodwa ukusuka ku-1 m2 imibhede ingasuswa mayelana ne-4 kg yezithelo, kepha lokhu kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle.

Esikhathini esiningi, abalimi bahlakulela izinhlobo zeshelling noshukela walesi sitshalo. Umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwethanga nethanga ukuthi awunalo ungqimba lwesikhumba emakhayeni, ngakho-ke izithelo ezingadliwayo zingadliwa kanye ne-pod uma ifisa. Ukuvunwa kwama-pods athambile ezitshalo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo kwenziwa njengoba ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe kutholakala, kusukela engxenyeni yesibili kaJuni. Ukuthi ngo-Agasti, izihlahla zaqala ukuqhakaza futhi, futhi banikeza isivuno sesibili, kubalulekile ukukhetha onke pods kusuka ezitshalweni kuya kwelinye. Ukuvunwa kwenziwa ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimali amahlumela abuthakathaka.

Ukuvunwa kwezithelo ezinhlobonhlobo zenziwa kwenziwa kusukela ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJuni kuze kube ekwindla njengoba zivuthwa. Njengoba le nhlobonhlobo isikhulile ukuze ikhiqize uphizi oluhlaza, izithelo kudingeka zivunwe ngenkathi zisashelelekile futhi zinombala ofanayo. Amaphodwe anegridi edonswe kuphela asetshenziselwa okusanhlamvu.

Ama-peas aluhlaza, empeleni, awafundeki, futhi ochwepheshe bathi izithelo zisesigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Akunakugcinwa kusha isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ifakwe iqhwa noma ikheniwe. Kukhona enye indlela yokonga ukuvuna. Ukuze wenze lokhu, peas athululelwa emanzini ashisayo futhi avunyelwe ukubilisa imizuzu emi-2. Ngemuva kwalokho iphonswa ku-colander futhi ihlanjululwe ngamanzi abandayo kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele ibekwe kuhhavini ukufuthelwa ngamadigri angama-45, lapho kufanele ihlale khona imizuzu eyi-10.Ama-peas adonswayo kufanele apholisiswe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni amahora ayi-1.5, emva kwalokho afakwa futhi endaweni yokucima ukoma afinyelela kuma-60 degrees. Uma kufiswa, peas ingomiswa kuhhavini eshidini lokubhaka, kepha kulokhu kuzofanela kufakwe ushukela. Lapho i-peas isilungile, izothola umbala oluhlaza okotshani, kanti nengaphezulu laso lizoqhuma. Ingagcinwa isikhathi eside esanele. Peas esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwemvelo ingagcinwa iminyaka eminingana, uma konke kwenziwa kahle:

  • izithelo kufanele zivuthwe ngokuphelele;
  • ngaphambi kokulondolozwa, uphizi womile ngokuphelele;
  • ukuze igcinwe ibekwe endaweni lapho kungekho ukufinyelela kwezinambuzane.

Ngaphambi kokugcina uphizi, kufanele ulungiswe futhi womiswe egumbini elinomoya omuhle wezinsuku ezingama-2-3, ngenkathi ulisakaza emashidini amaphepha ahlanzekile. Izindwangu, iphepha noma izikhwama zepulasitiki azilungele ukugcina uphizi olwenziwe ngomumo, ngoba izinambuzane zingena kalula. Ochwepheshe batusa ukusetshenziswa kwezimbiza zeglasi enezinsimbi ezisontekile zokugcina uphizi. Iqiniso ngukuthi izembozo ezenziwe nge-kapron ngeke zikwazi ukukuvikela ngokuthembekile kwizilokazane.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zophizi

Kukhona uhlobo lomifino wethanga noma ukuhlwanyela (i-Pistum sativus), lubonakala ngokuhlukahluka kofuzo. Ukubhaliswa kwaso kuhluke komunye komunye ngezimbali, amahlamvu, imbewu nezithelo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlukaniswa kunentshisekelo kochwepheshe kuphela. Kwabalimi, ukuhlukaniswa okubalulekile kwezinhlobo zepea ukuvuthwa: ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile, okuphakathi nokuqala. Futhi, izinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswe ngenjongo yazo okuhlosiwe, incazelo yazo izonikezwa ngezansi.

I-Shelling (i-Pisum sativum convar. Sativum)

Imbewu yezitshalo ezinjalo ibushelelezi, iqukethe inani elikhulu lesitashi, kodwa ushukela omncane wamahhala. Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zalolu hlobo zifaka okulandelayo:

  1. Dakota. Izinhlobo zokuqala ezivuthiwe zimelana nezifo nokukhiqiza. Amapheya makhulu.
  2. Isimangaliso semifino. Izinhlobo ezivuthwa eziphakathi nendawo ezimelana nezifo. Ubukhulu bama-pods buba ngamasentimitha ayi-10 - 11, uphizi unokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, ungagcinwa futhi udle okusha.
  3. Dinga. Le nhlobonhlobo enobuhlakani yadalwa abafuyi baseJalimane. Ubude bama-pods agobile kancane asuka kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-11, aqukethe amapharethi angu-9-11 anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Zingaba emakhontini noma zidle okusha.
  4. Somerwood. Le nhlobonhlobo esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo-ebunjiwe ibonakala ngokukhiqiza nokumelana nezifo. Ubude be-pod lisuka ku-8 kuya ku-10 amasentimitha, aqukethe imbewu eyi-6-10.
  5. Jof. Le nhlobonhlobo esekupheleni kwesikhathi iyamelana nezifo. Ubude bama-pods busuka ku-8 kuya ku-9 amasentimitha, aqukethe uphizi obumnandi.
  6. Bingo. Le nhlobo sekwephuzile inezivuno eziphezulu kanye nokumelana nezifo. Ngobhontshisi, ngokwesilinganiso, kunezinhlamvu ezi-8, ezihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okuphezulu.

Ubuchopho (i-Pisum sativum convar.medullary)

Esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezinto eziphilayo, amathiphu kulezi zinhlobonhlobo aqothuka, kodwa kunconyelwa ukuwasebenzisa esiteji sokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe. Ukwakheka kwephizi kufaka inani elikhulu loshukela, maqondana nalokhu ahlanganiswa emthonjeni futhi asetshenziselwa iqhwa. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi:

  1. U-Alfa. Le nhlobo evuthiwe kakhulu isihlahla (hhayi indawo). Isikhathi sesikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingama-55. Ubhontshisi unesimo esinjenge-saber esigobe kancane esinompipi obukhali. Ubude bama-pods cishe amasentimitha ayi-9, kunezinhlavu ezi-5,9 kuzo, zinambitheka okuphezulu.
  2. Inombolo yocingo. Le nhlobonhlobo yokuvuthwa sekwephuzile kwe-amateur ibonakala ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye namahlumela amade kakhulu (ukuphakama cishe okungama-300 cm). Ubude bama-pods ngamasentimitha ayi-11, aqukethe kusuka ku-7 kuya ku-9 peas ezinkulu ezimnandi zombala oluhlaza.
  3. I-Adagum. Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo yaphakathi nesizini. Peas ezivuthiwe zinombala oluhlaza-ophuzi ngombala futhi zinokuqina okuhle kakhulu.
  4. Ukukholwa. Le nhlobonhlobo yokuvuthwa kokuqala ibonakala ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ubude ubhontshisi ngamasentimitha angama-6 - 2, aqukethe kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-10 mbewu.

Ushukela (i-Pisum sativum convar.axiphium)

Kulezi zinhlobonhlobo, uphizi lushwabene futhi luncane. Awukho ungqimba wesikhumba emakhodweni, ngakho-ke uphizi ungadliwa kanye ne-pod. Izinhlobo ezidumile:

  1. I-Ragweed. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kunengqondo. Amabhasi adinga ukwesekwa.
  2. Zhegalova 112. Le nhlobonhlobo yaphakathi nesizini ibonakala ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ubude bamafoloko amancane agobekile noma aqondile ngamasentimitha ayi-10–15, ichopho ilubuthuntu. Ngaphakathi kwazo kukhona kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-7 uphaya onothile noshukela.
  3. Ushukela Oregon. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakathi ekuqaleni. Ubude ubhontshisi cishe amasentimitha ayishumi, aqukethe kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-7 peas.
  4. Isimangaliso sikaKelvedon. Le nhlobonhlobo yokuvuthwa kokuqala ibonakala ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ubude bebhontshisi busuka ku-6 kuya ku-8 amasentimitha, aqukethe imbewu engu-7 noma eyi-8 enkulu ebushelelezi ngombala oluhlaza okotshani.

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