Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ezenzelwe ukwakha ukwakheka okuhle kwesakhiwo esakhiweni somuntu siqu zifaka zombili izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingafani nhlobo nokuguqulwa kwezihlahla nezihlahla ezijwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa sisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwengadi. Kuyinto engathandekiyo ezimweni zokukhula kwayo futhi ivezwa ngokuzalanisa ngendlela yezinhlobo nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. I-chic ekhethekile ukutshala isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa esinamaqabunga abomvu. Lesi sitshalo sikuvumela ukuba wakhe ama-accents akhanyayo futhi uhlobise ngisho namakhona amnyama engadini. Funda ukuthi umuthi we-apula wokuhlobisa usetshenziswa kanjani ekwakhiweni kwengadi nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona zokutshala - funda kule ndaba.
Incazelo yesiko lokuhlobisa isihlahla sama-apula nesithombe saso
Ngokwesiko, lesi isihlahla esiphansi, esingaphezulu komqhele waso sivame ukufinyelela kumamitha ayi-10. Izihlahla zomhlobiso ze-apula nazo zingaba izinhlobo zesiko ezingcolile. UCrohn lapho kungekho izihlahla owakheka ngesimo se-oval ovundayo noma ibhola. Ezinye izinhlobo zingathela izithelo ngempumelelo, kepha izithelo azinazo izakhiwo ezinhle ze-organoleptic. Umbala wegxolo lesiqu ungasukela ku-pastel grey tint ube umbala o-brown ocebile. Lapho ukhetha izinhlobo ezihlukene zokuhlobisa izihlahla zama-apula, ukunakwa okukhethekile kuyakhokhelwa ukwakheka nombala wepuleti leqabunga. Ezinye izinhlobo zimelelwa ngombala obomvu kanye nesikhathi eside samaqabunga angawa ekwindla. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udale izindawo ezinhle kakhulu zomhlaba ngisho nangokwakhiwa okuncane kwengxube yenhlabathi kanye nezimo zezulu eziphikisayo. Ubuningi bezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa zinesisindo esinyantisayo sombala oluhlaza ogcwele, oguqulwa ube yisiphikiso siphuzi nobomvu imibala kuphela ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Ubude obuphakathi kweshidi le-ellipsoidal noma iplamu lifana ne-100 mm.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umqhele wonke umbozwe ngezimbali ezinamakha, angafinyelela kububanzi obungama-40 mm. Umbala oyinhloko umhlophe, ongaba nemithunzi ehlukahlukene ebomvana, ipiyano, uphondo lwendlovu, njll. Izimbali ezizodwa ziqoqwa emalokishini ama-inflorescence ngosizo lwemilenze. Ukwakhiwa kwezithelo kuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Maphakathi nembali ngayinye kunesithako, esikhula kancane kancane sigcwale ngepulpiti. Umbala wangaphandle wezithelo uluhlaza ekuqaleni, khona-ke, njengoba uvuthwa, uguquka ube ophuzi nobomvu.
Ukuchazwa kwesihlahla sokuhlobisa i-apula bekungeke kuphelele uma singashongo ngendawo eyodwa emangalisayo yalesi siko lengadi. Lezi zihlahla zinokumelana okumangazayo nezinto ezimbi zemvelo. Lesi yisiko elwa neqhwa, elikhula ngempumelelo ngisho nasezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho zezwe lethu.
Ungabona izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa ezithombeni ezethulwe kuleli khasi:
Ukutshala isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa
Lesi sitshalo segadi sithanda ukukhula okusebenzayo indawo ekhanyiswe kahle enomoya opholile, okukuvumela ukuba ujovulele izimbali ngokushesha. Akudingekile ukusebenzisa inhlabathi enezakhiwo ezingekho kahle ukulungiselela isihlalo. Ukutshala isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa kungenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla yokuqala. Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla kuzothatha isikhathi ukumpande futhi ulungiselele isihlahla ubusika obulandelayo. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa akwenziwa ngaphambi kweminyaka eyishumi kaSeptemba.
Njengomthetho, wokutshala, noma ngabe izinto zokutshala ezenziwe ngomumo zisetshenziswa ngendlela yokusika okugxilile, noma imbewu engavunwa ekwindla ngokwakho. Ngokulungela kwabo, ingane iyalethwa esimweni sokwenza imibimbi yangaphandle. Ngemuva kwalokhu, imbewu iyasuswa okufanele ifakwe ngaphansi kwe-stratation elandelayo ukuze kwandiswe iphesenti lokuhluma. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka imbewu yomiswe kahle izinsuku ezingama-30 eshalofini elingaphezulu kwesiqandisi.
Ukutshala isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa ngembewu kwenziwa maphakathi no-December ekhaya emabhokisini anenhlabathi eyakhiwe kahle nenamanyolo. Amahlumela okuqala avela emva kwezinsuku ezingama-20 kuye kwezingama-30. Ukukhethwa kwenziwa esigabeni 2 salawa maqabunga. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izithombo zikhula ngokushesha, kepha zidinga ukukhanyiselwa okwengeziwe ukuze zivikele amahlumela ekwelashweni. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngamanyolo anzima we-mullein. Ukufika ngemuva kokusatshiswa kwamafrimu okubuya kwentwasahlobo kudlula. Ukuqina okuqinile kokuqala kwezithombo kuyadingeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, badinga ukujwayela kancane kancane izimo zomhlaba ovulekile, nsuku zonke bethatha iziqukathi ezinezithombo zingene emoyeni ovulekile isikhathi esifushane.
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa kumele zifakwe esitokisini esifanele ngaphambi kokutshala. Lezi zinhlobo ezifana nesihlahla sokuhlobisa i-apula iNedzvetsky neRoyalty. Uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukuzithenga ngohlobo oluphelile ngezithombo. Kwezinye izimo, ngokwesibonelo, ekwakhiweni kwama uthango, kusetshenziswa izithombo zasendle zezihlahla zama-apula asemahlathini. Zizala ngokuzitshala futhi ngokuvamile azilahlekeli izakhiwo zazo zokuhlobisa lapho zitshalwa.
Ukutshala isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa kuqala ngezindawo zokuhlela ukubekwa kwawo. Kuvame ukunconywa ukuthi ibanga phakathi kwezithombo lingamamitha ayi-5 lapho uhlela ukuthola amasimu aqinile futhi okungenani amamitha ayi-15 aqukethe eyodwa.
Izimbobo zokufakelwa zilungiswa ngokuya ngeplani elilungiselelwe kwangaphambili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bamba umgodi wokufika ongaphansi kuka-40 cm. Umquba noma i-humus wethulwa ezansi. Sebenzisa umquba omusha akunconywa. E-compote, umhlaba umbozwe ungqimba ongafinyelela ku-10 cm. Bese kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi bese kuhlanganiswa yonke ingxubevange. Kuyathululwa amalitha ama-5 wamanzi bese kuthi isihlahla se-apula somhlobiso sibekiwe. Kancane kancane, ngokukhula kohlelo lwezimpande, kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa umgodi. Ukunisela kakhulu ngamanzi - okungenani amalitha ayi-10 kwisithombo ngasinye. Ukuchelela okuphindaphindekayo kuyadingeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili. Bese ukuthambisa kwenziwa kanye ngeviki. Ingaphezulu elizungeze isithombo kumele lihlanganiswe ngezinaliti zikaphayini noma sawdust elibunjiwe.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula zokuhlobisa: izithombe nezincazelo ezimfushane
Usebenzisa ukukhetha kwezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, ungakha izindawo ezinhle zomhlaba ezizothokozisa iso ngezimbali eziqhakaza isikhathi eside ukusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya phakathi nehlobo. Engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi, ukuhlobisa kufakwa kwizithelo ezincane ezinobukhulu obuncane obotshwe ngombala okhanyayo.
Lapho ukhetha izinhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa, amaphuzu amaningi kufanele anakwe:
- ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sezimbali sohlobo olulodwa luhlala kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuye kwezingu-15;
- ezinye izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula zokuhlobisa ziyakwazi ukwakheka kwezimbali isikhathi eside, lokhu kwandisa isikhathi sezimbali;
- kunemibala ehlukahlukene yezimbali namaqabunga;
- inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele iyatholakala lapho utshala izihlahla eziseduze ezinezimbali ezingamaqhwa amhlophe qhwa nezimbali ze-carmine.
Izakhiwo ezikhethekile zokuhlobisa zitholakala ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa njengezimpunga, i-Tsumi yaseJapan, i-East Asia Hubei, nesihlahla samahhabhula saseNedzvetsky. Sinikeza futhi ngokufunda izincazelo ezifushane bese ubona izithombe zezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa.
Umuthi we-apula wokuhlobisa "Ukhula"
Elinye igama lalezi zinhlobonhlobo umfula. Yangeniswa ekuzaleni cishe okungashintshiwe, kwasendle. Itholakala cishe kuyo yonke indawo endalweni yezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika. Ikhula ngokunakekelwa okufanele kuze kube amamitha ayi-12 ukuphakama futhi inamagatsha amade avumayo, lapho inqubo yokukhula kwamahlamvu amaningi nezithelo ezivuthiwe zithambekele emhlabathini. Kungakho lesi sihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa sabizwa ngokuthi "Ukhula". Ikhula kahle kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe lethu, ngoba ayesabi ngisho nokuqandeka okukhulu ngenxa yokugoqwa kwamagxolo.
Isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa seNedzvetsky
Isihlahla sama-apula sikaNedzvetsky sokuhlobisa yiqembu lezinhlobonhlobo zonke, ngaphandle kokukodwa, ezifuywa ngendlela enomdlwana futhi zihlukaniswa ngezindawo eziphakeme zabathengi. Isici esiyingqayizivele sesihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa seNedzvetsky ukuphakama okuncane kwesihlahla nomqhele obunamaqabunga obanzi obuningi. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kwesitshalo kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-5.5. Kepha umqhele ungasatshalaliswa ngamamitha angama-6,6 ezungeze isiqu esimaphakathi.
Lapho utshala lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa, umuntu kufanele alungiselele isikhathi sezimbali esingalibaleki ebuhleni baso. Iqiniso ngukuthi umuthi okhethekile, i-anthocyanin, uqongelela ezimbali ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesihlahla. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi kuvulwa ama-buds, kuvela amacembe ansomi, ngokumangazayo kumabala awo emibala.
Isihlahla sama-apula esihlobisa ngamahlamvu abomvu
Ubukhazikhazi bokuphikisana kwemibala kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula bunikezwa ngesihlahla samahhabhula sokuhlobisa esinamaqabunga abomvu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zama-apula abomvu zokuhlobisa zi-hybrid futhi zimelana kakhulu nezimo ezikhulayo. Akuvamisile ukuthinteka yisibanda nezinye izifo zezitshalo ezingama-apula.
Isihlahla sama-apula esibomvu esihlotshisiwe sakha amaqabunga abomvu kusukela ekuqaleni kokubukeka kwawo kusuka kuma-buds. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kufinyelela kumamitha ama-4, futhi ububanzi bomqhele buyi-3 metres. Ukuhlobisa izihlahla zama-apula ezinamaqabunga abomvu kungaqhubeka nokujabulisa iso ngesiphithiphithi se-aimura ehlobo lonke, futhi kungashintsha kancane kancane umqhele wawo wokuhlobisa ube luhlaza wamerald lapho izithelo zivuthwa. Nayi i-metamorphosis. Okokuqala, kuvela amaqabunga abomvu kanye nama-inflorescence amhlophe qhwa, bese umuthi uguquka kancane kancane ube isihlahla samatshe esinezimbali ezigcwele ubhavu. Zonke izihlahla zama-apula abomvu zinomelana neqhwa futhi zikhula kahle futhi zithela izithelo ezindaweni eziningi zaseRussia, kufaka phakathi i-Urals, iSiberia kanye nomgwaqo ophakathi nendawo.
Isihlahla sama-apula somhlobiso samahhala sasebukhosini nesithombe saso
Uma ubekezela futhi ufuna ngempela ukubona isiko elingabekezeleleki futhi elihle kakhulu engadini yakho, khona-ke ungakhetha lolu hlobo lokutshala. Isihlahla sama-apula sasebukhosini esingamahhala sithathwa ngokukhula kancane nokukhula komqhele. Iyabekezelela isithwathwa kanye neqhwa elinzima lasebusika, kepha kuyadingeka kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwenhlabathi. Ayikubekezeleli ukudluliselwa nokuqina komswakama. Uma utshala i-apula Royal elihlobisayo engadini yakho, khona-ke emva kweminyaka eyi-8 - 10 ungathola isihlahla esinokuphakama kwethonya kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-5 nobubanzi bomqhele kuze kufike kumamitha angama-4. Kepha ukulinda kukufanele. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwakheka kwengadi kuzobe kuhlotshiswe ngesihlahla sama-apula esihle kakhulu sokuhlobisa esinamaqabunga acwebezelayo acishe abe umbala onsomi onsomi. Kancane kancane, eduze nasekwindla, baba bomvu ogcwele, kepha ungalahli umphumela wabo wokuhlobisa.
Bheka isihlahla sama-apula saseRoyalty esithombeni kuleli khasi:
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi izithelo zalokhu okuhlukahlukene azidliwe futhi kungaholela ekutheni ubuthi bokudla obukhulu bube. Akufanele utshale izitshalo ezinjalo ezingadini lapho kukhona khona izingane ezincane.
Isihlahla sama-apula esihlobisayo "Robin"
Izinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla zomhlobiso we-apula ziyizilwane ezinhle kakhulu hhayi ngesikhathi sokuvula kwe-bud, kodwa esigabeni sokukhula kwazo nentuthuko. Izinhlobo ezinjalo isihlahla sama-apula esihlobisa "uRobin". Unekhono elimangalisayo lokugcina umbala ocebile we-raspberry wama-buds aqoqiwe lapho eqhakaza. Zonke izimbali zine-tint ebomvu ecebile futhi iphuma iphunga elibuthakathaka raspberry ovuthiwe. Ebudaleni, lokhu kuphansi, kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-4,5 ukuphakama, isihlahla esinomqhele osasazekayo ngesimo sebhola okusaqanda.
Isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa "isiShayina"
IKitayka "yinhlobonhlobo yezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa ezinezithelo ezidliwayo, lapho omama bezindlu benza ujamu kanye nama-compotes. Lolu hlobo oluhlukahlukene lwezihlahla zama-apula lingezinhlobo zasendle futhi luphuma kahle ezivandeni ezitholakala ngisho nasezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho nezwe lethu. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, singakhula ngo 20-30 cm njalo ngonyaka.Uminyaka yobudala emi-5, ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwesiqu esingafika kumamitha ayi-10. Isihlahla sama-apula esihlobisa "Kitayka" siyiqoqo lezimbali zase-emerald nezimbali ezimhlophe ezihambisana nalokho ezinikeza umbono wokuqhakaza foam stably.
Izihlahla ze-apula ezihlobisayo "Iphayona", "Ola" no "Makamik"
Izihlahla ze-apula ezihlobisayo "Iphayona", "Ola" no "Makamik" zihlukaniswa ngomqhele wazo omuhle kakhulu nokukhula okuphansi. Lezi zihlahla zinhle kakhulu ngokwakha uthango oluhlaza, ngoba zihlukaniswa ukukhula okusheshayo okukhohlisayo futhi ziboleke ngokuphelele ekwakhekeni komqhele ngokuthena amahlumela amasha njalo.
Izimbali zezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa zesihlahla sama-apula "u-Ola" ziyehluka ngethanga, ngenkathi "I-Pioneer" enombala oshubile wokuqhakaza izimbali namaphalishi avula kuwo. Izinhlobo zezimbali zezihlahla zama-apula zokuhlobisa "Makamik" zizothokozisa ngama-pink shades kanye ne-pastel gamut ebomvu.
Ukuhlobisa i-apula Royal Ubuhle (ubuhle basebukhosini)
Isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa iRoyal Beauty sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwengadi yemvelo. Lokhu kuyinto ehlukahlukene yesiko lengadi, etholakala ngendlela eyi-hybrid futhi ebonakala ngokwanda okusheshayo kwesimila esiluhlaza okwenziwe ngemifino. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo esidala kufinyelela kumamitha ama-3, futhi umqhele obabazekayo ungathatha isikhala kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ubukhulu kusuka kusiqu. Amagatsha a drooping anikeza isihlahla sama-apula ukubukeka okulila okukhanga ngokukhethekile kulolu hlobo lokuhlobisa lwe-apula. Lapho amaqabunga eqhakaza, iba nombala onsomi onsomi. Kancane kancane, imithambo eluhlaza ibonakala maphakathi nehlobo, kanti ekwindla amahlamvu ajabulisa iso ngombala obomvu we-emerald.
Isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa uRudolph (Malus Rudolph)
Uma kudingekile ukuthola izihlahla ezinkulu ezinobukhulu ngesikhathi esifushane bese uhlobisa umklamo wengadi nomuthi we-apula wokuhlobisa, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezikhethekile ze-hybrid. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isihlahla sama-apula sokuhlobisa uRudolph (Malus Rudolph). Lesi sihlahla esikhulu esinamandla afinyelela kumamitha ayi-5 ubude nomqhele onamaqabunga osakazekayo. Amaqabunga efomu lase-classical futhi anemibala eluhlaza ecebile. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza nezimbali ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zingahlala kuze kube inyanga eyi-1, enikeza lokhu okuhlukahlukene kwezihlahla zokuhlobisa kwama-apula izakhiwo ezimangalisayo zabathengi. Izimbali zimhlophe, ziqoqwe kuma-umbrela inflorescence. Ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali, kukhiwa ama-aphula amakhulu kakhulu. Izithelo zifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-3 cm futhi zingadliwa zisefomeni ebanzi. Ama-apula anombala ophuzi woju, obukeka unenzuzo ngokumelene nesizinda samaqabunga aluhlaza we-emerald agcina amaqabunga awo ekwindla sekwephuzile.
