Kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba, abantu bathanda imbali ebizwa ngokuthi i-viola. Emazweni amaningi ibizwa ngokuthi i-violet. Ngenxa yombala okhanyayo osibhakabhaka eRussia, ubizwa ngokuthi ama-pansies. Futhi e-Ukraine, elinye igama livamile - bazalwane, ngoba izimbali zibukeka zifana, kepha wonke umuntu unombala ohlukile. IViola isitshalo esingenakulinganiswa engadini, ayidalanga nkathazo kubanikazi bayo, ngakho-ke ithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi.
Kunezinhlobo zezilwane zasendle ezingaba ngu-500. Zijwayelekile kuyo yonke iplanethi. Ama-Violets akhetha isimo sezulu esifudumele, kepha futhi atholakala ezindaweni eziphansi.
UViola, njengesiko lengadi, waqala ukukhula isikhathi eside kakhulu. I-violet enamakha yayitshalwe ezivandeni zezindela ezinkulungwaneni ezimbalwa ezedlule. Ukuba khona kwama-warts we-tone amabili kudala kwaziwa, kepha ngokwesiko kwavela ngekhulu le-XVIII, njenge-Altai violet. Ngenxa yalezi zitshalo, ngekhulu le-19, kwatholakala i-Wittrock hybrid viola. Manje selingatholakala ezingadini eziningi. Ngezimbali zayo ezikhanyayo, iyajabulisa kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ehlobo. Imibala yayo ebabazekayo ingahlobisa noma iyiphi ingadi yezimbali.
Njengomthetho, "amapani" abizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-viola oluhlanganisiwe oluphakanyisiwe noyedwa phansi. I- "Violet" iyinhlobo ekhulayo yasendle, lapho amacembe amabili ebheka phezulu futhi amathathu ephansi.
UViola unamaqabunga amancane wombala oluhlaza okotshani. Ijamo lazo li-oval, kanti imiphetho yenziwa isitebele. Izimbali azikashadi, kunalokho zikhulu, zingamasentimitha ayi-10. I-whisk inombala ohlukahlukene. Esikhathini esiningi, amacembe aphezulu nangaphansi anemibala ehlukene. Kukhona ama-violets anemibala emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi. Zicacile futhi zinabala.
Abalimi abaningi bakhulisa ama-pansies njengesitshalo seminyaka emibili. Kepha le mbali ingabonakala imbali. Ama-viol aneminyaka emibili anezimbali eziqhakazile, izimbali ezinkulu ezinemibala egqamile. Baqala ukuqhakaza kuqala. Isikhathi sezimbali sihlala kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.
ISamosev yindlela elula yokusakaza ama-violets. Lapho imbewu ivuthwa, ihlwanyelwa ku-infield. Ngasikhathi sinye, ziqala ukumila ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ezinyangeni zokuqala ekwindla. Ukuze izimbali ezinhle ziqhakaze ngaphambili, izitshalo ezincane kufanele zitshale ekwindla. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuze ama-violets abe nohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande. Amapayipi ajwayelana kahle nendawo entsha. Ngasikhathi sinye, izimbali ezisezihlahleni zama-violets akufanele zinqunywe.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-violet ekwakhiweni kwengadi
UViolet uqala ukuqhakaza ekuseni kakhulu. Amakhaphethi anemibala yamapani abukeka emangalisa. Zizobukeka zihlobisa kakhulu uma utshala ama-primroses noma ezinye izimbali zasentwasahlobo eduze kwazo.
IViola ingasetjenziselwa amathala we-landscaping kanye nama-balconies. Izitsha zasengadini ezinamapayipi ngeke zishiya noma ngubani anganendaba. Ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ungakha amalungiselelo amahle wezimbali. Ochwepheshe abaningi bokuklanywa komhlaba bancoma ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo zasendle nezamasiko pansies. Ungatshala insimu viola engadini. I-violet enemibala emithathu icishe ibe khona njalo e-law Moorish. I-Fragrant violet isembozo esithandwayo esilungele izindawo ezinomthunzi. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni, i-viola iheha ngobuhle bayo, ukubukeka kwayo kwasekuqaleni kanye nemibala.
Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Pansy
Ukukhetha kwesihlalo
Iningi lama-violet lizozizwa ezindaweni elikhanyiswe kahle. Le mibala ebukekayo iyindawo efanele futhi enomthunzi omncane. I-furt enamakha ithanda isithunzi esikhanyayo. Izokhula kangcono ezindaweni ezinomswakama ngokulinganayo.
Izitshalo ezincane kufanele zitshalwe emibhedeni yezimbali, ngigcina isikhashana esingama-10- 20 cm. Ukutshala obukhulu kungenye yezimpawu zobungozi ekwakhiweni kokubola kwezimpande.
Inhlabathi
UViolet uthathwa njengesitshalo esingathobeki, kepha kungcono ukungawuthathela inhlabathi evulekile, evundile. Umhlaba wokulima kufanele ube namadonsa amahle ukuze amanzi angazami kuwo.
Emhlabathini ompofu nesihlabathi, ama-violets akhula kabi, futhi izimbali zawo ziba zincane. Ukugwema le nkinga, umquba womquba nge-humus kumele ungezwe emhlabathini.
Ukunisela
Amapayipi adinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo. Umswakama owedlulele uqondiswe kubo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-violets angabola. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bakubekezelela kahle ukushisa okungajwayelekile, esimweni sezulu esomile, ukunisela kufanele kwandiswe. Ekushiseni badinga ukuniselwa nsuku zonke, bekhulula inhlabathi njalo. Ngenxa yomiswa kwenhlabathi, i-viola ilahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Izama ukugcina umswakama, izihlahla zigobela phansi. Izimbali ziba mncane futhi zingafani. Izimbali ziyama.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukukhula okungcono nentuthuko, inhlabathi lapho ipansies ikhula khona ichuma kakhulu ngomanyolo wamaminerali. Lesi sitshalo sinikezwa i-nitrogen ukuze amahlamvu aqweqwe futhi aluhlaza. IPhosphorus ne-potassium ziyadingeka ukuze kufakwe imibala yezimbali. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungawudlulisi ngamanyolo e-nitrogen. I-nitrogen ethe xaxa enhlabathini enomswakama inomthelela ekukhuleni kwezifo zokukhunta.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Lapho kukhula ama-pansies, abatshali bezimbali abavami ukuhlangana nezifo nezinambuzane. Ingozi enkulu kuma-violets izibungu zezinambuzane ezihlala emhlabathini. Lokhu ukwelashwa okuthandwayo kwezibungu. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sihlaselwa ngama-aphid nezikhova. Ukuzihlukanisa kulula ngokwanele. Ukulwa nawo, kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile angatholakala ezitolo zezimbali. Uma imithetho yokunakekelwa kwe-viola ingalandelwa, izifo ezifana ne-powdery hlobo, amabala, ukubola kwezimpande, umlenze omnyama zingavela.
Ukuzala
UViolet uyakwazi ukusakazeka ngembewu nokusikwa. Imvamisa, indlela yenzalo isetshenziselwa ukuthola inzalo entsha. Ukuze ulondoloze umbala othakazelisa wezimbali, amapani asakazwa ngokusikwa.
Asikho isidingo sokusabalalisa ngokuthe ngqo i-tricolor noma i-violet enamakha. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, lezi zinhlobo ziyazinakekela. Zikhula kahle enhlabathini evundile evundile. Ungamangali lapho kuvela izihlahla ezintsha ngaphansi kwesihlahla sebhusha noma emzileni.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo, i-viola ihlwanyelwa ngezikhathi ezihlukile zonyaka. Uma ufuna ukuthola isitshalo sonyaka esizoqhakaza ekuqaleni kwehlobo, izithombo zihlwanyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Itshalwe ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma kumakhreyithi. Njengomthetho, amahlumela okuqala avela ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3 futhi aphonswa emhlabathini, futhi ngoMeyi atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Izitshalo ezinjalo ziyaqhakaza ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Lapho kukhula ama-pansies njengesitshalo esineminyaka emibili, ukuhlwanyela imbewu endaweni evulekile kwenziwa ngokushesha emva kokuvuthwa, kukhethwa imibhede efanelekile. Ukuze imbewu ikhule kahle, ingathathelwa indawo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, lapho kukhona ukuqhakaza nezimbali ezihlahleni. Babekezelela ukufakelwa ngokuphelele.
Ukuthola izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zamapani, kusetshenziswa indlela yokusabalalisa enjengokusika okuluhlaza. Inqubo ingenziwa kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Njengoba ukusika kuthatha iziqongo eziluhlaza amahlumela, kuzo kukhona izindawo ezingama-2-3. Zidinga ukutshalelwa endaweni emnyama, zijule ngokujulile ngo-5 cm. Kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukufafaza izithombo ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala. Njengomthetho, ukusikwa kwe-rooting kuthatha amasonto ama-2-3. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele zinakekelwe futhi zigcinwe emhlabathini omanzi onesizotha. Ukuze kube nokubangwa okungcono, ukusikwa kumbozwe ngephepha elinganyisiwe ezinsukwini zokuqala. Emva kwalokho, ngeke zibole. Izimbumbulu ziniselwa njalo, zifafazwe, ukhula olukhula eduze luyakhula. Lapho ukusikwa kwe-rooting ngoMeyi, izimbali zokuqala zivela ehlobo. Uma uzimpande kamuva, ziyoqhakaza ngonyaka wesibili.
Ukusakazeka kwezinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zama-violets kukuvumela ukuba uvuselele isitshalo. Ezimweni eziningi, ngonyaka wesithathu, ama-pansies akhulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimbali ziba zingathandeki kangako. Cishe ukusikwa okungu-10 kungatholakala kwisitshalo esisodwa ngasikhathi. Ehlobo, inani labo lingakhuphuka lifike ku-45.
Ungakhula Kanjani Amapayipi - Video
