Isitshalo sika-anyanisi njenge hyacinth (IHyacinthus) iyaqhakaza futhi iqhume entwasahlobo. Kuhlobene ngqo nomndeni we-asparagus (Asparagaceae), kepha kunemithombo abathi iyi-lilac (Liliaceae). I-Hyacinth ivame ukuvuthwa njengesitshalo setiyidi enguna njalo.
Imvamisa izimbali zezimbali zikhulisa lezi zimbali ezinhle ngokubukeka kwezangaphakathi. Futhi kaningi zisetshenziselwa i-distillation. Ukuqhakaza kwazo, njengomthetho, kwenzeka phakathi nobusika, okungajabulisa kodwa. Izimbali ze-hyacinth ezinamakha zibamba isikhathi eside.
Ekuphakameni, le mbali ifinyelela amasentimitha angama-20-25. Inamahlamvu anamahlwili anempilo. Isibazi esishubile salesi sitshalo, esifinyelela ububanzi bamasentimitha ayi-6, sihlala isikhathi eside (kwenzeka ukuthi sisinda kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10).
I-peduncle enamanzi ayinamaqabunga, futhi kuhlanganiswe nezimbali ezingaphezulu kuka-30 zensimbi. Njengomthetho, i-1 bulb yakha i-1 peduncle eyodwa. Izimbali azihlali amasonto ama-2 noma ama-3, futhi zipendiwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene, isibonelo: ukhilimu, upinki, onsomi, omhlophe, obomvu, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi obomvu okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi kunezinhlobo ezinjalo, izimbali zazo ezinombala ohlukahlukene, futhi kukhona nezindlela zezitayela.
Ukuze usebenzise i-hyacinth ukuthola i-distillation, kufanele wazi imithetho eyisisekelo ye-distillation yezitshalo ezinamandla. Ungakhohlwa futhi ukuthi ama lembali (lapho esebenza nawo) angadala ukucasuka kancane kwesikhumba esibucayi, ngoba aqukethe i-oxalic acid.
Ifaka uphawu lokunukahluka ezimeni zamakamelo
Okokuqala kudingeka uqonde ukuthi yini edala ukutshala izitshalo? Le yinqubo ekhethekile yezolimo esetshenziselwa ukususa ngobungcwethi isitshalo esithile esifundeni esimanzi. Ngenxa yalokho, iqala ukukhula ngokushesha, futhi ibuye iqale ukuqhakaza nezithelo ngesikhathi esingajwayelekile kulesi sitshalo. Ukuze le nqubo iphumelele, kubalulekile ukukhetha isibani esifanele nokwenza umsebenzi wokulungiselela.
Ukukhetha kwe-Bulb
I-bulb elungele i-distillation kufanele ibe mnene ngokwanele, ibe nkulu ngosayizi, futhi ivuthwe. Le hyacinth kumele ikhule kuqala endaweni evulekile. Isibani kufanele sisinde futhi singabi nomonakalo.
Izici zokulungiselela ama ukuphoqa
Isikhathi sokutshala i-bulb sincike ngqo osukwini olufisayo lwezimbali. Ngakho-ke, ingakhiqizwa zombili maphakathi nesikhathi sekwindla nasekupheleni. Ukutshala kwenziwa emabhodweni wezimbali agcwele inhlabathi evundile. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ingaphezulu le-bulb elitshaliwe kufanele licishe lifike ezingeni elifanayo kanye nomphetho wembiza yezimbali. Uma ungatshali eyodwa kodwa ama-bulbs ambalwa esitsheni esisodwa, qaphela ibanga elingamasentimitha ayi-2,5 phakathi kwawo. Ukwenza ingxube yenhlabathi ilungele ukutshala ama-hyacinths, udinga ukuxuba isihlabathi, umhlabathi wamashidi namalahle ahlanganisiwe. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lapho ukutshala ama musa alale ngokuphelele, kufanele babheke ingxenye 1/3.
Ngemuva kokutshala, isitsha esinama-hyacinths kumele simbozwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa isicoco sephepha, imbiza yezimbali engaphenduki nesikhwama sepulasitiki esinombala omnyama onezimbobo ezincane (umoya omncane). Futhi ama-bulbs angambozwa ngesendlalelo se-saw sawust noma nge-peat chip. Ngemuva kwalokho amabhodwe anezitshalo athuthelwa endaweni epholile (ama-5-8 degrees) nasekamelweni elimnyama. Lapho kufanele bahlale izinyanga ezingama-2,5 ukuya kwezingu-2. Lona ubusika bokufakelwa imibala enikeziwe. Ukunisela kuyaqabukela ngokweqile, kuphela ngomiswa omhlaba womhlaba, futhi usebenzise amanzi abandayo kuphela. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isigatshana esingaphansi komhlaba kufanele sibe mancane okuncane, kepha singamanzi.
Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, amahlumela kufanele avele kuma. Ngemuva kokususa indawo yokukhosela, izimbiza zezimbali kufanele zithuthelwe egumbini eliqhakazile nelifudumele kahle (ukusuka kuma-20 kuye kwangama-23 degrees). Kodwa-ke, ukuphinda uhlele kabusha imbali ibe ukushisa akunconywa. Okokuqala udinga ukuyibeka endaweni enomthunzi futhi epholile lapho kufanele ibe khona izinsuku eziningana. Futhi kuphela ngemuva kwe-acclimatization lapho i-hyacinth ingabekwa khona ekushiseni.
Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo, futhi kuyathandeka futhi ukuthi wethule ngokusemthethweni umanyolo wamaminerali enhlabathini. Izimbali eziqhakaza zasendlini ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3 noma amane, ngemuva kokuthi idluliselwe endaweni ekhanyayo. Izimbali zihlala cishe amasonto amathathu. Ukuze izimbali zihlale isikhathi eside, imbiza yezimbali ingahanjiswa endaweni epholile.
Futhi, imvamisa le mbali ikhula ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha umkhumbi omuhle bese uwugcwalisa ngemvula ethambile noma uncibilike amanzi. Ingxube yamanyolo wezimbiwa nawo alethwa lapho. Kubalulekile ukubeka u-anyanisi ukuze kungahlangani noketshezi. Isikebhe sikhutshelwa egumbini elipholile, elimnyama, bese inani elifunekayo lamanzi lithululelwa kabili ngenyanga. Izitshalo zinezimpande eziningi, futhi futhi ngemuva kokuthuthela egumbini eliqhakazile, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqala.
Yini ongayenza nge-hyacinth ekugcineni kwezimbali
Kumabhulebhu asetshenziselwa i-distillation, izimbali azenzeki ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngoba zivame ukulahlwa ngaphandle. Kodwa-ke, nazo zingatshalwa engadini futhi emva kweminyaka embalwa, lezi ama zingabuye zisetshenziswe futhi ukuthola i-distillation. Khumbula ukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingabekezeleli iqhwa ebusika. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukubafafaza nge-sawdust noma amaqabunga omisiwe ebusika.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuba i-hyacinth isinciphile, kuvame kakhulu ukungakwenzi ukuyitshala emgaqweni, ngoba ubusika busagcwele lapho.
Ezincwadini, ungathola isiluleko sokuthi ama-hyacinths anjalo kufanele agcinwe omile ebhodweni lezimbali, i-sawdust noma i-peat chips. Ekwindla, imbali idluliselwa enhlabathini evulekile. Kodwa-ke, u-anyanisi onjalo uvame ukoma, ngoba kunzima kakhulu kubo ukubekezelela isikhathi esomile sokulondolozwa, kusukela ngoFebhuwari noma ngoMashi futhi siphela ekwindla. Uma besinda, khona-ke ngonyaka olandelayo ama-hyacinths anjalo ngeke aqhakaze.
Kungcono ukugcina ama-hyacinth ngemuva kokuqhakaza ezimweni zasekamelweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukususa i-peduncle futhi anikeze ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela. Ukusuka embizeni encane kakhulu kunconywa ukuthi uyihambise ngokucophelela kwenye enkulu. Sebenzisa umhlaba oxegayo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthulula isihlabathi ku-substrate ethengiwe. Beka imbiza endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle. Kumiswa amaqabunga amasha imbali, futhi izokhula, njengezinye izihlobo zayo engadini. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwehlobo, ingatshalwa kabusha ingene endaweni evulekile, kanti intamo ka-anyanisi ayidingi ukujulwa.
Lezi hyacinths zingaqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo. Futhi futhi kaningi bakha amabhuleki endodakazi.
Ungasakaza kanjani
Ungahlwanyela imbewu noma ukhule le mbali kusuka kumabala. Imbewu ivame ukuhlwanyelwa ngochwepheshe ukuze ithole ezinye izinhlobo. Njengomthetho, kuphela emva kweminyaka emi-5 isibani sezimbali siyokhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
Endaweni evulekile, izitshalo zamadodakazi avela kuma-hyacinth bulbs, futhi anazo zonke izimpawu zabazali bawo.
