I-Deciduous shrubberry (Physocarpus) ilungu lomndeni wepinki. Igama lesiLatin lesi sitshalo esinjalo liqukethe izimpande ezi-2 zolimi lwasendulo lwesiGrikhi, okungukuthi: "physo" - "bubble" kanye "carpos" - "izithelo". Kunezinhlobo eziyi-14 kulolu hlobo. Ezimweni zasendle, i-cystic fibrosis ingatholakala eNyakatho Melika nase-East Asia. Lapho ukhule engadini, lesi sihlahla sibonisa ukuphakama kwawo, kanye neqiniso lokuthi iyakwazi ukugcina ukubukeka kwayo okumangalisayo kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula. Futhi, lesi sihlahla sikhula ngokushesha futhi simelana nokungcola kgesi. Isitshalo esinjalo sikhula njengasodwa futhi sisetshenziswe ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, uthango lwe-vesicle luhlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
Izici ze-vesicle
Isihlahla esivulekile samanzi siqukethe amagatsha aqothulayo akha umqhele ovundile okhophayo. Esihlahleni esidala, kuvela amagxolo, ngemivimbo ebanzi. Ekuphakameni, ingafinyelela amasentimitha angama-300. Amapuleti eqabunga amaqabunga amathathu nanhlanu esimilo sifana namaqabunga e-viburnum. Izimbali ezimhlophe ezilula zinama-stamens amaningi. Bayingxenye ye-inflorescences yesimo se-hemispherical, lapho ububanzi bungafinyelela amasentimitha angama-5-7. Ukuqhakaza okuluhlaza kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwenkathi yehlobo. Izithelo zesitshalo esinjalo nazo zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele impela, zingamapheshana anoxhaka, okuthi, lapho sesivuthiwe, sibe bomvu. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 kuphela ze-vesicle ezitshalwa, kuyilapho kunezinhlobo eziningi ezimangalisa, amapuleti amaqabunga anombala ohlukile.
Ukufakwa kwe-vesicle emhlabathini ovulekile
Isikhathi sokutshala
Uma ukwazile ukuthenga izithombo enkulisa noma esikhungweni segadi ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvaliwe, zingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka (kepha hhayi ebusika). Uma izithombo ezithengiwe zinesistimu evulekile yezimpande, khona-ke zokutshala kwazo kufanele ukhethe intwasahlobo, futhi ikwindla ihamba phambili. Ngokutshala isitshalo esinjalo, indawo ekhanyiswe kahle, evulekile kufanelekile, eduze nalapho izihlahla ezinkulu zingeke zikhule. Uma kunjalo, uma izinhlobonhlobo zinombala wamaqabunga aluhlaza, ke isihlahla esinjalo singakhula ngokujwayelekile endaweni enemibala. Inhlabathi ayifunanga, kepha kufanele ihlanzeke kahle, futhi i-lime kumele ibe yingxenye yayo. Uma ufuna kube nokubukeka okuhlobisa kakhulu, kufanele ukhethe inhlabathi evulekile egcwele izakhi.
Ungatshala kanjani
Lapho ulungiselela umgodi wokutshala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ubukhulu bawo kufanele bube bokuthi ungqimba lomhlabathi ogcwele izakhamzimba (noma inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ehlanganisa i-peat, i-turf, umhlaba nesihlabathi) ingangena kuyo, kuyilapho intamo yezimpande ye-seedling kufanele ibe khona thinta ebusweni besakhiwo. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuthi kulungiswe umgodi ngokuwumba futhi uthele inhlabathi evundile kuwo, uhhafu wenyanga ngaphambi kosuku okuhloswe ngalo ukutshala, kulokhu umhlabathi uzoba nesikhathi sokuhlalisa kahle. Isilimo esifakwa emgodini wokutshala sihlanganiswe nesigaxa sobumba, ngenkathi sikhumbula ukuthi umanyolo akufanele usetshenziselwe inhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala, njengoba isitshalo esincane sesitshalo simane nje singakwazi ukukufaka ngendlela evamile. Ngemuva kwalokho umgodi uzodinga ukugcwaliswa ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi (ukwakheka kuchazwe ngenhla) noma ngenhlabathi egcwele izakhamzimba. Isihlahla esitshaliwe sidinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Uma ngemuva kokunisela umhlaba uzinza, kuzodingeka uwuthulule. Izinsuku zokuqala, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi umbuthano osondele we-vesicle uhlala umanzi kancane. Ingaphezulu lendawo kufanele limbozwe ngesendlalelo se-mulch (humus noma i-peat).
Ukunakekelwa Kwesinye
Lapho unakekela isitshalo esinjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusinisela ngesikhathi, ngoba sihlangabezana nesomiso esibi kakhulu. Lapho unisela, qiniseka ukuthi uketshezi aluweli ngaphezu kwamapuleti amaqabunga kanye nama-inflorescence, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekushisweni. Kulokhu, le nqubo inconywa ukuthi yenziwe ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa. Ehlobo, phakathi nenkathi eshisayo, ukuchelela kuzodingeka kwenziwe cishe amahlandla ambalwa ngesonto, kuyilapho ngasikhathi sinye amabhakede amanzi amane aya e-1 bush ngasikhathi. Bheka isimo samaqabunga e-vesicle, ngoba hhayi isomiso kuphela, kodwa nokufaka amanzi kwenhlabathi kungakulimaza. Esimweni lapho isiza singambozwa ngemboza nge-mulch, khona-ke isikhathi ngasinye ngemuva kokuba isihlahla siniselwe, kubalulekile ukuba sikhulule ingaphezulu laso nokhula.
Kuyadingeka ukondla lesi sitshalo amahlandla ambalwa ngonyaka (entwasahlobo nasekwindla). Ngentwasahlobo, udinga ukondla isitshalo ngalengxube elandelayo enempilo: ngebhakede elilodwa lamanzi thatha imbiza engamakhulu amahlanu gramu ye-mullein, kanye ne-1 spoonful enkulu ye-urea ne-ammonium nitrate. Kwisihlahla esi-1 esidala, kuthathwa amabhakede 1.5 wesisombululo esinjalo. Ekwindla, amabhakede elilodwa nesigamu lesisombululo sezakhi ezinamalitha ayi-10 amanzi nezinzipho ezi-2 ezinkulu ze-nitroammophoska kufanele zithululwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.
Izihlahla
Lesi sitrobhu sidinga izihlahla ezihlelekile nezohlanzekile. Entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukunquma ngezinhloso zokuhlanzeka, ngoba lokhu, bonke abalimele, abagulisiwe, iziqu zesithwathwa namagatsha, kanye nalezo ezikhula ngaphakathi kwesihlahla, ziyanqunywa. Ngokusika i-vesicle ekwindla, uyilungiselela ubusika obuzayo. Ukuthena ukwakha umqhele kungenziwa ekwindla, kodwa abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukukwenza entwasahlobo. Ukuze isihlahla sibe nokubukeka komthombo, udinga ukusula zonke iziqu ezacile ezansi, ushiye ama-5 noma ama-6 anamandla kakhulu, adinga ukufinyezwa kancane. Uma ufuna isihlahla sibanzi, udinga ukusisika endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-50. Lapho isihlahla sineminyaka eyi-6, yenza izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga esiqwini. Kuma-stems obukhulu, izindawo zokusika kufanele zifakwe ngaphakathi nge-var var.
Ukufakelwa
Kwezinye izimo, kuba nesidingo sokusifaka lesi sitshalo, ngokwesibonelo, udinga ukusidlulisela kwenye indawo. Uma isihlahla sesivele sesikhulile, kufanele sitshalwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvuvukala, noma ekwindla, lapho iqabunga lokuwa liphela. Isihlahla sitshalwa ngesigaxa sodaka esinobumba obuningi, ngasikhathi sinye, sigawulwa kuqala, kuthi lapho iziqu zalimala, zinesifo futhi zikhule, bese kuthi ezinye ezisele zifushaniswe zibe ngu-0-0-0.3 m. Ngenxa yalokhu, uzokwazi ukwenza umthwalo ohlelweni lwezimpande buthakathaka, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nezimo kuzoba nzima kakhulu kuye ukondla isitshalo esidala. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngendlela ecishe ifane nokutshala, kuphela kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi i-bladder kuleli cala isivele imdala. Isihlahla esidlulisiwe kumele siniselwe kusetshenziswa isixazululo seHeteroauxin noma iKornevin, futhi udinga futhi ukufafaza amapuleti amaqabunga nge-Epin noma i-Eco-gel antistress.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ukutshala nokukhula kwama-vesicle kulula kakhulu, futhi umlimi uyokwazisa iqiniso lokuthi umelana kakhulu nezinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, uma kungekho-kudla emhlabathini, lesi sitshalo sakha i-chlorosis, esidala ukuthi iziqu ze-apical zome futhi amapuleti amancane anamahlamvu aphuzi aphuzi. Uma ubona izimpawu zalesi sifo, khona-ke kufanele ufafaze amaqabunga noma unisele ihlathi uqobo ngaphansi kwempande ngesixazululo seFerrilen, Antichlorosis, Ferovit, kodwa abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukusebenzisa u-Iron Chelate. Njengomthetho, ngemuva kwale nqubo, i-vesicle ibuyiselwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukusikisela
Bubble kungenziwa kalula okusakazwa kalula, okungukuthi: ukusika, ukubeka, kanye nokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Futhi, indlela yokukhiqiza (inzalo) yokukhiqiza ilungele lokhu. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, kuthi ekuqaleni kufanele kuhlukaniswe izinsuku ezingama-30. Kodwa-ke, kufanele wazi ukuthi izihlahlana ezikhule ngale ndlela azivamile ukugcina umbala owenele wamaqabunga avela esitshalweni somzali. Futhi i-vesicle ekhulayo yembewu inqubo esebenzayo yabasebenzi. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuthi basebenzise izindlela zokusungula ukuze zikhiqizwe kabusha.
Izimbumbulu
Ukuvunwa kwemithi kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwesihlahla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sika amahlumela aluhlaza walo nyaka. Ubude bezisiko bungasukela kusentimitha eziyi-10 kuye kwezingama-20, kuthi ama-2 noma ama-3 ama-internode kumele abe khona komunye nomunye wabo. Onke amapuleti amaqabunga akhiwe ngaphansi kwesibambo kufanele anqunywe, futhi lawo asendaweni engenhla kufanele ancishiswe ngengxenye ye-½. Ama-cuttings alungiselelwe kumele abhajwe kwisisombululo se-ejenti evuselela izimpande (isibonelo, iKornevin). Ngemuva kwalokho atshalwe embhedeni wokuqeqesha engxenyeni yenhlabathi ehlanganisa i-peat nesihlabathi. Nisela futhi umboze ngefilimu ye-polyethylene. Ukunakekela ukusikwa kulula kakhulu, kufanele kuniselwe ngesikhathi futhi kungene umoya ngokuhlelekile. Ebusika, ukusika okugxilile kudinga indawo yokukhosela, futhi entwasahlobo zingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ungakusakaza kanjani ukwala
Le ndlela yokuzala iyona elula kakhulu futhi isebenzayo. Entwasahlobo, ihlumela elinamandla kakhulu nelinempilo ngokuphelele kufanele likhethwe, okumele likhule ngempela. Onke amapuleti eshidi kufanele anqunywe kuwo, ashiye lawo kuphela akhula kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho lesi siga sibekwa endaweni ebiyelwe ngaphambili, okujule ngayo okufanele kube ngamasentimitha ayi-12, bese ilungiswa kusetshenziswa isikejana sokhuni (ungathatha ama-hairpins), khona-ke isigcino kumele sigcwaliswe ngenhlabathi. Kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, ukubekelwa amabombo kuzodinga ukuthambisa ngesikhathi, ukhula nokukhulula umhlabathi. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yasekwindla, ukubeka izisekelo kuzofanela kunikeze izimpande, futhi kufanele kwehlukaniswe nesihlahla somzali futhi kumbozwe ubusika.
Ungasakaza kanjani ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, kungcono ukusabalalisa i-vesicle. Le nqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Kodwa-ke, uma unesipiliyoni namakhono athile kule ndaba, khona-ke ungahlukanisa isihlahla ehlobo. Ukuze le nqubo iphele ngempumelelo, kumele yenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba uhlelo lwempande, olusemoyeni omusha, akumele lome.
Bubble Ebusika
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Autumn
Ekwindla, lesi sihlahlana sibukeka sihlaba umxhwele ikakhulukazi, ngoba kungalesi sikhathi lapho amahlamvu edwetshwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene. Inokuphikisana nokuqina kwesithwathwa futhi ebusika, njengomthetho, yilawo kuphela amagatsha angenasikhathi sokuqanda ukuqina. Kepha kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi ukusika okugxilile njengezinhlobonhlobo ezincane kudinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Esimweni lapho ababikezeli besimo sezulu befanekisela ubusika obuqandayo kakhulu, amabhlogo amadala esifo esidala kufanele nawo ambozwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, donsela ngobumnene i-shrub nge-twine, bese "ubeka" kuso isigaxa sophahla sizwa noma sisonga ngokusikhulula nge-lutrasil. Kodwa-ke, okokuqala udinga ukugcwalisa ingaphezulu lombuthano we-trunk ngesendlalelo se-mulch (peat), ubukhulu bawo okufanele bube kusuka kumasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-8. Izihlahlana ezincane kufanele zidlulwe, zifakwe emgqeni wazo wesiqu, bese zimbozwa ngamagatsha e-spruce.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-bladderwort ngezithombe namagama
Okwamanje, izinhlobo ezingama-2 kuphela zezithelo ze-cystic ezitshalwa, kanye nezinhlobo zazo nezinhlobonhlobo.
I-Amur Bubble (Physocarpus amurensis)
Lolu hlobo lwendalo lungatholakala eNyakatho Korea, eNyakatho China naseMpumalanga Ekude, ngenkathi lukhetha ukukhula emahlathini axubile. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla esinomqhele oyindilinga kungaba amasentimitha angama-300. Iziqu ezincane zibomvu ngokunsundu futhi zibushelelezi, ngenkathi iziqu ze-cortex ezindala zivele ngemivimbo emide. Ipuleti leqabunga elinamaqabunga amathathu nanhlanu linesisekelo esisetshenzisiwe senhliziyo nobude cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Ingaphambili lazo liluhlaza okomnyama, kanti ngaphakathi imhlophe qwa, ngoba banezinwele ezimise okwenkanyezi kuzo. Ama-inflorescence wesimo se-corymbose aqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe eziyi-10-15 ezimhlophe nesentimitha esisodwa nesigamu. Izimbali zihlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-20. Isithelo siwugwadule ovuvukala okuthi, lapho selivuthiwe, luphenduke lube bomvu. Le nhlobo iboniswa ukumelana nesithwathwa esiphezulu. Kusetshenziselwa ukwakha uthango, kanye naseqenjini nokufika ngakunye. Ikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-1854. Amafomu athandwa kakhulu:
- ULuteus. Ehlobo, amapuleti amaqabunga apendwe ngombala ocebile ophuzi, kuthi ekwindla abe ngethusi.
- I-Aureomarginate. Kumapuleti amaqabunga kukhona ukufafazwa kombala wegolide omnyama.
- Nana. Isihlahla esinjalo esimfushane sinamapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama.
I-Kalinolisty (Physocarpus opulifolius)
Izwe lakulezi zinhlobo liyingxenye esempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika, kuyilapho ithanda ukukhula kumathafa angaphansi komhlaba nasogwini lomfula. Lesi sitrobheli esinomqhele we-hemispherical lush ukuphakama singafinyelela amasentimitha angama-300. Amapulangwe eshidi we-elliptical-blade-blade amathathu ane-lobe enkulu ephakathi nendawo nomphetho we-serated. Ingaphambili lazo liluhlaza, bese okuhlanhlulwa kudwetshwe emthunzini we-paler, kwesinye isikhathi kungaba yi-pubescent. Izimbali ezincane (ubukhulu ezingaba ngu-1,2 cm) zinombala opinki noma omhlophe, kanye namabala obomvu. Izithelo iyiqabunga eliluhlaza eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluvele lube bomvu lapho luvuthiwe. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziselwa ukudala uthango, kanye nasekutshaleni okukodwa noma kweqembu. Ikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-1864. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu:
- I-Darts Gold. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla esiminyene nesihlahla esikhulu kungafinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-150. Amacembe amaqabunga aphuzi abe ophuzi ophuzi ehlobo. Ama-Root inflorescence aqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezipinki.
- UDeveli (redleaf). Ukuphakama kwesihlahla cishe ngamasentimitha angama-300. Umbala wamahlamvu awo ububende noma obomvu obumnyama. Uma isihlahla sikhule endaweni enomthunzi, khona-ke amaqabunga awo azoba luhlaza ngombala onsomi, kuthi lapho esekhulile endaweni yelanga, abe nombala obomvu. Ekwindla, umbala wamaqabunga awuguquki. Le nhlobonhlobo iyona ethandwa kakhulu.
- I-Red Baron. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla cishe ngamasentimitha angama-200. Amapulangwe eqabunga angenamikhawulo amaqabunga amathathu-nanhlanu afinyelela kubude bamasentimitha ayi-7 futhi abe nomphetho we-serated. Adwetshwe ngombala obomvu obumangalisayo futhi mncane ngokuqhathaniswa ne-Diablo vesicle. Ama-inflorescence abunjwe ngesambulela aqukethe amhlophe ngezimbali ezipinki, afinyelela ububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-5. Futhi, izithelo zombala obomvu zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele, ezibandakanya ama-sacs ayi-3 kuye kwangama-5 akhomba. Le nhlobonhlobo iphakathi kwezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu.
- I-Lady ebomvu. Isihlahla ukuphakama singafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-150. Le nhlobonhlobo yavinjwa kusuka eNgilandi. Amaqabunga ombala obomvu ogcwele kancane kancane aba mnyama. Umbala wezimbali ezintekenteke umhlophe futhi upinki.
