Lapho intwasahlobo ifika emhlabeni, imithambeka nezimbali ziyigqoka ngengubo eluhlaza. Yonke indawo lapho ubheka khona, izitshalo zizungeza, lapho abahleli bakhona behlala khona. Lobuhle obungenambulelo bukhula ngokushesha, luhlanganisa umhlabathi ngekhaphethi ebabazekayo.
Yatholakala okokuqala emazweni aseMpumalanga Ekude. Yathola igama layo ukuhlonipha usosayensi wase-Australia uN. Futhi, kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngendlela yakudala - umsebenzi oqanjwe ngemuva kwesazi sezinto eziphilayo saseJalimane uG.Kh. Funka.
Ngenkathi lo msubathi evela eziqhingini zaseBrithani ngekhulu le-18, bambalwa kuphela ababuqondayo ubuhle bawo. Kepha, lapho sesithuthele eMelika, sathola ukuthandwa kwangempela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi sitshalo sasakazeka kuyo yonke iplanethi. Kwamanye amazwe asempumalanga, imbali emnandi ibhekwa njengengcwele. Futhi kudliwa amaqabunga.
I-Hosta iyawuthanda umswakama, ngakho-ke iyakhula osebeni lwemifula nasezifudlaneni ezincane. Ingatholakala emithambekeni yezintaba kanye nama-glaze asehlathini.
Incazelo ejwayelekile yesitshalo
IHosta ingeyamalungu omndeni "Asparagus" futhi isitshalo sokuhlobisa zisetshenziswa. Umhlobiso wawo oyinhloko ngamaqabunga.
Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ziyahlukahluka:
- Ubukhulu. Encane, kusuka ku-5 cm ubude.Phakathi - cm eziyi-15. Okukhulu - kufika kuma-40 cm.
- Ifomu. Izinketho ezingcolile ezinemiphetho ekhonjisiwe, i-loin ende, izintambo futhi ziyindilinga Khula kusuka ezimpandeni.
- Indawo engafani yepuleti. Amaqabunga abushelelezi noma abhalwe ngemithambo ekhanyayo. Amanye awo acwebezelayo futhi anensimbi yensimbi. Izinketho ze-Matte zibukeka zangempela. Ngokungeziwe, kutholakala izinhlobo zokubopha, ezichotshoziwe noma ezenziwe nge-waxed.
- Umbala. Emvelweni kunamakhosi anamaqabunga azo zonke izithunzi eziluhlaza okotshani noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kunezinhlobo lapho amahlamvu amhlophe noma okhilimu ashiya.
- Iphethini edwetshwe. Izitshalo zepuleti yephepha elidwetshwe ngohlaka lwangempela zihlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
Imivimbo eyinkimbinkimbi, imivimbo noma amabala yikhona okugqamile kulesi sitshalo.
Imivimbo eyinkimbinkimbi, imivimbo noma amabala yikhona okugqamile kulesi sitshalo.
Ngenxa yokuchuma kwayo ngokushesha, i-hosta ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa umhlaba. Esikhathini esifushane, ingahlala endaweni eyi-1 m², ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwengadi.
Imbali ifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-50 cm ukuya kuma-80 cm. Noma kunjalo, izinhlobo ezintsha zama-giot sezivele zavunwa - ukuya kumamitha ayi-2. Kanye nezinhlobo ezimfushane - 5 cm ukuphakama.
Izimbali ezinomhlobiso wensimbi emise okomlomo obomvana noma obumnandi bukhulu bumangalisa ngaphezu kwesitshalo.
Zitholakala kuma-peduncle azinza enkabeni ye-rosette yamaqabunga. Ama-inflorescence aqoqwe emabhulashini ahlangothini olulodwa aqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo. Ezinye zazo zise-terry, ezinye zilula. Ngombala zitholakala:
- aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- mhlophe
- onsomi
- ngombala opinki.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo ziyavela amahlumela. Yisifuba sokwethamela lapho kugcinwa khona imbewu eningi. Ukufana kuyaqhubeka kuze kube unyaka.
Isitshalo sokuhlobisa i-hosta sithathwa njengesingabalulekanga, ngoba sibekezelela ukubanda nesomiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lisinda ngokuphelele emthunzini. Ingahlala kusayithi elilodwa kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubuhle bayo be-pristine.
Ekubunjweni komhlaba, i-hosta ivame ukusetshenziswa njengemuva eliyinhloko lezimbali zasengadini noma izihlahlana eziphansi.
Ukwehluka okuhlukile kobuhle obuxakile
Emvelweni wemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu ezahlukahlukene. Zithathwa njengesisekelo sezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa ezivunwa abafuyi. Abanye babo bateleka ngomusa wabo nobuhle.
I-Hosta Wavy
Isitshalo esiphansi, esikhula sibe ngama-30 cm, sibonisa ngamaqabunga ama-ovlong ama-ovate Ubude bawo bufika ku-20 cm, ububanzi - 13. Imiphetho ingama-wavy. Maphakathi nendawo, ipuleti lamaqabunga lipendiwe limhlophe noma lihlanganiswe luhlaza.
Ama-inflorescence onsomi okhanyayo akhula aze afike ku-80 cm ngaphezu kwe rosette yamaqabunga. Zifana nomnduze, okunika ubuhle. Emvelweni, umninikhaya ukhula emahlathini, lapho kunomhlabathi ovundile.
Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo
Le mbali ehlukahlukene yezimbali ikhula ngaphezu kwengxenye yemitha. Incwajana zakhe zoqobo zifana nenhliziyo. Emaphethelweni aphonswe ngegolide, futhi enkabeni - luhlaza. Ngaphansi kokukhanyisa okuthile, kuvela i-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izinduna zezimbali zenzeka ngo-Agasti. Isiqu sezimbali sikhuphuka ngaphezulu kwamahlamvu size sibe ngama-50 cm.
Umgcini weLanceolate
Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kuhlukahluka kubizwa ngokuthi ubuhle obuncane. I-perennial ikhula ize ifike ku-40 cm. Amaqabunga avame ukuba lanceolate. Imiphetho ikhonjisiwe. Akhanya elangeni. Umbala uluhlaza okotshani.
Ama-budle we-Purple akhuphuka ngaphezu kwesihlahla ngesigamu semitha. Iqala ukuqhakaza ngo-Agasti, iphonsa ama-inflorescence okugcina maphakathi nekwindla.
Ibanga le-Siebold
Amabhishi aphansi angama-30 cm ukuphakama, kuvame ukujabulisa iso ezindaweni ezisezingeni eliphansi. Umsuka walezi zinhlobo ukuthi amaqabunga awo aminyene futhi ayabuneka. Umbala wazo uluhlaza okotshani, kodwa ngaphezulu kwepuleti kumbozwe ngentambo ye-waxy.
Ama-Peduncle akhuphuka ngaphezu kwesihlahla aze afike kubude obungamasentimitha angama-50. Amahlumela awumbala onsomi. Qhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba.
Umsingathi obekwe phambili okumhlophe
Isitshalo esimfushane esikhula sibe ngama-cm angama-30 kuphela. Ipuleti lamaqabunga libanzi, kepha licinene. Ifomu lanceolate. Umbala - luhlaza okomnyama ngohlaka olumhlophe.
Ama-inflorescences akhuphuka ngaphezu kwesitshalo aze afike kubude obungamasentimitha angama-30. Amahlumela ayimibalabala, mhlophe noma lilac. Kuqala ukuqhakaza ngoJulayi. Izimbali zokugcina ekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
I-Hosta Podorozhnikova
Lolu hlobo lwe-hosta lufika ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Ifaka amaqabunga amakhulu ayindilinga anemibala eluhlaza okotshani.
Ama-buds amakhulu acishe abe mhlophe njalo. Banephunga elimnandi neliphikelelayo. Iqala ukuqhakaza ngoJulayi, ukulanda ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Ibanga elithanda ukushisa.
I-Curly host
Isitshalo sikhula sibe ngama-70 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga anomphetho we-wavy. Umbala unethoni ezimbili. Isikhungo siluhlaza, kanti imiphetho ipendiwe ngentambo ebanzi emhlophe.
Blooms maphakathi nohlobo. Ama-inflorescences akhuphuka ngaphezu kwesihlahla aze abe ngu-50 cm. Umbala wamahlumela izithunzi ezikhanyayo onsomi.
Ukuhlobisa
Amabhishi aphansi aze afike ku-45 cm abukeka eyingqayizivele escebeni sengadi. Ububanzi besitshalo bungamasentimitha angama-55. Amaqabunga ahlukaniswa yiphupho elibukhali, elingaba ngu-15 cm ubude nangu-8. ububanzi. Umbala uhlaza ngokuluhlaza, onomngcele omhlophe ozungeze onqenqemeni.
Ezindongeni eziphakeme (cishe isigamu semitha), kuqhuma imibala e-lavender enemibala. Iqhakaza ikakhulukazi ehlobo.
Umgcini obambile
Lesi siporingi sengadi sinamaqabunga amakhulu amise okwenhliziyo. Ubude bawo bufika ku-25 cm nobubanzi bama-20. Izeluleko zepuleti zikhonjwa. Umbala - luhlaza ojulile.
Ukusuka enkabeni yokuphuma kwamaqabunga, kuvuka umunyu omncane we-1 m. Esiqongweni sayo kukhona iziqholo ezimpunga eziwububende.
Zonke izinhlobo zemikhosi zihlukaniswa umbala wamaqabunga nosayizi wezihlahla. Ziza ngombala: luhlaza, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi kanye namathoni amabili. Ngobukhulu: omncane, omncane, omncane, ophakathi, omkhulu kanye nezihulu.
Khula isitshalo esihle
Ukukhulisa i- "Queen of the Shadows" endaweni engaphansi komhlaba kuzofanela enze umzamo omkhulu. Enye indlela yokutshala abanikazi bayo ukuhlwanyela imbewu. Njengoba ukufana kwezitshalo zezitshalo kungama-80% kuphela, kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathí sina. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, cishe zonke izinhlobo zamasosha empeleni zingatshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Kubalulekile ukuqoqa izinto zokutshala ngesikhathi.
Imbewu zivunwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kokuwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, amabhokisi athola umbala onsundu futhi avulekile. Uma uphuthelwa umzuzu, imbewu izokusakazeka futhi ungahlala ungenalutho.
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, kufanele yomiswe ngokuphelele ukuze ilahlekelwe ngokuphelele ngumswakama. Kuze kufike ukutshala, imbewu igcinwa ekushiseni okungenani kwama-degree ama-2 egumbini elomile.
Ukusingatha ukufika nokuyinakekela bekungelona ize, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho eyisisekelo.
Okokuqala, amathangi enhlabathi nawokutshala ahlanganiswa inzalo. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kubhujiswe ama-microorganisms ahlukahlukene ayingozi kanye nesikhunta. Inhlabathi elungisiwe iniselwa nge potassium permanganate ehlanjululwe emanzini. Ngemuva kwalokho, isisindo sigcinwa kubhavu wamanzi imizuzu engama-30. Ngemuva kwenqubo, pholisa inhlabathi.
Ungakha ibhavu lokuthambisa uma uthatha imbiza enkulu. Thela uketshezi kuyo kuze kube isigamu, bese unamathisela ngesihlungo esinenhlabathi phezulu. Letha amanzi ngamathumba asebenzayo bese ugcina lokushisa imizuzu engama-30. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukumboza ngesihlungo.
Izitsha zokufakelwa, kanye namathuluzi adingekayo womsebenzi, mane usule ngotshwala.
Ukuthola isivuno esihle sembewu ye-hosta, isitoko sokutshala kufanele siphathwe ngezinkuthazo zokukhula. Bese uqhubeka ngokufika:
- Sihlanganisa inhlabathi elungiselelwe usebenzisa ipulangwe elibanzi.
- Sihlwanyela izinto zokutshala, sizitshala ngenkani emhlabathini. Cishe 7 mm ukujula.
- Fafaza ingaphezulu nge-agroperlite (itshe elichotshoziwe ngentaba-mlilo) bese uphinde ubumbane ngeplanga lokhuni.
- Sikhipha iziqukathi eziya egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwe-20 degrees.
Amahlumela okuqala avela emva kwezinsuku eziyi-14. Lapho amapheshana esevele ebonakele, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungawabeka kanjani amabutho ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela ukwakheka okunempilo komhlabathi, okufafazwe ngesihlabathi ngaphezulu. Ngemuva kwalokho esinye isithombo sinamathela ebhodweni ngalinye, silimboza ngefilimu noma ingilazi. Ukuhlinzeka umswakama, kusetshenziselwa ukunisela okungaphansi. Iziqukathi zifakwa esosweni elijulile elinoketshezi, ukuze inhlabathi imanzi ngaphansi kwesiqalo.
Ukuthi ungawunakekela kanjani umgcini ngalesi sikhathi kuya ngokuthi isitshalo sizomila endaweni evulekile noma cha. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo kubalulekile ukuze kancane siqinise.
Lapho izithombo zikhula kancane, ifilimu noma ingilazi kufanele zisuswe amahora amabili kuya kwayi-3 ngosuku. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, isuswe ngokuphelele, bese lesi sitshalo sikhishwa siyiswa emgaqweni.
Ngokugwazwa kancane kancane kwamabutho, izinga lokushisa lakuqala akufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-18.
Ukukhula indlovukazi eluhlaza yengadi kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isitshalo sikhula kancane futhi sikhula. Ubuye alahlekelwe yizimpawu eziphambili zezinhlobonhlobo. Ukubekezela nesimo esifanele sesitshalo esincane kuzosiza kule ndaba.
Izivakashi ezifakwayo ekhaya lokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Ukuze i-hosta engadini ibe ngumhlobiso wangempela, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezinhle ngayo. Inketho enhle yindawo enemibala, engenamoya. Ezinye izinhlobo zithanda ukukhanya okuningi, ngakho-ke leli qiniso kufanele libhekwe. Isibonelo, uma kunombala omhlophe omningi noma ophuzi emaqabungeni, isitshalo sithanda ukukhanya. Izinketho ezihlukene zithanda ilanga kuphela ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Ngokunikezwe la maphuzu, umuntu kufanele akhethe ngokuhlakanipha indawo ehlala unomphela ngobuhle obuntekenteke. Amabutho aboniswe esithombeni, ukutshala nokunakekelwa okwenziwa kahle - leli ikhadi elihle lokuvakasha lesakhiwo sengadi.
Umgcini wegadi ohlakaniphile uyaqonda ukuthi isitshalo sifuna ukuphumula kusuka ekushiseni kwehlobo emthunzini. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala izihlahla ezinde noma izihlahla eziseduze. Vele, umuntu akufanele aye ngokweqisa. Uma kunokukhanya okumbalwa kakhulu, umsingathi uzogula futhi alahlekelwe ukukhanga.
Lapho indawo ikhethiwe futhi inhlabathi isilungile, kwenziwa izimbobo zokujula okuphakathi.
Ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle emhlabathini ovulekile, amahora amabili noma amathathu ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo zithululelwa ngamanzi.
Ebangeni elingama-30-60 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, kubekwa izihlahla ezinhlobonhlobo zehostela. Iziqhwaga - ibanga elingafika ku-1 m.
Lapho ubeka izithombo emigodini, kubalulekile ukuqondisa ngokucophelela izimpande ukuze ungazilimazi. Kubalulekile ukugcina ingcosana engezansi ebhodweni.
Ngemuva kwalokho isitshalo simbozwa ngomhlaba. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula: umsingathi kufanele abe emgodini ongu-2 cm ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlaba. Ngemuva kokunisela, isitshalo esitshaliwe sifakwe ndawonye ngamagxolo ochotshoziwe.
Kungcono ukwenza umsebenzi maphakathi noJulayi ukuze abaphethe bathathe izimpande futhi babekezelele ngempumelelo izikhathi ezibandayo.
I-hosta ekhonjiswe esithombeni futhi uyinakekela ayidingi mzamo omkhulu. Ukukhulisa "indlovukazi yamathunzi" kungakhokhela abantu abangafuni ukwenza umsebenzi wezwe. Futhi kulabo abangenawo umnikazi okwamanje ngalesi sikhathi, ukuthola kwangempela. Lapho isitshalo sikhula, sidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Futhi ngezithombo ezincane kuzofanele zisebenze kancane.
Amabhasi nje atshaliwe kufanele ayophuziswa kabili ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa. Udinga ukuqondisa ukusakazwa kwamanzi ngaphansi kwempande, ngoba amaqabunga angaphenduka amnyama kusuka kumswakama. Umfutho wamanzi akufanele ube namandla ukuze inhlabathi engaphansi kwesitshalo ingavimbi. Uma amathiphu epuleti lamaqabunga enziwe mnyama, kusho ukuthi lesi sitshalo asinakho umswakama. Lesi sici siyinkomba yemvamisa yokunisela.
Ukuvikela uhlelo lwezimpande zezithombo ezincane kanye nomswakama eduze kwazo, kuthathwa isikhwanyana esincane emhlabeni. Ngezikhathi ezithile, imbali ingavundiswa. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngemuva kokuqhakaza kokugcina.
Lapho imbali ikhula emhlabathini ocebile ngamaminerali, khona-ke ingadliwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3. Kulokhu, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-humus. Gcoba ekwindla sekwephuzile njengesixhobo se-mulching. Ukugqoka amaminerali kuhlakazeka ngemuva kwemvula enhle noma ukuthambisa kahle.
Umanyolo kwifomu lewuketshezi usetshenziswa kuphela kuze kube phakathi nesikhathi sehlobo. Uma ubenza bade, imbali izokhula ngentshiseko amaqabunga amasha. Ngenxa yalokhu, akanaso isikhathi sokushintsha alungiselele isikhathi sokubanda.
Ukwenza amahlahla wangaphambi kokubukeka abukeke, abalimi abanolwazi basusa ama-peduncle amasha namaqabunga alahlekile. Ngale ndlela, imbali ibukeka kahle kahle futhi ihlobisa ikhishi lasehlobo. Isitshalo esivuthiwe simboza kahle inhlabathi eyizungezile, ngakho-ke ayidingi ukhula olujwayelekile lokhula.
Izifo nezinambuzane zabasingathi abathandekayo
Uma "indlovukazi yamathunzi" ihlaselwe yiqhwa lasentwasahlobo, ishaywa yisikhunta. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ezindaweni ezimnyama ophuzi kwipuleti leqabunga.
I-Peduncle kwesinye isikhathi ihlushwa izinambuzane. Kulokhu, izinso ezinjalo kufanele zimbiwe kusuka engadini ukuvikela izimbali ezinempilo. Inhlabathi kumele ibulawe amagciwane.
Isinambuzane esiyinhlokomo esiyinhloko yi-slugs. Uma kuvela izimbobo ezinkulu emaqabungeni amahle kakhulu, khona-ke abahlaseli sebevele bakhona. Ukuze ubasuse, ungabamema kubhiya. Iziqukathi ezincane ezinobhiya zibekwa eceleni kwembali. Ngosuku, “izivakashi” ziyobuthana zivuke. Kuhlala kuphela ukuqoqa izinambuzane ezicasulayo.
Akunangozi kangako imbali yizimbungulu, okuthi ngesikhathi esifushane zingabhubhise wonke amaqabunga. Ngaphezu kwazo, lesi sitshalo sithintwa izintethe noma amabhungane. Ngemuva kokuhlasela kwabo, imbali ifana neqhawe elalihlaselwe elabuya enkundleni yempi. Ungalwa nabo kuphela ngosizo lwama-insecticides.
Lapho isitshalo sinikezwa ukunakekelwa okusebenzayo kanye nokuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni, kuzojabulisa abanini bayo isikhathi eside. Futhi ingadi izoshintsha ibe yindawo oyithandayo yobumnandi.
