I-cyperus ye-genus ingeyomndeni we-sedge, inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-600. Izwe lakulezi zitshalo lithathwa njengesiqhingi saseMadagascar nengxenye eshisayo yase-Afrika. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-cyperus ikhula osebeni lwemifula, amachibi nasemachibini asondelene nokuxhumana namanzi, yakha amathokheni wonke.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Uzithola eseYurophu ngekhulu le-18, washeshe wazitholela ukuthandwa ngenxa yokungabekezeleleki kwakhe nokubukeka okuhle okuyingqayizivele. ICyprus yaziwa nangamagama i-saturate, i-venus utshani ne-sedge.
I-cyperus iyizitshalo ezihlala zihlala ziluhlaza herbaceous ezineziqu ezinjengomhlanga onqenqemeni. Ngaphezulu kwesiqu ngasinye kuthweswe umqhele ohlotshiswe ngesambulela onamaqabunga angasho lutho. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo, amaqabunga angaba luhlaza okhanyayo, luhlaza okotshani noma awemisindo emibili.
Lezi zitshalo ze-hygrophilous zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlobisa nokuhlobisa imithombo, izindawo zasemanzini, izimpophoma zokwenziwa, izingadi zamanzi zasebusika. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, i-cyperus iyakwazi ukuhlobisa noma iliphi ikona eliluhlaza futhi ilinike ukubukeka okushisayo.
Njengoba i-cyperus ikhula cishe emanzini, ikhipha umswakama omningi, igcwalise umoya wayo, othinta kahle izitshalo ezingomakhelwane.
Izinhlobo ze-Tsiperus nezinhlobonhlobo
Naphezu kwesibalo esikhulu sezinhlobo ze-cyperus, ezinye zazo kuphela ezifuywayo ekhaya nasezindlini zokugcina izithombo.
UCyperus papyrus noma I-papyrus (UCyperus papyrus L.) - ungenye yezinhlobo zakudala. Kuyaziwa ngokwenza i-papyrus kuyo eGibhithe lasendulo, kanye nokusika obhasikidi kanye nemakethi, futhi nokwakha izikebhe.
Le cyperus ijwayelekile endle ezindaweni eziwugwadule zase-Ethiopia naseGibhithe. Ekhaya, alitshalwa ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu - isitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama okufika kumamitha ayi-3.
Kutholakala emasikweni ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Isiqu sokhokho sivele siqinile futhi siqine, sigcina ngesikhwanyana esinamaqabunga amade, alengayo. Ukusuka kuma-axils amaqabunga, ama-inflorescence we-multifloral avela kuma-pedicels acinene.
UCyperus Umbrella noma iqabunga (C. alternifolius L.) - yiyona evame kakhulu kulinywe. Lolu hlobo lubanzi ngasogwini lomfula olunamaxhaphozi esiqhingini saseMadagascar.
Lesi sitshalo sihlala sikhona, siyabhebhetheka, sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,7. Isiqu sale cyperus sibuye samile, kuthi lapho kukhona i-ambrella enomqhele obunjiwe. Amacembe ayincane, aqondile, alengayo, anobude obungafika ku-25 cm nobubanzi obuyi-0.5-1 cm. Izimbali, eziqoqwe ngamaphaneli amancane, ziyavela kuma-axils amaqabunga.
Kunezinhlobo zezingadi zale cyperus:
"I-Gracilis" - Kuhluka ngokubumbana kwawo kanye namaqabunga amancanyana;
"I-Variegatus" - Inamacembe kanye nesiqu sombala omhlophe noma esifakwe ngemisho emhlophe.
Kuvele uCyperus (C. Diffusus Vahl.) - isitshalo esifinyelela kuma-90 cm ukuphakama, esinamaqabunga amaningi ama-basal ende namaqabunga abanzi. Engxenyeni engenhla, amaqabunga mancane, aqoqwe kwizambulela zezingcezu ezi-6 kuya kwezi-6.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya eCyperus
I-Ciperus isho izitshalo, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya okungekho nzima.
Indoda ebukeka kahle eshisayo iyakwazi ukubekezelela umjondolo, kepha noma kunjalo “inambitha” ukukhanya okukhanya okugqamile. Ibekezelela kalula ukukhanya kwelanga futhi idinga ukuvikelwa kubo ehlobo kuphela. Lapho ukhetha indawo yesitshalo, kungcono ukunikeza kuqala amafasitela aseningizimu noma asentshonalanga.
Mhlawumbe okuqukethwe kwayo kanye nokukhanya okufakwayo. Kulokhu, sebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent, ezibandakanya amahora angama-16 ngosuku.
Izinga lokushisa elifanele ehlobo lingama-degrees angama-18-20 ngenhla kwe-zero. Ebusika, okuqukethwe yisitshalo kuvunyelwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kepha akufanele kwehle ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C. I-Cyperus idinga ukugeleza komoya okuqhubekayo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka kaningi ukungena egumbini. Ehlobo, kungenzeka ukuyigcina kumakhalkoni noma ezivandeni.
I-Cyperus ayinaso isikhathi sokuphumula, Ngakho-ke, lapho inakekela isitshalo, yondliwa unyaka nonyaka. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ojwayelekile usetshenziswa kanye njalo emavikini angama-2-3, futhi ebusika - kanye ngenyanga.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iziqu ziyaguga, ziphenduke ziphuzi bese ziyafa. Iziqu ezinjalo kufanele zisulwe, emva kwalokho isitshalo siqala ukuvuselelwa. Izinhlobo ezingashintshiwe kwesinye isikhathi zingalahlekelwa i-mosagation yazo bese ziphenduka ziluhlaza. Amahlumela anjalo asuswa masinyane lapho avela.
Ukunisela i-Tsiperus nomswakama
I-Tsiperus ithanda umswakama kakhulu. Isimo esibalulekile sokukhula kanye nentuthuko yaso umswakama ongapheli wezimpande. Ukuqinisekisa, imbiza enesitshalo ibekwa epanini elijulile noma ebhodweni lamanzi, ukuze amanzi amboze imbiza kancane. Ukunisela kwenziwa njalo ngobuningi, qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi ayomile. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi athambileko, anzinzile. Ebusika, ukuthambisa kuyancishiswa.
Ukufafaza okungadingekile nokuqhubekayo kwamaqabunga. Ebusika, kwenziwa futhi kaningi futhi isitshalo sibekwa kude nezinto zokushisa ukuvimba ukonakala kwamaqabunga.
I-Tsiperus transplant
I-Ciperus itshalwa kabusha nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka njengoba kudingeka. I-substrate ithathwa ngokunempilo, i-acidic kancane nge-pH ye-5-6.5. Ukulungiselela ingxube yokutshala, bathatha inani elilinganayo le-humus kanye ne-peat bog yomhlaba nge-marsh sludge kubo ngenani le-1/6 yesisindo esiphelele.
Izimbiza zikhethwe phezulu futhi ¼ zigcwaliswa ngemfucumfucu, bese zinomhlabathi olungiselelwe. Uma izimbiza zizocwiliswa emanzini, khona-ke umhlaba umbozwe ungqimba lwesihlabathi kusuka phezulu.
Ukutshala imbewu ye-Ciperus
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa kahle emafulethini, agcwaliswa ngengxube equkethe i-peat, inhlabathi yamaqabunga nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 2: 2: 1. Amapuleti embozwe ngengilazi noma ngesikhwama ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi oqhubekayo. Ventilate namanzi nsuku zonke njengoba kudingeka. Izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ngaphezulu kwama-18 degrees.
Izithombo esezikhulile zitshalwa ngamakhophi ama-3 emabhodweni amancane emhlabathini wokuqalwa okufanayo kwezimbewu. Izitshalo ezincane ziniselwa kakhulu futhi zivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Lapho izitshalo zikhula, zitshalwa emiphongweni engu-9 amasentimitha. I-substrate ilungiselelwe kusuka ku-turf, peat land nesihlabathi, kuthathwe kwisilinganiso 2: 1: 1.
Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Tsiperus ngemisiko, ama-rosette kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwekhisi
Ukuze kusatshalaliswe ukusikwa, izihloko kufanele zikhethwe ngokuba khona kwamaqabunga ezinso okulala endaweni ephumayo. Sika ukuphuma kanye no-5-8 cm wesiqu. Batshalwe esihlabathini noma enhlabathini elula, baphendukela phansi, bacindezela maphakathi nendawo okuphuma kuyo bese beyifafaza kancane. Endaweni yokuxhumana nomhlabathi, isiqu sizodubula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ukuze zikhiqizwe kabusha, i-cyperus igoba emanzini, imila lapho, isiqu sesitshalo sikamama siyafa kanye nezindlela ezintsha zesitshalo. ICyprus nayo ingasakazeka ekhaya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sitsheke okukhishwa phansi bese usifaka emgqonyeni wamanzi, silungise ngaphandle kokwehlukanisa nesitshalo. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezimpande kwehlukaniswe futhi kutshalwe emhlabathini.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, isitshalo singasakazwa ngesigaba se-rhizome. AmaCypruses angaphezu kweminyaka emi-2 alungele le ndlela. Hlukanisa ngokucophelela isihlahla ngommese, ngenkathi uzama ukungafafazi ngesigaxa sobumba. Ingxenye ngayinye esanda kwakhiwa kufanele ibe namahlumela amathathu noma ngaphezulu.
Izinambuzane nobunzima obunokwenzeka
- Izeluleko ezinsundu zamaqabunga ziwuphawu lokoma ngokweqile komoya.
- Uma amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala wawo futhi eba yellowness - lesi sitshalo kumele sondliwe, ngoba lezi zinguquko zibonisa ukuntuleka kwamaminerali.
ICyprus imelana kakhulu nomonakalo wezinambuzane. Uma umoya womile kakhulu, kungavela isimbuzane sesicabucabu.
